隨著近年行動網路的蓬勃發展，使得人們越來越依賴行動網路。第四代行動通訊技術標準中，以長期演進技術升級版（LTE-A）之發展最為快速。LTE-A提出異質性網路（HetNets），以部建範圍較小之基地台舒緩熱點區域（hotspots）的流量問題。LTE的e-MBMS提供使用者加入相同的群播群組，讓使用者可隨心所欲的享受隨選視訊（VoD）及手機電視（Mobile TV）服務，為了確保相同群組之使用者皆能收看到視訊，基地台須因接收訊號狀況較差之使用者而降低群播的傳輸效率，使得訊號狀況較好的使用者無法接受更佳的多媒體品質。本研究提出HetNets中新群播資源分配方法，包含兩項方案，分別為同步訊號傳送及資源重複使用。同步訊號會在所有基地台使用相同訊號傳送相同群組，此方式依照訊號較差的使用者及群組人數決定分配順序，可在保證公平性的前提下決定最佳傳送順序；在資源重複方式中，若相同群組中，使用者分散於小基地台（pico eNodeB）與大基地台（macro eNodeB），則會使用不同的頻段傳送，小基地台可重複利用不會造成干擾，且已分配給其他小基地台的資源，此方式亦計算較佳的傳送順序，同時，能讓小基地台的資源利用率有效提升，因基地台邊緣用戶易造成整體傳輸效能降低，實驗中亦模擬若使用者通道狀況不佳且低於臨界值，基地台將拋棄該用戶以維持其他用戶的接收品質。模擬的結果顯示，同步傳送可保持高度的公平性，與MT相比至多增加50%的公平性；資源重複可讓小基地台中的使用者有更好的接收品質，與MT相比至多增加的14%接收狀況。提出的兩個方法皆有各自改善部分，可實現更佳的資源使用效率。

Development of Long Term Evolution Advanced (LTE-A) is the most rapid in the 4th generation of mobile telecommunications technology. For multimedia services over LTE-A Heterogeneous Networks, users can join the same video multicast group to receive the interesting video. To ensure that all users can receive the video, a lower transmission rate is needed to support satisfactory multicast service quality. Since, users at the cell-edge suffering larger path loss only have lower SINR, that leads to poor multicast efficiency. In this thesis, we propose two novel schemes to solve the resources allocation problem. One is Signal Synchronization scheme which uses the same frequency to transmit the same multicast groups in all cells. Signal Synchronization scheme uses Multicast Transmission Index that can decide the best transmission order for multicast groups to achieve a better fairness. The other scheme is Resource Reuse which provides the different resource frequency for the same multicast group’s users covered by pico eNodeBs and macro eNodeB. It can reuse the remaining resource allocated to other pico eNodeBs to achieve better resources’ utilization. Moreover, the discarding approach is used to improve the overall users’ video quality by discarding those users whose channel condition is worse than certain threshold. Experimental results show that Signal Synchronization scheme can maintain the great fairness. In comparison to MT, Signal Synchronization scheme can increase at most 50% in the fairness. Resource Reuse scheme can let users receive more video layers and increase at most 14% in video quality in comparison to MT. Both of proposed schemes can achieve efficient transmission performance.

學位論文審定書 i
誌謝 iii
摘要 iv
Abstract v
Table of Contents vi
List of Figures vii
List of Tables ix
Chapter 1. Introduction 1
Chapter 2. Background Materials 5
2.1 Long Term Evolution (LTE) 5
2.1.1 Transmission architecture 6
2.1.2 System’s architecture 7
2.2 Radio Resource Management (RRM) 8
2.2.1 Common scheduling methods 9
2.3 Channel Model 10
2.4 Evolved Multimedia Broadcast Multicast Service (e-MBMS) 10
2.5 Heterogeneous Networks (HetNets) 11
Chapter 3. Related work 14
Chapter 4. Proposed Method 17
4.1 Signal Synchronization Scheme 22
4.2 Resource Reuse Scheme 26
Chapter 5. Simulation 35
5.1 Deployment of Pico eNodeBs in the edge of the macro eNodeB 36
5.2 Deployment of Pico eNodeBs in the hotspot 45
Chapter 6. Conclusion 51
References 52

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