行星齒輪式自動變速器廣泛的運用於車輛中，行星齒輪式自動變速器具有
構造緻密、體積小、高減速比等優點，藉由更換不同的離合器或制動器可以得到
不同的輸出轉速。對於行星齒輪式自動變速器的專利非常的多，但大部分專利趨
勢趨向於三自由度行星齒輪系或者使用內嵌式離合器制動器等複雜的構型。若能
在同樣多速，相同轉速比的前提下，使用製造和控制上相對簡單的二自由度變速
機構和外部離合器制動器，將會是變速機構比較好的選擇。故本論文提出一套針
對二自由度並排式行星齒輪式自動變速器的設計流程並使用電腦輔助設計。首先
建立可達到八速自動變速器的比例數線圖，拆解比例數線圖所有可能的三點數
線，將四組不同三點數線組合得到所有可能構行，利用直接數碼法得到構件編號
數碼，判斷構型配置制動器離合器的可能。剔除不能配置的構型，建立可配置構
行資料庫，最後給定轉速比，剔除不符合限制範圍基本齒數比的構型，並繪製可
用之構行簡圖。將簡圖依齒數設計利用繪圖軟體實體化。
關鍵詞：行星齒輪式自動變速器、比例圖畫、直接數碼法、構件編號數碼、離合
器配置

Epicyclic-type automatic transmissions are used in automobiles widely. There
are many advantages of epicyclic-type automatic transmissions. It is composed more
densely, smaller and provide higher gear ratio. We can get different output speed by
actuating different clutches or brakes. There are a lot of patents for epicyclic-type
automatic transmissions, but most of them tends to be three degrees of freedom
automatic transmissions or using embedded clutches or brakes and other complex
constructions. It is a better choice if we could use relatively simple manufacturing and
control of two degrees of freedom and external clutches and brakes in the same multi
speeds, speed ratio of the same premise. Therefore, this study aims to propose a set
of design process for two degrees of freedom parallel-connected epicyclic gear
automatic transmissions and computerize the process. First, we established the lever
diagram for eight-speed automatic transmissions. By decomposing lever diagrams to
all possible three-point lines, then composing four different lines to get all possible
eight-speed automatic transmission constructions. Then, we use direct-member
-number method to get member number of all constructions. Determining the
possibility of configuring clutches and brakes, excluding the construction
which can’t configure the clutch and brake, establish the database can be configured.
Finally, we determine a speed ratio for the eight-speed automatic
transmissions, excluding the constructions doesn’t match the appropriate gear ratios.
Drawing the diagram which comply the restriction for eight-speed automatic
transmissions.
Keywords: automatic transmission, lever diagram, direct-member-number method,
member number, configuration of clutches

摘要................................................................................................................................ I
Abstract ......................................................................................................................... II
目錄.............................................................................................................................. III
圖目錄....................................................................................................................... VI
表目錄.......................................................................................................................... XIV
第一章 前言................................................................................................................ 1
1-1 文獻回顧 .............................................................................................................. 1
1-2 研究動機與目的 .................................................................................................. 4
1-3 論文架構 .............................................................................................................. 5
第二章 基本概念........................................................................................................ 6
2-1 行星齒輪系 .......................................................................................................... 6
2-2 行星齒輪式自動變速器 ..................................................................................... 7
2-2-1 依據行星齒輪機構分類 .............................................................................. 7
2-2-2 依據配置方式分類 .................................................................................... 11
2-2-3 依據制動器的位置分類 ............................................................................ 14
2-3 比例圖畫法 ........................................................................................................ 15
2-3-1 比例數線合成 ............................................................................................ 16
2-4 平面圖畫表示法與縮圖 .................................................................................. 19
2-5 行星齒輪系自動變速器設計流程 ................................................................. 22
2-6 結語............................................................................................................... 25
第三章 基本理論...................................................................................................... 26
3-1 拓樸等價 ......................................................................................................... 26
3-2 鄰接矩陣 ......................................................................................................... 28
