Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-0809114-101342 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0809114-101342
論文名稱
Title
利用多種屬浮游有孔蟲殼體穩定同位素紀錄探討最近兩萬年沖繩海槽中部的古水文演變
The Last 20 ka Paleohydrography in the Okinawa Trough Based on Multi-speices Planktonic Foraminiferal Stable Isotope Records
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
95
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2014-08-21
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2014-09-11
關鍵字
Keywords
黑潮、沖繩海槽、東海、穩定同位素、浮游有孔蟲
Stable Isotope, East China Sea, Kuroshio, Okinawa Trough, Planktonic, Foraminifera
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5837 次,被下載 1211
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5837 times, has been downloaded 1211 times.
中文摘要
黑潮為源自西赤道太平洋的西邊界流之延伸,其所攜帶的熱量足以影響整個中緯度地區,對全球氣候系統,以及對東亞區域氣候有一定的影響力,是控制沖繩海槽環境及水文特徵的主要因素。因此,在探討過去沖繩海槽長期水文的變化與東亞氣候變遷時,黑潮是否持續進入沖繩海槽必須受到重視。
探討過去末次冰盛期當中黑潮流徑變化在前人文獻中已經有相當多的研究,利用各種指標所顯示的結果仍有些出入,因此仍需要其它指標加以佐證。本研究取自沖繩海槽區域的四支岩芯,分析其中多種屬浮游有孔蟲殼體的穩定同位素,藉以反映沖繩海槽水體混合層、溫躍層之狀況,並進而利用殼體氧同位素之差值,重建過去20 ka以來沖繩海槽的上層水體結構。種屬間殼體氧同位素差值結果顯示,在15~16 ka時期,黑潮表層水重新進入沖繩海槽,黑潮熱帶水進入沖繩海槽的時間,則有可能在13~14 ka時,並於早全新世約9 ka時,黑潮的流量有增強的跡象。
另外,沖繩海槽東西兩側浮游有孔蟲殼體種屬間碳同位素的差值變化,顯示在6~20 ka時有寬幅低值事件出現,與其它沖繩海槽岩芯的結果一致。而北太平洋主要的邊緣海於此時都有類似的現象發生。前人研究成果認為可能與南極深層水的循環有密切關係。南極深層水中的碳同位素低值訊號於冰消期時,隨著深層海水循環的重新增強,擴散至全球中低緯度地區,甚至遠至西北太平洋海域。
Abstract
The Okinawa Trough (OT), a back-arc basin locates between the Japan Sea and the East China Sea, is an ideal place for paleoclimatic and paleoceanographic studies not only because of its high sedimentation rate (~5-50 cm/ka) but also its distinctively hydrological characteristics influenced by the Kuroshio and East Asian monsoon. The Kuroshio transports large amount of heat from the tropics to middle latitudes, which has strong influences on global and regional climate systems. Therefore, studies of long-term variations of the Kuroshio flow pattern are important and implicative for past global changes.
Many published studies had discussed the issue of shifted Kuroshio mainstream during the Last Glacial Maximum period by using different proxies. Some of them suggested that the mainstream of Kuroshio had shifted out of the Okinawa Trough, but some were disagreed. Therefore, in this study, we used multi-species foraminiferal stable isotope records for reconstructing long-term upper-water thermal-structure by using 4 cores retrieved from the central Okinawa Trough. The results show that the Kuroshio surface warm water is re-enters into the Okinawa Trough since 15~16ka, and the Kuroshio tropical water, represents to the main watermass originating from the equatorial Pacific, flows into the Okinawa Trough during the interval of 13~14ka. Finally, the enhanced Kuroshio is observed during the early Holocene, at ~9 ka, then reaches the modern mode since then on.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
中文摘要 iii
英文摘要 iv
目錄 v
圖目錄 vii
表目錄 ix
第一章、緒論 1
1.1前言 1
1.2文獻回顧 3
1.3研究目的 6
1.4碳氧同位素原理 7
1.4.1殼體氧同位素 7
1.4.2殼體碳同位素 9
第二章、研究區域、材料與研究方法 11
2.1地理環境 11
2.2水文環境 11
2.3研究站點 12
2.4分析原理與方法 14
2.4.1樣品前處理 14
2.4.2浮游有孔蟲篩選 14
2.4.3年代模式 15
2.5穩定同位素分析 18
2.5.1儀器分析 18
2.5.2碳氧同位素分析樣本之清洗步驟 18
第三章、水體結構重建 19
3.1浮游有孔蟲種屬特性與生長範圍 19
3.1.1浮游有孔蟲G. ruber 19
3.1.2浮游有孔蟲P. obliquiloculata 19
3.1.3浮游有孔蟲N. dutertrei 19
