本研究以FLOW-3D計算流體力學(Computational Fluid Dynamics，CFD)軟體模擬跑道式微藻培養系統，研究對象為國立成功大學生物科技中心 微藻生技與工程實驗室位於成大安南校區水工試驗所的跑道式微藻培養系統。
研究內容主要分現場試驗與數值模擬兩部分:現場試驗為驗證FLOW-3D數值模擬的準確性並且調整相關參數設定。數值模擬則針對系統進行一系列的分析，如粒子徑線、上下游斷面平均能量損失、流場平均流速與水車能量轉換效率等。藉由各種渠道設計下的流場表現與水車能量損耗提供該跑道式微藻培養系統的優化建議，以做為日後改善工程與研究方向建議之參考。
經由本研究得知，該跑道式微藻培養系統因渠道設計規畫不良，彎道容易出現大面積的低流速死區而造成藻體堆積。經由本研究進行渠道的設計優化後，可望大幅降低死區覆蓋率提升藻體循環效率。
目前常用於跑道式微藻培養系統的造流水車為改良自養殖魚池的曝氣水車，能量轉換率約只有19 %。經由縮小水車葉片與底床間由目前7 cm之間距降至2 cm並且改善葉片角度呈45O後造流水車的能量轉換效率提升至26 %，雖然流場流況及死區縮減效果顯著，但是水車能量轉換效率仍舊偏低。
最後本研究建議，欲建置跑道式微藻養殖系統前應先進行數值模擬，以便找出該環境與設備限制下最佳的系統設計。日後可針對其他造流設施或其它形式之水車設計應用於跑道式微藻培養系統之效率進行研究。

The aim of this research is to use the FLOW-3D Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) software to simulate the raceway style microalgae cultivation system, which is built at Microalgae Biotechnology and Engineering Laboratory, located in Annan Campus, and conducted by the University Center of Bioscience and Biotechnology of National Cheng Kung University.
The content of research is mainly divided into two parts, i.e., field test and numerical simulation: The field test is to verify the accuracy of numerical simulation of FLOW-3D and to adjust the settings of CFD parameters. The numerical simulation is to conduct a series of analysis for the system, such as the pathlines of fluid particles, average energy losses for up- and down-streams’ ross-sections, mean velocity of flow field and energy conversion efficiency of waterwheel and so on. Based on the results of the flow patterns in the raceway channel and the efficiency of energy conversion of waterwheel, it could provide suggestions of the optimal design of the microalgae cultivation system and the direction of research.
The results of this research indicate that the curve of the raceway style microalgae cultivation system, due to poor design of channels, tends to have large areas of low-speed dead zones which cause the accumulation of algae. After conducting the design optimization of channels, it is expected to significantly reduce the coverage rate of dead zone and improve circulation efficiency of algae.
The waterwheel commonly used in the microalgae cultivation system is originated from the aeration waterwheel for fish pond, and the energy conversion rate is about 19% only. This research has reduced the gap between the lowest waterwheel blade and bottom of channel from present 7 cm to 2 cm and changed the blade angle from 0 degree to 45 degree. The result of the energy conversion efficiency of waterwheel increases to 26%. Although the effects of the phenomenon of flow patterns and the reduction of dead zone are significant, the waterwheel energy conversion efficiency is still relatively low.
Finally, this research suggests that if it wants to build a new microalgae cultivation system, the numerical simulation model should be carried out first to find the optimal design of system under the environment conditions and equipment limitations. For further studies, it recommends to explore other flow-making equipments or other style waterwheels for the raceway system to improve the energy conversion efficiency.

誌謝................................................................Ⅰ中文摘要........................................................... Ⅱ
Abstract............................................................. Ⅲ
目錄............................................................... Ⅴ
圖次................................................................ⅦI
表次............................................................ XII
第一章 緒論..........................................................1
1.1 前言.............................................................1
1.2 研究動機.........................................................2
1.3 研究目的.........................................................2
1.4 文獻回顧.........................................................3
1.4.1 渠道設計...................................................3
1.4.2 造流水車...................................................8
1.5 研究方法與研究流程..............................................10
1.6 本文組織........................................................11
第二章 數值模擬介紹.................................................12
2.1 FLOW-3D 軟體簡介................................................12
2.2 FLOW-3D理論背景.................................................12
2.2.1 Navier-Stokes之控制方程式................................. 12
2.2.2 FLOW-3D之控制方程式........................................13
2.2.3 FLOW-3D物理模式...........................................16
2.2.4 網格處法..................................................20
2.2.5 障礙物處理法..............................................20
2.2.6 網格邊界條件..............................................21
2.2.7 離散方法..................................................22
2.3 電腦輔助設計....................................................23
第三章 數值方法與驗證...............................................24
3.1 數值模擬........................................................24
3.1.1 現場測量..................................................25
3.1.2 CAD繪圖軟體建模...........................................26
3.1.3 FLOW-3D數值模擬設定........................................28
3.2 現場試驗與數值驗證..............................................35
3.2.1 設備......................................................35
3.2.2 實驗步驟..................................................37
3.2.3 試驗結果..................................................38
3.2.4 網格獨立性測試............................................38
第四章 結果與討論...................................................40
4.1 數值模擬與流況分析..............................................40
4.1.1 平均流速..................................................41
4.1.2 流體粒子徑線..............................................42
4.1.3 自由液面高度..............................................44
4.1.4 水頭損失..................................................45
4.1.5 養殖池內的水車能量消耗....................................47
4.1.6 小結......................................................48
4.2 數值模擬設施改善................................................48
4.2.1 渠道改良設計..............................................50
4.2.2 數值模擬結果..............................................51
4.2.3 小結......................................................65
4.3 造流水車效率....................................................65
4.3.1 設備說明..................................................66
4.3.2 跑道式微藻培養系統水車效率計算............................67
4.3.3 水車改良..................................................71
4.3.4 小結......................................................74
第五章 結論與建議...................................................75
5.1 結論............................................................75
5.2 建議............................................................76
參考文獻............................................................77

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