3-3 繪製縮圖方法 ................................................................................................. 28
3-4 直接數碼法 ..................................................................................................... 30
3-5 槓桿比例圖 ..................................................................................................... 42
3-6 結語 ................................................................................................................. 45
第四章 八速自動變速器設計.................................................................................. 47
4-1 完整構件編號數碼 ......................................................................................... 47
4-2 離合器制動器配置流程 ................................................................................. 50
4-3 數碼還原簡圖 ................................................................................................. 51
4-4 設計實例 ......................................................................................................... 54
4-5 電腦輔助可配置結果 ..................................................................................... 66
4-6 構型篩選 ......................................................................................................... 73
4-7 結語 ................................................................................................................. 84
第五章 並排式行星齒輪自動變速器實體化.......................................................... 86
5-1 設計規格 ......................................................................................................... 86
5-2 齒數設計 ......................................................................................................... 87
5-3 繪製實體圖流程 ............................................................................................. 91
5-4 實體化 ............................................................................................................. 97
5-5 結語 ............................................................................................................... 103
第六章 結論與建議................................................................................................ 104
參考文獻.................................................................................................................... 106
附錄一 I、II 型制動器不需從主軸繞出構型數碼............................................... 110
附錄二 III、IV 型制動器不需從主軸繞出構型數碼 .......................................... 111

[1] Gott. G. P., Changing gears: the development of the automotive transmission,
Society of Automotive Engineers International, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, 1991.
[2] Bissell, T. A., “Trends in design of 1940 cars,” SAE paper 390177, January 1939.
[3] Ravigneaux .P, “Gear box with freewheeling gear,” US patent no. 2195783,1940.
[4] Wagnere, G., “Application of transmission systems for different driveline
configurations in passenger cars,” SAE 2001 World Congress Detroit, Michigan,
March 5-8, 2001. (SAE paper 2001-01-0882)
[5] Lepelletier, P. A. G., “Multispeed automatic transmission for automobile
vehicles”, US patent no. 5106352, 1992.
[6] Wilfinger, E. and Thompson, J., “Borg-Warner Australia model 85 automatic
transmission,” SAE paper 880480, 1988.
[7] Shinohara, M., Shibayama, T., Ohtsuka, K., Nawata, K. and Ishii, S., “Nissan
electronically controlled four-speed automatic transmission,” SAE paper 890530,
1989.
[8] Martin, B. and Redinger, B. M., “42LE electronic four-speed automatic
transaxle,” SAE Transactions, Journal of Passenger Cars: Mechanical Systems,
Vol. 102, pp. 1046-1068, 1993. (SAE paper 930671)
[9] Ozaki, K., Yokoyama, F., Kuwayama, Y., Nishida, M., Iwatsuki, T. and Ando, M.,
“Aisin AW new four-speed automatic transmission for FWD vehicles,” SAE
paper 950674, 1995.
[10] Iwase, Y., Hasegawa, H., Onimaru, Y., Takemura, S. and Ishiguro, T.,
“Development of new Aisin transmission for medium duty truck and bus,” SAE
paper 942283, 1994.
[11] Phillips W. Andrew, Carey E. Clinton, Hart M. James, Wittkopp H. Scott
Raghavan Madhusudan, “8-speed transmission,” US patent no.7678009 B2,
2010.
[12] Kangsoo Seo, Suwon, “8-speed automatic transmission for a vehicle ,” US patent
no.7780566 B2, 2010.
[13] Martin Berthold, Collins C John, Streetman K Charles, “Eight-speed automatictransmission” US patent no.6752738B1,2004
[14] H. Ota, K. Nozaki, A. Honda, M. Kinoshita, T. Aoki, M. Todo and M. Iwase,
“Toyota’s World First 8-Speed Automatic Transmission for Passenger Cars,”
SAE paper no. 2007-01-1101, 2007.
[15] H. Scherer, M. Bek and S. Kilian, “ZF New 8-Speed Transmission 8HP70 - Base
Design and Hybridization,” SAE paper no. 2009-01-0510, 2009.
[16] 黃文敏與黃玉蓮，六速自動變速箱構造之設計，第三屆全國機構與機器設計
學術研討會論文集，2000。
[17] Hsu C. H. and R. H. Huang, “Design of parallel-connected epicyclic-type
automatic transmissions with two fundamental geared entities,” IMechE, Vol.