3.2多種屬浮游有孔蟲碳氧同位素 21
3.3有孔蟲殼體氧同位素偏差 22
3.3.1三種浮游有孔蟲季節性差異 22
3.3.2鹽度效應 23
3.3.3海平面變化 26
3.3.4氧同位素標準化 27
3.4殼體氧同位素差值指示黑潮水體影響 29
3.4.1沖繩海槽內外、西太平洋水體結構 29
3.4.2暖水團影響的水體結構差異 33
第四章、研究結果 35
4.1浮游有孔蟲G. ruber碳、氧同位素結果 35
4.2浮游有孔蟲P. obliquiloculata碳、氧同位素結果 38
4.3浮游有孔蟲N.dutertrei碳、氧同位素結果 40
第五章、討論 43
5.1三種屬浮游有孔蟲紀錄所反映之沖繩海槽水體結構 43
5.2 黑潮流徑在沖繩海槽內的長期變遷 47
5.3重建的水體碳同位素紀錄 66
5.4碳同位素最小值事件 68
第六章、結論 71
參考文獻 72
附錄 79
參考文獻 References
中文文獻
林怡君,(2009)。西太平洋暖池南緣MD05-2925岩芯55萬年以來浮游有孔蟲碳氧同位素記錄,國立台灣師範大學地球科學研究所,共67頁。
劉進興,(2012)。利用岩心GH08-2004記錄探討最近2萬6千年黑潮中下游區之古海表水文變化,國立中山大學海洋及地質研究所碩士論文,共72頁。

英文文獻
Adkins, J.F., McIntyre, K., Schrag, D.P., 2002. The salinity, temperature, and δ18O of the glacial deep ocean. Science 298, 1769-1773.
Anderson, R., Ali, S., Bradtmiller, L., Nielsen, S., Fleisher, M., Anderson, B., Burckle, L., 2009. Wind-driven upwelling in the Southern Ocean and the deglacial rise in atmospheric CO2. Science 323, 1443-1448.
Baohua, L., Zhimin, J., Pinxian, W., 1997. Pulleniatina obliquiloculata as a paleoceanographic indicator in the southern Okinawa trough during the last 20,000 years. Marine Micropaleontology 32, 59-69.
Barnola, J., Raynaud, D., Korotkevich, Y., Lorius, C., 1987. Vostok ice core provides 160,000-year record of atmospheric CO2.
Bauch, D., Erlenkeuser, H., Winckler, G., Pavlova, G., Thiede, J., 2002. Carbon isotopes and habitat of polar planktic foraminifera in the Okhotsk Sea: the ‘carbonate ion effect’under natural conditions. Marine Micropaleontology 45, 83-99.
Beardsley, R., Limeburner, R., Yu, H., Cannon, G., 1985. Discharge of the Changjiang (Yangtze river) into the East China sea. Continental Shelf Research 4, 57-76.
Bemis, B.E., Spero, H.J., Bijma, J., Lea, D.W., 1998. Reevaluation of the oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera: Experimental results and revised paleotemperature equations. Paleoceanography 13, 175-160.
Bijma, J., Spero, H., Lea, D., 1999. Reassessing foraminiferal stable isotope geochemistry: Impact of the oceanic carbonate system (experimental results), Use of proxies in paleoceanography. Springer, pp. 489-512.
Bostock, H.C., Opdyke, B.N., Gagan, M.K., Fifield, L.K., 2004. Carbon isotope evidence for changes in Antarctic Intermediate Water circulation nad ocean ventilation in the southwest Pacific during the last deglaciation. Paleoceanography19, PA4013, doi:10.1029/2004PA001047.
Bouvier-Soumagnac, Y., Duplessy, J.-C., 1985. Carbon and oxygen isotopic composition of planktonic foraminifera from laboratory culture, plankton tows and Recent sediment; implications for the reconstruction of paleoclimatic conditions and of the global carbon cycle. The Journal of Foraminiferal Research 15, 302-320.
Broecker, W., Peng, T., 1982. Tracers in the Sea, Lamont-Doherty Geol. Obs. Columbia Univ., Palisades, New York.
Chen, C.-T.A., 1996. The Kuroshio intermediate water is the major source of nutrients on the East China Sea continental shelf. Oceanologica Acta 19, 523-527.
Duplessy, J.-C., Blanc, P.-L., Be, A.W.H., 1981. Oxygen-18 Enrichment of Planktonic Foraminifera Due to Gametogenic Calcification Below the Euphotic Zone. Science 213, 1247-1250.
Emerson, S., Hedges, J., 1988. Processes controlling the organic carbon content of open ocean sediments. Paleoceanography 3, 621-634.
