鐵礦燒結為煉鐵製程中的重要步驟之一，其包含了燃燒反應、相變化、以及孔隙介質內的熱傳及質傳等現象。本研究主要分為實驗量測和數值模擬二個部分：(1)實驗量測部分是利用中鋼公司現有的燒結杯實驗設備進行實驗量測，實驗所量測之數據，將提供數值模型所需之參數修正及驗證。(2)數值模擬部分為建立一燒結數值模型，配合實驗所量測之相關參數，使模擬結果更具可靠性，並利用此數值模型來探討各參數的影響，進一步了解燒結現象，有利於提升燒結技術。
實驗主要量測內容包含了造粒後生料之體密度、燒結料層內之溫度變化、燒結過程中進氣端與排氣端之壓差和入口空氣之流速，以及粗墊料、細墊料和燒結生料等料層，在不同高度下與流速及壓差之關係。並將量測結果以線性回歸法找出模型內孔隙介質壓力損耗所需之參數。在燒結數值模型方面，考慮了能量、動量、質量及組份守恆方程式，以及燒結過程中重要的熱傳及質傳現象-水分的蒸發與凝結以及細焦炭的燃燒放熱。細焦炭燃燒放熱為燒結製程中的熱量來源，使燒結料層達到燒結所需的溫度(1200℃~1400℃)；而燒結料層內的水分會於高溫區前緣吸熱蒸發，至下游低溫區後凝結放熱，該現象為燒結料層內重要的質傳及熱傳現象。
研究顯示此模型可成功地模擬細焦炭的燃燒放熱、水分的蒸發與凝結以及燒結料層內高溫燒結區的移動等現象。模擬結果發現水分的相變化熱傳，會使尚未燒結料層內的溫度很快地升至50-60℃左右，模擬結果與量測結果於燒結杯內之溫度變化有良好的一致性。

Iron ore sintering is one of the important steps in the Iron making process, including combustion reaction, phase chane, and the heat transfer and mass transfer in the porous media. This study is mainly divided into two parts, experimental measurement and numerical simulation: (1) The experimental measurement part is to use the existing sinter cup to extract the experimental data, and the data are used in the parameter correction and the verification of the numerical results. (2)The numerical simulation part is to establish a sintering numerical model, corresponding the experimental setup. The model parameters and results are adjusted and compared with the measured data to make the simulation reliable. In the end, this numerical models is used to predict the effect of several parameters to further understand the sintering phenomena and improve the sintering technology.
This experiment includes the bulk density measurements of raw material after the granulation process, the temperature variation inside the sinter bed, the inlet air flow speed and pressure drop of the sintering cup in the sintering process. In addition, the air flow speed and pressure drop at different height are also measured at room temperature for the coarse litter, fine litter and sintering raw material. The measured data is processed by linear regression methods to find the pressure loss coefficients of the porous medium inside the model.
This numerical model considers the conservations of mass, momentum, energy and species. The heat and mass transfer in the sintering process includes the water evaporation and condensation and fine coke combustion heat release. The coke combustion heat release is the main heat source in the sintering process, heating the sinter bed to the desired temperature (1200℃~1400℃). Water in the sinter bed is evaporated by absorbing heat at the leading edge of the high temperature area, and condensed by releasing heat in the downstream low temperature area, which is also the significant phenomenon inside the sinter bed.
This study shows this model can successfully simulate the fine coke combustion, water evaporation and condensation and the movement of high temperature sinter area in sinter bed. Simulation shows the phase change of waterl cause the temperature quickly rise to 50-60℃ in the dowsteram. This simulation shows the good consistency in the temperature variation between the simulation result and the measured data.

誌謝 ii
摘要 iv
Abstract vi
目錄 viii
圖目錄 xi
表目錄 xv
符號說明 xvi
第一章 序論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 鐵礦燒結製程背景 2
1.3 文獻回顧 6
1.4 研究目的 10
第二章 實驗設備及方法 12
2.1 實驗儀器與設備 12
2.1.1 燒結前之備料設備 12
2.1.2 燒結時之設備 13
2.2 設備改良與比較 16
2.2.1 燒結杯改良 ( 3孔→5孔 ) 16
2.2.2 Thermocouple之改良 17
2.2.3 改良佈料工具 18
2.2.4改良後之優點 19
2.2.5實驗量測記錄系統之改良 20
2.3 實驗規劃 21
2.3.1燒結生料之造粒 22
2.3.2燒結佈料 23
2.3.3燒結實驗 26
第三章 數值模型 30
3.1數學模型 30
3.2 數值方法 36
第四章 結果與討論 38
4.1燒結杯實驗量測結果 38
4.1.1初步實驗量測結果 38
4.1.2 燒結杯實驗側墊料之調整 41
4.2料層高度與流速及壓差之關係 46
4.3 模擬結果 51
4.3.1 模型參數探討 52
4.3.1.1 模型最佳參數探討 52
4.3.1.2 模型參數靈敏度探討 56
4.3.2模擬結果與實驗結果 63
第五章 結論與未來展望 68
5.1 結論 68
5.2 未來研究展望 70
參考文獻 71
附錄A 74
附錄B 77

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