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博碩士論文 etd-0812110-111312 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0812110-111312
論文名稱
Title
高效率紅光有機電激發光元件之光電特性探討
The Photo-electric Properties of High-efficiency Red Organic Light-Emitting Devices
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
116
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2010-07-13
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2010-08-12
關鍵字
Keywords
電洞捕捉、有機電激發光二極體、紅光螢光發光材料
OLED, DCJTB
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
在本研究中我們對4-(Dicyanomethylene)-2-t-butyl-6-(1,1,7,7- tetramethyljulolidyl-9-enyl)-4Hpyran簡稱DCJTB摻雜於8-hydroxy -quinoline aluminum Alq3中的行為做了電性的探討,在我們的實驗中,我們發現在此一發光層系統的元件中,不論我們使用任何原本在N,N_-bis_naphthalen-1-yl_-N,N_-bis_phenyl_-benzidine (NPB)/Alq3雙層結構的元件中可以增進效率的方法,如增進電子的傳輸速率或降低電洞傳輸層的電洞載子移動率,而我們在卻得不到此一紅光發光層系統有任何的增益。反而以變鍍率的方式得到了NPB較好的傳輸效率進而得到更高效率的紅光元件,再加上Hole-only與Electron-only device的研究中,我們了解到在此一發光層,對於電洞的傳輸是相當不利的。所以從綜合本研究的實驗結果我們推論到在Alq3摻雜了DCJTB的發光層,是一個電子濃度高於電洞濃度的環境,與原本的NPB/Alq3雙層結構的元件有所不同。再配合元件發光層的光學微共振腔對元件出光影響的研究,我們進一步的把元件最佳化,效率可高達7.4 cd/A、2.9 lm/w於(0.62, 0.38)的光色下。在實驗的最後,我們更引入了增光膜,讓我們的元件出光效率更好,也得到了超過50%的增益,也讓我們的元件效率達到10.8 cd/A的高效率紅光元件。
Abstract
We have investigated the electrical properties of red organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) featuring a conventional structure comprising N,N’-bis-(1-naphthl)-diphenyl -1,1’- biphenyl-4,4’-diamine (NPB) as the hole transporting layer (HTL) and 8-hydroxy -quinoline aluminum (Alq3) as the electron transporting layer (ETL). There are many methods for improving the efficiency of OLED with a configuration of ITO/NPB/Alq3/LiF/Al, such as increasing electron mobility of Alq3 or decreasing hole mobility of NPB. We can’t obtain such improvement of the efficiency in the OLEDs composing Alq3:DCJTB as the emitting layer. From the measurement of hole-only and electron-only devices, the electrical characteristics such as hole concentration is greatly changed after doped DCJTB to Alq3 as the emitting layer. In our study, we also found that the efficiency increased upon the decreasing the deposition rate of NPB, presumably because the improved packing of NPB enhanced the carrier mobility, which therefore improve the carrier recombination rate. We deduced that the emitting layer of the device will become electron rich when the Alq3 is doped by DCJTB. It means that if we want to improve the efficiency of the red OLED, with Alq3:DCJTB as the emitting layer, we have to increase the hole concentration in the device. A red OLED device having the configuration of ITO/NPB/Alq3/LiF/Al exhibited a current efficiency of 7.4 cd/A at 20 mA/cm2 with Commission International de l'Eclairage coordinates of (0.62, 0.38). The current efficiency reached to 10.8 cd/A by putting optical film, which is a 50% improvement.
目次 Table of Contents
誌謝...............................................................................................................I
中文摘要......................................................................................................II
Abstract.......................................................................................................III
總目錄.........................................................................................................IV
圖目錄........................................................................................................VII
表目錄..........................................................................................................XI
第一章 緒論..................................................................................................1
1-1 前言......................................................................................................1
1-2有機電激發光元件之發展簡介…..........................................................3
1-3有機電激發光元件結構..........................................................................6
1-4有機電激發光元件發光原理.................................................................9
1-5 有機電激發光元件材料介紹..............................................................13
1-5-1 電洞傳輸層(HTL)材料............................................................13
1-5-2 電子傳輸層(ETL)材料............................................................14
1-5-3 螢光發光材料簡介..................................................................15
1-5-3(a) 紅光材料..................................................................15
1-5-3(b) 綠光材料..................................................................18
1-5-3(C) 藍光材料.................................................................18
1-6 實驗動機..............................................................................................20
第二章 理論基礎.......................................................................................21
2-1 有機材料特性簡介…..........................................................................21
2-2有機電激發光能量轉移機制...............................................................24
2-2-1 輻射能量轉移(Radiative Energy Transfer) .............................24
2-2-2 非輻射能量轉移(Nonradiative Energy Transfer) ....................25
2-3 濃度淬熄效應…..................................................................................31
2-4 載子捕捉與載子散射........................................................................32
2-5有機電激發光元件之效率.................................................................37
2-6 發光顏色..........................................................................................39
第三章實驗分析儀器與製程步驟...........................................................42
3-1實驗材料、藥品簡介.........................................................................42
3-2 實驗設備簡介....................................................................................46
3-2-1 製程設備...................................................................................46
3-2-2量測儀器..................................................................................49
3-3 元件製作流程....................................................................................53
3-3-1 黃光製程..............................................................................53
3-3-2 ITO玻璃基板清洗...............................................................56
3-3-3 熱蒸鍍機蒸鍍有機薄膜......................................................56
3-3-4 元件封裝...............................................................................57
3-3-5 Hole only以及Electron only元件之製作…................................57
第四章 結果與討論.................................................................................59
4-1 元件電性分析....................................................................................59
4-1-1 材料特性...............................................................................59
4-1-2 元件最佳化..........................................................................60
4-1-3 發光層電性探討……………................................................69
4-1-4 不同電子傳輸層對元件的影響............................................73
4-1-5 Rubrene摻雜於電洞傳輸層對元件的影響..........................78
4-1-6 改變電洞傳輸能力對元件的影響........................................83
4-2 改變發光層位置對元件的影響........................................................88
第五章 結論.........................................................................96
參考文獻....................................................................................................97
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