Emiliani, C., 1954. Depth habitats of some species of pelagic foraminifera as indicated by oxygen isotope ratios. American Journal of Science 252, 149-158.
Erez, J., Luz, B., 1983. Experimental paleotemperature equation for planktonic foraminifera. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 47, 1025-1031.
Fairbanks, R.G., 1989. A 17, 000-year glacio-eustatic sea level record: influence of glacial melting rates on the Younger Dryas event and deep-ocean circulation. Nature 342, 637-642.
Fairbanks, R.G., Sverdlove, M., Free, R., Wiebe, P.H., Bé, A.W., 1982. Vertical distribution and isotopic fractionation of living planktonic foraminifera from the Panama Basin. Nature 298, 841-844.
Fairbanks, R.G., Wiebe, P.H., 1980. Foraminifera and chlorophyll maximum: Vertical distribution, seasonal succession, and paleoceanographic significance. Science 209, 1524-1526.
Hemleben, C., Spindler, M., Erson, O., 1989. Modern planktonic foraminifera. Springer, Berlin.
Ijiri, A., Wang, L., Oba, T., Kawahata, H., Huang, C.-Y., Huang, C.-Y., 2005. Paleoenvironmental changes in the northern area of the East China Sea during the past 42,000 years. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 219, 239-261.
Jian, Z., Wang, P., Saito, Y., Wang, J., Pflaumann, U., Oba, T., Cheng, X., 2000. Holocene variability of the Kuroshio current in the Okinawa Trough, northwestern Pacific Ocean. Earth and Planetary Science Letters 184, 305-319.
Jin, B., Wang, G., Liu, Y., Zhang, R., 2010. Interaction between the East China Sea Kuroshio and the Ryukyu Current as revealed by the self‐organizing map. Journal of Geophysical Research 115, C12047.
Kao, S.J., Wu, C.R., Hsin, Y.C., Dai, M., 2006. Effects of sea level change on the upstream Kuroshio Current through the Okinawa Trough. Geophysical research letters 33, L16604.
Kawahata, H., Nishimura, A., Gagan, M.K., 2002. Seasonal change in foraminiferal production in the western equatorial Pacific warm pool: evidence from sediment trap experiments. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 49, 2783-2800.
Kroopnick, P., 1985. The distribution of 13 C of ΣCO2 in the world oceans. Deep Sea Research Part A. Oceanographic Research Papers 32, 57-84.
Li, T., Liu, Z., Hall, M.A., Saito, Y., Berne, S., Cang, S., Cheng, Z., 2002. A broad deglacial d13C minimum event in planktonic foraminiferal records in the Okinawa Trough. Chinese Science Bulletin 47, 599-603.
Liang, W.-D., Tang, T., Yang, Y., Ko, M., Chuang, W.-S., 2003. Upper-ocean currents around Taiwan. Deep Sea Research Part II: Topical Studies in Oceanography 50, 1085-1105.
Lin, H.-L., Wang, W.-C., Hung, G.-W., 2004. Seasonal variation of planktonic foraminiferal isotopic composition from sediment traps in the South China Sea. Marine Micropaleontology 53, 447-460.
Lin, Y.-S., Wei, K.-Y., Lin, I.-T., Yu, P.-S., Chiang, H.-W., Chen, C.-Y., Shen, C.-C., Mii, H.-S., Chen, Y.-G., 2006. The Holocene Pulleniatina Minimum Event revisited: Geochemical and faunal evidence from the Okinawa Trough and upper reaches of the Kuroshio current. Marine Micropaleontology 59, 153-170.
Loubere, P., Bennett, S., 2008. Southern Ocean biogeochemical impact on the tropical ocean: Stable isotope records from the Pacific for the past 25,000 years. Global and Planetary Change 63, 333-340.
Lu, X., Zhang, W., 1999. Nutrient distribution and its controlling factors in the East China, In: Hu, D., Tsunogai, S. (Eds.), Margin flux in the East China Sea. China Ocean Press, Beijing, pp. 219-218.
Lynch‐Stieglitz, J., Stocker, T.F., Broecker, W.S., Fairbanks, R.G., 1995. The influence of air‐sea exchange on the isotopic composition of oceanic carbon: Observations and modeling. Global Biogeochemical Cycles 9, 653-665.
Matsumoto, K., Oba, T., Lynch-Stieglitz, J., Yamamoto, H., 2002. Interior hydrography and circulation of the glacial Pacific Ocean. Quaternary Science Reviews 21, 1693-1704.
Monnin, E., Indermühle, A., Dällenbach, A., Flückiger, J., Stauffer, B., Stocker, T.F., Raynaud, D., Barnola, J.-M., 2001. Atmospheric CO2 concentrations over the last glacial termination. Science 291, 112-114.