222 Part D, pp. 371-381, 2008.
[18] 黃瑞宏，行星齒輪式自動變速器之設計方法研究，國立中山大學機械與機電
工程研究所博士論文，2009。
[19] Buchsbaum, F. and Freudenstein, F., “Synthesis of kinematic structure of geared
kinematic chains and other mechanisms,” Journal of Mechanisms, Vol. 5, pp.
357-392, 1970.
[20] Hsu C. H., “Displacement Isomorphism of Planetary Gear Trains,” Mechanism
and Machine Theory, Vol. 29, No. 4, pp. 513-523, 1994.
[21] Hsu C. H., “Systematic enumeration of epicyclic gear mechanisms for
automotives,” JSME International Journal, Series C, Vol. 42, No. 1, pp.
225-233，1999.
[22] 楊智仁，五速車輛自動變速器之設計，碩士論文，國立中山大學機械工程研
究所，高雄市，2000
[23] 蘇百鍵，行星齒輪式汽車自動變速器之比例圖畫方法研究，碩士論文，國立
中山大學機械工程研究所，高雄市，2009。
[24] Willis, R., Principles of mechanism, Second edition, Longmans, Green and Co.,
London, 1870.
[25] Martin, G. H., Kinematics and dynamics of machines, Second edition,
McGraw-Hill, New York, pp. 286-295, 1982.
[26] Shuster, J., Clarence, A. O. and Harvey, B. J., “Nomogram gives quick estimate
of ratio and numbers of teeth for planetary drives,” Machine Design, July 7, pp.
147-149, 1960.
[27] Benford, H. L. and Leising, M. B., “The lever analogy: a new tool in
transmission analysis,” SAE paper 810102, 1981.
[28] Karmel, A. M., “A methodology for modeling the dynamics of the mechanical
paths of automotive drivetrains with automatic step-transmissions,” Proceedings
of the 1986 American Control Conference, Section WA9, pp. 279-284, 1986.
[29] 何國旗、李興華、王紹銀，多行星排並聯時傳動比計算方法研究，傳動技術，
第20 卷，第2 期，第13-18 頁，2006。
[30] 黃宗益、李興華，行星齒輪變速器分析方法，工程機械，第38 卷，第60-63
頁，2007。
[31] Hsieh, H. I. and Tsai, L. W., “Kinematic analysis of epicyclic-type transmission
mechanisms using the concept of fundamental geared entities,” Trans. ASME
Journal of Mechanical Design. , Vol. 118, pp. 294-299, 1996.
[32] 王南傑，並排式車輛行星齒輪變速器機構之設計，碩士論文，國立中山大學
機械工程研究所，高雄市，2009。
[33] B. A. Nadel, X. Wu and D. Kagen, ”Multiple Abstraction Levels in Automobile
Transmission Design: Constraint Satisfaction Formulations and
Implementations,” International Journal of Expert Systems, Vol.6, pp. 489-559,
1993.
[34] T. Oshidari, N. Hattori and Y. Morimoto, “A New Approach to Finding Optimum
Planetary Gear Trains for Automatic Transmissions,” SAE Technical Paper No.
930676, 1993.
[35] 陳正翰，行星齒輪式自動變速器之離合器配置方法，碩士論文，國立中山大
學機械工程研究所，高雄市，2009。
[36] Hsu C. H. , “An Analytic Methodology for the Kinematic Synthesis of Epicyclic
Gear Mechanisms,” ASME Journal of Mechanical Design, Vol. 124, pp. 574-576,
2002.
[37] Orthwein, W. C., ”Determination of gear ratios,” Trans, ASME, J. Mech. Des.,
Vol. 104, pp.775-777, 1982.
[38] H. Ota, K. Nozaki, A. Honda, M. Kinoshita, T. Aoki, M. Todo, M. Iwase,
“Toyota’s World First 8-Speed Automatic Transmission for Passenger Cars”,
SAE paper no. 2007-01-1101, 2007.
[39] H. Scherer, M. Bek, S. Kilian, “ZF New 8-Speed Transmission 8HP70 - Base
Design and Hybridization”, SAE paper no. 2009-01-0510, 2009.