本論文比較研究台灣南部南灣海域五種孵育幼生型珊瑚，即尖枝列孔珊瑚Seriatopora hystrix、萼柱珊瑚Stylophora pistillata、細枝鹿角珊瑚Pocillopora damicornis、束形真葉珊瑚Euphyllia glabrescens和圓管星珊瑚Tubastraea aurea釋放幼生的季節性、月週期與日夜週期。五種珊瑚於每個月農曆月初採集一次；珊瑚群體各別放在戶外流水式水箱中，以浮游生物網收集珊瑚幼生，每日或每小時清點紀錄幼生數目與釋放幼生之群體數。
在季節性方面，五種珊瑚一年12個月都有釋放幼生，可能與南灣海域水溫終年溫暖有關。其中萼柱珊瑚於夏末秋初釋放幼生數量稀少，顯示其生殖活動可能隨著季節變化而有所改變。
在月週期方面可分成三種生殖策略：(1)尖枝列孔珊瑚與細枝鹿角珊瑚釋放幼生不但有明顯的月週期，而且釋放幼生的高峰會隨著月份而移動，由冬季至夏季期間，高峰從滿月前後轉變至上弦月前後；再由夏季至冬季期間，高峰從上弦月前後轉變至滿月前後，而此變動形成一個完整的年週期，原因可能與海水溫度影響配子發育和胚胎速度與夏季期間湧升流所造成的降溫有關。(2)萼柱珊瑚釋放幼生也有明顯的月週期，並且釋放幼生的高峰維持穩定發生在滿月大潮前後而可能有助於幼生散佈。(3)束形真葉珊瑚與圓管星珊瑚釋放幼生高峰由冬季發生在滿月至新月期間，轉變為夏季發生在新月至滿月期間。
在日夜週期方面也可分成三種生殖策略：(1)尖枝列孔珊瑚與萼柱珊瑚有明顯的日夜週期，釋放幼生週期的同步性高，而且釋放時間集中在天亮前後。(2)細枝鹿角珊瑚和束形真葉珊瑚，一整天都有少量幼生釋放，但是有兩個高峰，分別發生在天黑後與天亮前。幼生釋放集中在天黑，可能有助於減少其被掠食者捕食的風險，而天亮前後釋放幼生則可能具有獲得光線，因而提供適合基質的線索使幼生著苗，有利於減少幼生滯留水體時間和在親代礁區附近著苗。(3)無共生藻的圓管星珊瑚，一整天都釋放幼生而沒有日夜週期性。這些結果顯示共生藻可能有調節幼生釋放日夜週期的作用。

The seasonality, lunar and diurnal periodicity of planulation of five scleractinian corals, Seriatopora hystrix, Stylophora pistillata, Pocillopora damicornis, Euphyllia glabrescens and Tubastraea aurea, were compared. Corals were collected monthly and maintained in outdoor, flow-through systems to quantify the number of larvae released.
Planulation of the five species occurred throughout the year. The long period of reproduction may be related to the warm mean seawater temperature in Nanwan Bay. S. pistillata released few larvae during late summer and early fall, suggesting the seasonality of reproduction.
The pattern of lunar cycle can be classified into three strategies: (1) Planulation of S. hystrix and P. damicornis showed clear lunar periodicity and the peak of larval release shifted with different months. The peak of planulation occurred around the full moon in winter then shifted gradually to the first quarter moon phase in summer. The phase shift of larval release may be related to the seasonal variation of seawater temperature and the sudden temperature drops caused by upwelling. (2) Planulation of S. pistillata showed clear lunar periodicity and the peak of larval release occurred around the full moon. This may promote the larval dispersal. (3) E. glabrescens and T. aurea showed clearly lunar periodicity and the peak of larval release changed with different months. The peak of planulation shifted from full moon to new moon during winter and spring while it shifted from new moon to full moon during summer and fall.
The pattern of diurnal cycle also can be classified into three strategies: (1) Planulation of S. hystrix and S. pistillata revealed a well-defined diurnal pattern with most planulae being released close to sunrise. (2) P. damicornis and E. glabrescens released larvae throughout the day, with two peaks occurring in the early morning and in the night. Corals of all three pocilloporids and E. glabrescens timed larvae release relative to the light-dark cycle suggesting that diurnal cycle determined when larvae were released. Larvae released in the dark may have lower risk of predation effect. Furthermore, the peak planulation occurred close to sunrise may be advantageous for some mature larvae to have light cues for quick settlement within the natal reef. (3) The azooxanthellate coral T. aurea released larvae throughout the day with no apparent cycle. These results suggest that zooxanthellae may play a role in regulating the diurnal cycle.

一、前言 1
二、材料與方法 4
三、結果 7
四、討論 12
五、參考文獻 18

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