本篇論文探討藉由切換無刷直流風扇馬達的線圈電流來控制轉速。對電腦而言，風扇是最普遍的冷卻裝置，安靜與效率高並且能夠隨溫度增加改變轉速的需求與日俱增。本篇論文提出具有雙迴路補償的混合線性與切換控制法則實現雙相無刷直流風扇馬達的控制器。線性控制(外迴路)主要目的是轉速控制，而切換控制(內迴路)則是產生切換控制力補償受控場使其整體穩定。此控制架構簡單外，其整體性能擁有高效率，低損耗，精確的轉速控制與抑制切換雜訊等。系統的性能和穩定性可以利用簡單得選擇控制器參數來達到目的。實驗結果發現在轉速1050~2231r.p.m控制範圍內，得平均穩態誤差0.563%。

This thesis is concerned with the speed control of a brushless DC (BLDC) fan motor by switching its coil currents. Because fans are the most common cooling devices for computers, the demand for a quit and efficient fan that is capable of automatically regulating its speed according to temperature grows with each passing day. A mixed linear and switching control scheme which consists of two loop of feedback compensation for a two-phase BLDC fan motor is presented. Roughly speaking, the linear outer loop is mainly for speed regulation, and the inner loop is to generate a switching control signal while doing plant compensation. This control structure is simple and effective, emphasizing on low power consumption, accurate velocity regulation and low switching noise. The performance and stability requirement can be easily met by tuning several positive coefficients in the controller. The experiment shows an average steady-state regulation error of 0.563% in the range of fan’s speed from 1050 to 2231 r.p.m.

第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究背景與現況 1
1.3 研究動機與目的 2
1.3.1 風扇轉速控制的必要性 2
1.4 內容大綱 3
第二章 風扇馬達基本介紹 4
2.1 無刷直流馬達之介紹 4
2.2 無刷直流馬達之構造 5
2.3 無刷直流馬達驅動原理與電路 6
2.3.1 霍爾感測器 7
2.3.2 霍爾感測器原理 9
2.3.3 無刷直流風扇馬達整體驅動架構 10
2.4 風扇速度控制方法 12
2.4.1 線性調節方法 12
2.4.2 DC-DC控制方法 12
2.4.3 脈波寬度調變方法 13
第三章 風扇馬達的轉速控制器設計 14
3.1 頻率電壓轉換電路(FVC) 15
3.1.1 頻率電壓轉換電路之實現 17
3.1.2 控制命令與轉速關係 19
3.2 系統識別 23
3.2.1 系統識別流程 23
3.2.2 利用系統識別建立受控場 25
3.3 控制系統與穩定度分析 29
3.3.1 順滑模態量化理論 29
3.3.2 輸入範圍分析 34
3.3.3 順滑模態量化的Noise-shaping特性 36
3.4 設計目標與混合控制器 37
3.4.1 內迴路切換控制 38
3.4.2 加入外迴路控制器後的快速穩定法則 43
3.4.3 權重 與 的選擇 45
第四章 模擬結果與硬體電路實現 48
4.1 內迴路切換控制模擬 48
4.1.1 整體控制器系統模擬 51
4.2 硬體電路實現 57
4.2.1 量測結果 60
4.2.2 開迴路PWM量測結果 63
4.3 噪音的量測 64
4.4 風扇速度控制方法總結 67
第五章 結論與未來展望 69

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