Mulitza, S., Arz, H., Kemle-von Mücke, S., Moos, C., Niebler, H.-S., Pätzold, J., Segl, M., 1999. The South Atlantic carbon isotope record of planktic foraminifera, Use of Proxies in Paleoceanography. Springer, pp. 427-445.
Ortiz, J., Mix, A., Rugh, W., Watkins, J., Collier, R., 1996. Deep-dwelling planktonic foraminifera of the northeastern Pacific Ocean reveal environmental control of oxygen and carbon isotopic disequilibria. Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta 60, 4509-4523.
Pahnke, K., Zahn, R., 2005. Southern Hemisphere water mass conversion linked with North Atlantic climate variability. Science 307, 1741-1746.
Pflaumann, U., Jian, Z., 1999. Modern distribution patterns of planktonic foraminifera in the South China Sea and western Pacific: a new transfer technique to estimate regional sea-surface temperatures. Marine Geology 156, 41-83.
Qu, T., Lukas, R., 2003. The Bifurcation of the North Equatorial Current in the Pacific*. Journal of Physical Oceanography 33, 5-18.
Ravelo, A., Fairbanks, R., 1992. Oxygen isotopic composition of multiple species of planktonic foraminifera: Recorders of the modern photic zone temperature gradient. Paleoceanography 7, 815-831.
Russell, A.D., Spero, H.J., 2000. Field examination of the oceanic carbonate ion effect on stable isotopes in planktonic foraminifera. Paleoceanography 15, 43-52.
Shackleton, N., 1967. Oxygen isotope analyses and Pleistocene temperatures re-assessed. Nature 215, 15-17.
Spero, H.J., Bijma, J., Lea, D.W., Bemis, B.E., 1997. Effect of seawater carbonate concentration on foraminiferal carbon and oxygen isotopes. Nature 390, 497-500.
Spero, H.J., Lea, D.W., 1993. Intraspecific stable isotope variability in the planktic foraminifera Globigerinoides sacculifer Results from laboratory experiments. Marine Micropaleontology 22, 221-234.
Spero, H.J., Lea, D.W., 2002. The cause of carbon isotope minimum events on glacial terminations. Science 296, 522-525.
Spero, H.J., Mielke, K.M., Kalve, E.M., Lea, D.W., Pak, D.K., 2003. Multispecies approach to reconstruvting eastern equatorial Pacific thermocline hydrography during the past 360 kyr. Paleoceanography 18, 1022, doi:1010.1029/2002PA000814.
Thompson, W.G., Goldstein, S.L., 2005. Open-system coral ages reveal persistent suborbital sea-level cycles. Science 308, 401-404.
Ujiié, Y., Ujiié, H., Taira, A., Nakamura, T., Oguri, K., 2003. Spatial and temporal variability of surface water in the Kuroshio source region, Pacific Ocean, over the past 21,000 years: evidence from planktonic foraminifera. Marine Micropaleontology 49, 335-364.
Urey, H.C., 1947. The thermodynamic properties of isotopic substances. Journal of the Chemical Society (Resumed), 562-581.
Urey, H.C., Lowenstam, H.A., Epstein, S., McKinney, C.R., 1951. Measurement of paleotemperatures and temperatures of the Upper Cretaceous of England, Denmark, and the southeastern United States. Geological Society of America Bulletin 62, 399-416.
Wolf-Gladrow, D.A., Bijma, J., Zeebe, R.E., 1999. Model simulation of the carbonate chemistry in the microenvironment of symbiont bearing foraminifera. Marine Chemistry 64, 181-198.
Xiang, R., Sun, Y., Li, T., Oppo, D.W., Chen, M., Zheng, F., 2007. Paleoenvironmental change in the middle Okinawa Trough since the last deglaciation: Evidence from the sedimentation rate and planktonic foraminiferal record. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 243, 378-393.
Xu, X., Yamasaki, M., Oda, M., Honda, M.C., 2005. Comparison of seasonal flux variations of planktonic foraminifera in sediment traps on both sides of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan. Marine Micropaleontology 58, 45-55.
Yu, H., Liu, Z., Berné, S., Jia, G., Xiong, Y., Dickens, G.R., Wei, G., Shi, X., Liu, J.P., Chen, F., 2009. Variations in temperature and salinity of the surface water above the middle Okinawa Trough during the past 37kyr. Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology 281, 154-164.
Zhu, X.H., Park, J.H., Kaneko, I., 2005. The northeastward current southeast of the Ryukyu Islands in late fall of 2000 estimated by an inverse technique. Geophysical research letters 32.
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:校內校外完全公開 unrestricted
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available


紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code