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博碩士論文 etd-0814103-090944 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0814103-090944
論文名稱
Title
青少年醫療服務利用行為及其影響因素之研究─以台南縣國中生為例
Factors associated with adolescent's behavior of health service utilization:A study of junior high school students in Tainan.
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
84
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2003-07-22
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2003-08-14
關鍵字
Keywords
醫療服務利用行為模式、醫療服務利用、青少年
adolescent, behavior model of health service utilization, health services utilization
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5705 次,被下載 12063
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5705 times, has been downloaded 12063 times.
中文摘要
青少年期乃是介於兒童期與成人期之間非常重要的過渡階段,由於身心之快速變化,容易出現身體、心理及社會層面的問題。因此,提供青少年完善之醫療保健相關服務相當重要。而了解影響青少年醫療服務利用行為之相關因素,方能適切地提供完善的青少年保健服務。

本研究主要希望能夠瞭解青少年的醫療服務利用行為及其服務利用的情形,綜合相關文獻的論述與青少年健康問題的瞭解,依據Andersen的醫療服務利用行為模式作為本研究架構的基礎,探討傾向因素、能用因素及需要因素影響青少年的醫療服務利用情形。本研究以就讀於台南縣公私立國中的學生為對象,採簡單隨機抽樣選取7所學校全面施測,共發出3591份問卷,回收有效樣本1989份,回收率達55.39%。

本研究採用變異數分析及t檢定來檢視青少年醫療服務利用行為之差異情形,並使用複迴歸分析來探討青少年醫療服務利用行為之影響因素。研究結果發現:
一、不同年級的國中生,其醫療服務利用行為有顯著的差異,二、三年級學生的醫療服務利用次數均較一年級為高。
二、21%的國中生曾有住院經驗;12%的國中生曾有開刀經驗。曾有住院或開刀經驗者,其平均醫療服務利用次數較無經驗者高。
三、具有全民健保身份、其他醫療保險者較沒有全民健保、沒有其他醫療保險者之醫療服務利用次數高。
四、自覺健康問題與醫療服務利用行為之關係方面,青少年若是覺得自己生理健康與青春期發育的問題愈嚴重,則醫療服務利用次數愈多。此外,情緒問題則與醫療服務利用次數呈現負向關係。

本研究提出建議如后。首先,應依青少年的醫療需求,於地區醫院以上層級之醫療機構,普遍設置青少年保健門診,將可提高青少年就醫的可近性;第二,提倡家庭醫師制度,落實連續性且完整性的醫療照護。再者,應在學校的衛生教育中,培養青少年正確的就醫與利用觀念,使具備分級就診的概念,於適當的地點做適當的醫療處置,奠定學生預防醫學與落實健康促進之基礎。最後,建議衛生或教育單位加強青少年情緒管理的能力,以協助其發現自我情緒的健康狀況問題,並及早透過青少年保健門診的心理諮商服務,獲得適當的醫療照護。
Abstract
Adolescence is a very important transition stage between childhood and adulthood. In this stage, due to rapid change physically and mentally, adolescents are more likely to occur physical, psychological, and social problems. Therefore, providing adolescents fine health service is critical. To do so, having a better understanding of the factors associated with health service utilization can help a lot.
The main purpose of this study is to understand adolescents’ behavior of health service utilization. Based on Andersen’s behavior model of health service utilization, this study investigated the associations of predisposing characteristics, enabling resource characteristics, and needing characteristics with health service utilization of adolescents. The data used in these analyses were drawn from students in junior high schools of Tainan Providence, of which seven schools were randomly selected and then anonymous questionnaires were distributed to all students. 2,242 of 3,591 students were collected, for a response rate of 55.39%, and the final sample was 1,989.
ANOVA and t test were employed to examine health service utilization of adolescents, and multiple regression was used to investigate the factors associated with health service utilization. Several results were found in this study as follows:
First, significant differences did exist among junior high students, which indicated that second graders and third graders went to see doctors more times than first graders did.
Second, there were 21% and 12% of respondents with experience of hospitalization and operation respectively. Students with hospitalization and operation experience utilized more health services.
Third, students with national health insurance were more likely to utilize health services than those without national health insurance.
Last, with regard to the relationship between self-perception of health status and health service utilization, the more respondents perceived themselves with problem of physical health or adolescent development, the more health services they utilized. In addition, the perception of emotional problem was negatively related to the utilization of health services.
Several suggestions are proposed. First, establish adolescent clinics in all hospitals that are in the level of district hospitals and above to improve medical accessibility. Second, advocate the system of family physician to emphasize continuity and integrity of health care. Moreover, design appropriate clinical education for adolescents to educate them with adequate concept of health care and health utilization, making them understand the idea of health gradient to receive the right treatment in the right place. Last but not least, the health and education administration should reinforce adolescents’ ability of emotional management, provide assistance for them to find out their emotional problems, and help them to receive appropriate health treatment through psychological consultation of adolescent clinics as soon as possible.
目次 Table of Contents
第一章 緒論
第一節 研究背景與動機------------------------------------------ 1
第二節 研究目的------------------------------------------------ 3
第二章 文獻探討
第一節 台灣青少年之健康照護------------------------------------ 5
第二節 醫療服務利用之理論架構---------------------------------- 15
第三節 醫療服務利用之實證研究---------------------------------- 26
第三章 研究方法
第一節 研究架構與研究假設-------------------------------------- 31
第二節 研究對象------------------------------------------------ 34
第三節 研究工具------------------------------------------------ 37
第四節 研究變項之操作性定義與測量------------------------------ 40
第五節 資料分析方法-------------------------------------------- 43
第六節 研究限制------------------------------------------------ 45
第四章 結果分析與討論
第一節 青少年醫療資源利用之概況-------------------------------- 46
第二節 青少年醫療服務利用行為的差異情形------------------------ 52
第三節 影響青少年醫療服務利用行為之相關因素探討-------------- 56
第四節 研究假設及驗證結果-------------------------------------- 67
第五章 結論與建議
第一節 結論---------------------------------------------------- 68
第二節 建議---------------------------------------------------- 71
參考文獻
中文文獻-------------------------------------------------------- 74
英文文獻-------------------------------------------------------- 78
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