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博碩士論文 etd-0810104-125427 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0810104-125427
論文名稱
Title
由烏賊骨片輪紋推算成長曲線之方法探討
Establishing growth formula from cuttlebone stripes
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
52
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2004-07-22
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2004-08-10
關鍵字
Keywords
甘培茲方程式.、骨片、輪紋帶長、成長方程式、輪紋外緣長
cuttlebone, length of striped margin, Gompertz formula, growth formula, striped area length
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
頭足類 (Cephalopods) 動物的生活史長久以來困擾著世界上的海洋生物學家, 漁業專家在管理魷魚資源時亦遭遇到許多困難。由於缺乏穏定的年齡形質,使得頭足類的成長方程式目前仍多數不清楚。在解剖學上,烏賊骨片 (cuttlebone) 上的輪紋層 (stripe layers) 在胚胎發育過程中類似双枚貝的外殼,應可提供年齡形質的資訊,但由於未知的原因,這方面的學術探討為數甚少。
本研究以骨片表面上的輪紋數代表日齡,以本托蘭斐 (von Bertalanffy, VBGF) 或甘培茲 (Gompertz) 成長方程式來推定其可能之成長模式。設計Visual Basic程式並整合AutoCAD軟體,成為量測虎斑烏賊 (Sepia pharaonic Ehrenberg, 1831) 個別骨片輪紋外緣長 (length of stripe margin, LSM, ') 及輪帶長 (stripe area length, SAL, ) 之半自動化測量系統,骨片數 (n = 21)。結果顯示:烏賊之成長尚在加速階段,並不適用傳統漁業所用之VBGF。本研究使用上述形質當作體長之指標,成功推算出甘培茲成長方程式分別為:
= 30.00*exp(-3.73*exp(-0.012*t))
' = 23.18*exp(-4.27*exp(-0.015*t))
又求得體長與年齡形質之功能性迴歸方程式 (Functional regression equation) 如下:
= - 1.26842+0.772872*
= - 0.78286+0.629736*
用來換算SAL (或LSM) 與體長(L)間的關係。
不管以SAL或LSM,皆看不出有李氏現象(Lee’s phenomenon)存在,顯示虎斑烏賊的死亡率並不因體形的改變而有顯著性的不同。季節性的變化亦不明顯。
期待以本研究在技術與理論上之初步探討,能夠對烏賊族群生物的知識多一些瞭解。
Abstract
Natural life history of cephalopods have been puzzling marine biologists for a long time. Fishery scientists also met with great difficulty in managing resources of squids as well as cuttlefishes. The lack of the accurate equation defining growth through time is one of the major reasons. This was due mainly to no stable characteristic for age determinations. It was known that in anatomy, stripe layers of cuttlebone are similar in embryonic development as shells of the bivalve, which has been used for age determinations.
This study suggested that by taking the stripe marks on the bottom surface of the cuttlebone as quasi-daily-aging characters, it is possible to define the trend of growth of cuttlefish by (either a von Bertalanffy or Gompertz) growth equation. A semi-automatic computer processing system was designed and organized to measure the stripe area lengths (SAL) and lengths of stripe margin (LSM) for all stripe marks upon individual cuttlebone (analogous to scale reading in fishery research for the same purpose) of (Sepia pharaonic Ehrenberg,1831). A total of 21 cuttlebones were measured and the data analyzed. It appeared that the growth of the cuttlefishes are still on the stage of acceleration, and is not suitable to be represented by the VBGF curve traditionally used. Using SAL= and LSM= ' as length indicators respectively, two Gompertz growth equations were respectively estimated as followed.
= 30.00*exp[-3.73*exp(-0.012*t)]
' = 23.18*exp[-4.27*exp(-0.015*t)]
Two functional linear regression formulas were also prepared as:
= -1.2684 + 0.7729 * L
' = -0.7829 + 0.6297 * L
The above formulas can be used for the transformation between SAL (or LAM) and body length.
The well-known Rosa Lee’s phenomenon was not found either based on the character of SAL or LSM, implying that during the trend of growing, the mortality of Sepia pharaonic were not significantly different among different sizes of organisms.
It was expected that with this breakthrough in technique and theory, additional knowledge on the populations biology of cuttlefish can be known in more detail.
目次 Table of Contents
章次 頁數
中文摘要……………………………………………………………….………………..i
英文摘要……………………………………………………………….…………….....ii
目錄………………………………………………………………………………..…...iv
表目錄………………………………………………………………………………......v
圖目錄………………………………………………………………………………….vi
1 前言………………………………………………………..…………………...….…1
2 材料與方法
2-1 實驗材料……..………………………………………………………………...4
2-2 測量方法與系統整合……………………………………….......................…..5
2-3 統計與分析……………………….………………............................................6
3結果
3-1以最大輪紋外緣長及最大輪帶長與極限體長值之換算關係………………..8
3-2 成長方程式分析……………………………………………….……………....8
  3-3a以輪紋外緣長推算成長方程式及成長曲線………………………………..10
3-3b以輪紋帶長推算成長方程式及成長曲線………………….……………….11
3-4 李氏現象……………………………………………………………………...11
3-5季節性變化…………………………………………………………...……….12
4 討論…………………………………………….………………………..……..…...13
5 結論…………………………………………………….……………………..…….16
6 參考文獻………………………………………………………………………..…..17
附錄……………………………………….………......................………………….41




表目錄
表 1. 使用材料烏賊骨片大小記錄。………………………………….……………21
表 2. 實測之骨片輪紋外緣長與其最大輪紋外緣長表。…………….....................22
表 3. 實測之骨片輪紋帶長與其最大輪紋帶長表。……………………………… 23
表 4. 利用輪紋外緣長推算甘培茲成長方程式之參數表。………..……………...24
表 5. 利用輪紋帶長推算甘培茲成長方程式之參數表。..………….……………..25
表6. 骨片上不同輪紋之實測外緣長與其最大值之迴歸關係。…………………..26
表7. 骨片上不同輪紋之實測紋帶長與其最大值之迴歸關係。…………………..27


























圖目錄
圖1.烏賊骨片上的輪紋外緣長與輪帶長及體長測量圖示。……...………………...28
圖2.以骨片清晰完整之輪紋外緣長當第一條逐一往內複製疊合圖。……………..29
圖3.將欲計算之圖層以wblock指令整合成單一圖層圖。….…………………...…30
圖4.以骨片之外緣長、輪帶長為體長指標進行Ford – Walford解析。…………...31
圖5.以平均外緣長及平均紋帶長為體長指標進行Ford –Walford解析。…………..32
圖6.以取對數之骨片外緣長、輪帶長為體長指標進行Ford – Walford解析。…...33
圖7.實測之輪紋外緣長、輪帶長與其體長間迴歸關係圖。……………………….34
圖8.由骨片輪紋外緣長與輪紋數推算成長曲線之各參數分布直方圖。…………35
圖9.由骨片輪紋帶長與輪紋數推算成長曲線之各參數分布直方圖。…………....36
圖10.骨片輪紋外緣長與輪紋數推算之成長曲線圖。…………..………………....37
圖11.骨片輪紋帶長與輪紋數推算之成長曲線圖。…………………………..........38
圖12.以個別輪紋外緣長與其最大值間的關係圖。……………………………......39
圖13.以個別輪紋帶長與其最大值間的關係圖。………..………….……...……....40
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