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博碩士論文 etd-0813104-142851 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0813104-142851
論文名稱
Title
混合自動重傳要求演算法之研究
A Study on Hybrid Automatic Repeat Request Algorithm
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
109
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2004-07-20
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2004-08-13
關鍵字
Keywords
混合自動重傳要求、渦輪碼、自動重傳要求
Turbo Code, ARQ, Hybrid ARQ
統計
Statistics
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中文摘要
在錯誤控制系統中有兩個重要的技術,自動要求重傳和順向錯誤更正碼。一般的自動要求重傳技術是利用冗餘僅作錯誤的偵錯,一旦偵測出錯誤,接收機就會請求發射機重傳發生錯誤的資料,而先前錯誤的接收結果就完全被捨棄,即時錯誤的傳送結果仍然帶有資訊成分。自動要求重傳技術需要有迴授通道。順向錯誤更正碼是利用冗餘來偵錯及更正錯誤。不管是否成功解回資料,接收機不會對接收機有另外的處理動作。因此,順向錯誤更正碼只需要單向的連結。在順向錯誤更正碼方面,有一個強大的順向錯誤更正碼,渦輪碼,在1993年首先被提出,有著接近謝農極限的優越性能。
經由適當地結合自動要求重傳與順向錯誤更正後的混合自動重傳協定,可分成第一類、第二類和第三類,其性能就比單純自動要求重傳技術提升許多。混合自動重傳協定是利用順向錯誤控制來偵測並更正資料在傳遞過程中所造成的錯誤,在錯誤無法更正時,接收機就使用自動要求重傳機制要求發射機重傳相關的資料,以達無錯誤的傳輸。
本論文主要針對第二類混合自動重傳協定提出適當的演算法,同時利用電腦模擬來進行系統性能評估與探討。與一般的混合自動重傳協定比較之下,新的演算法能提供較低的重傳次數與延遲並具有相近的吞吐量。
Abstract
There are two important techniques, automatic repeat request (ARQ) and forward error control (FEC), in error control systems. ARQ uses redundancy for detecting errors. While an error is detected in a transmitted code word, the receiver requests the transmitter to re-transmit the corrupted code word and the transmitted code word with detected error is discarded. However, the transmitted code word with detected error still contains a lot of information. ARQ schemes require a feedback channel. FEC relies on the controlled use of redundancy in the transmitted code word to detect and correct errors. Whether the decoding of the received code word is successful, no further processing is performed at the receiver. Therefore, FEC requires only a one-way link between the transmitter and receiver. In error control systems, a powerful FEC, turbo coding, was first proposed in 1993. Its performance was investigated by simulation to be close to the Shannon limit.
Hybrid ARQ (HARQ) systems after properly combining the ARQ techniques and FEC techniques, can be classified into type-I, type-II and type-III, and its performance can be elevated far more than ARQ systems. HARQ adopts the FEC methods to detect and correct the error patterns caused in the process of transmission. While errors are detected in the demodulated signals at receiver and fail to be corrected, the receiver will activate ARQ mechanism to request the transmitter to retransmit related information to achieve an error-free transmission.
In this thesis, a feasible type-II hybrid ARQ algorithm is proposed. Performance of the proposed algorithm is evaluated and analyzed by computer simulations. Compared with the traditional HARQ algorithms, the proposed algorithm can offer better performance in delay time and number of retransmissions with approximate throughput.
目次 Table of Contents
誌 謝 i
摘 要 ii
ABSTRACT iii
目 錄 iv
第一章 簡 介 1
1.1研究動機 1
1.2各章提要 2
第二章 渦輪碼調變系統 4
2.1渦輪碼 4
2.1.1渦輪編碼器 4
2.1.2交織器 6
2.1.3 渦輪解碼器 7
2.2 渦輪碼調變 12
2.2.1渦輪調變發射機 12
2.2.2渦輪調變接收機 13
2.2.2.1 QPSK 14
2.2.2.2 16QAM 16
2.2.2.3 資料位元能量的變化 18
第三章 混合自動重傳系統 20
3.1 傳統自動重傳 20
3.1.1停止等待重傳 20
3.1.2回送n重傳 21
3.1.3選擇性重傳 22
3.2 混合自動重傳協定 24
3.2.1 第一類混合自動重傳 24
3.2.2第二類混合自動重傳 26
3.3 混合自動重傳結合渦輪碼相關方法 28
3.4 混合自動重傳結合渦輪碼改善機制 30
3.4.1 通道評估方法 33
第四章 無線傳輸通道模型 37
4.1 無線電波特性 37
4.2 無線通道特性 38
4.2.1通道衰褪特性 38
4.2.2都卜勒效應 41
4.3 通道模擬方法 42
4.3.1通道電腦模擬 44
第五章 系統模擬 49
5.1 渦輪碼模擬 49
5.2 渦輪調變系統模擬 50
5.2.1反覆解碼次數對渦輪碼的影響 51
5.2.2 調變模式對渦輪碼的影響 53
5.2.3 編碼率對渦輪碼的影響 54
5.2.4 區塊交織器大小對渦輪碼的影響 55
5.2.5不同fmTs乘積對渦輪碼的影響 57
5.3 重傳機制在高斯雜訊通道的模擬 59
5.3.1單一重傳模式在高斯雜訊通道 60
5.3.2結合多個重傳模式在高斯雜訊通道 67
5.3.2.1單一門限值 67
5.3.2.2兩個門限值 74
5.4 自動重傳機制在衰褪通道的模擬 83
5.4.1單一重傳模式在衰褪通道 83
5.4.2結合多個重傳模式在衰褪通道 91
5.4.2.1結合多個重傳模式在fmTs=0.01衰褪通道 91
5.4.2.2結合多個重傳模式在fmTs=0.1衰褪通道 97
5.5 風險指標 101
第六章 結論 106
參考文獻 107
參考文獻 References
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