Responsive image
博碩士論文 etd-0823102-025522 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0823102-025522
論文名稱
Title
我國海洋保護區政策─其必要性與加拿大海洋法相關規定之比較研究
Taiwan MPA Policy-its need and comparison with Canadian Ocean Acts
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
138
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2002-07-13
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2002-08-23
關鍵字
Keywords
生物多樣性、台灣、海洋保護區、海洋資源保育
Marine prootected area, Biodiversity, Marine resources conservation, Taiwan
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5807 次,被下載 4876
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5807 times, has been downloaded 4876 times.
中文摘要
由於海域蘊藏豐富與多樣的生物,台灣業已自許其願景是成為一個「海洋國家」。近年來許多海洋的組織,對於日漸稀少的海洋漁業資源、珊瑚礁破壞、海洋物種瀕危及海洋棲地遭受破壞等,十分關切。為達海洋資源的永續利用,規劃和設置海洋保護區誠為當務之急。為促使海洋資源永續使用,未來我國海洋環境及資源的管理需要有一套完整制度來規劃,並進而落實保護,設立海洋保護區應為必要途徑。如同加拿大海洋保護區的實踐,其具體的規範係在其海洋法中。本論文以台灣海洋保護區劃定、評選與選址、相關的管理配套措施及社區共同參與為中心議題。研究的同時,參考了加拿大海洋法制度下海洋保護區之設立與評選過程。其次,對於加拿大值得考慮的地區(Area of Interest, AOI)的管理計畫,AOI的發展及各部門、聯邦政府、省和地區政府、社區團體和非政府組織間的責任分攤,以及AOI區位的推薦與評選,都進行分析討論,以此提出我國在設立和管理海洋保護區的架構。本論文最後亦評估我國目前各縣、市政府推動具有潛力的海洋保護區,例如澎湖的青灣內灣與高雄市的東沙島等。加拿大在執行海洋保護區的政策上及其經驗,頗為珍貴。例如,一九九七年加拿大頒定施行海洋法後,對於海洋生態系的保護其制度和管理方面奠定了完備的管理程序與架構。加國領域涵括了大西洋、太平洋與北極海域,許多管理的經驗過程,可供我們學習。加拿大海洋的生物多樣性頗高,對於現今和未來世代提供了龐大的潛力。加拿大海洋保護區的保護標的,類型頗多,包括海底熱泉、離島、珊瑚礁及瀕臨絕種或遭受威脅的海洋動、植物物種等,尤其是社區民眾參與模式與推薦和管理海洋保護區的區位等,其操作模式為台灣海洋保護區的規劃與架構,提供了具有價值的範例。
Abstract
It has been Taiwan's vision for being an "Ocean Country ", because of the richness and biodiversity of its marine environment. In recent years, the rapid growth in Taiwan’s ocean sector has resulted in a great concern on the degradation and loss of marine resources and habitats, and threatening of coral reefs and endangered species in the marine environment. There is a need to proactively conserve and protect marine ecosystem functions, species, and habitats for future sustainable. For achieving sustainability in the use of marine resources, the approach of marine protected areas (MPAs), similar to Canadian MPA embodied in the Oceans Act, must be implemented to oceans management for the protection of marine environment from land-based activity. This study presents: (1) the planning strategy, site selection and evaluation, community-based policy, and many other factors involved in the establishment of Canadian MPA under the Oceans Act; (2) Development of a management plan for MPA site and the consolidation of the responsibilities of federal, provincial, municipality, community and non government organizations on the establishment and management of the Canadian AOI (Area of Interest) site; (3) the proposed framework for establishing and managing marine protected areas in Taiwan; (4) Assessment and Evaluation of the present sanctuary protected areas that are mostly limited to the local coastal municipalities of Taiwan, i.e., Chinwan Inner Bay of Penghu, Tungsha (Pratas) Island of Kaohsiung. Canada is one of the world leading and experienced countries on the implementation of MPA. In 1997 with the passage of the Canadian Oceans Act, they have established an integrated management procedure, guidelines, and framework in the protection of marine ecosystem. Canada consists of Arctic, Pacific and Atlantic Oceans with the largest continental shelf in the world, and its history has been defined by its surrounding marine environment. The richness and biodiversity of Canada’s oceans provide enormous potential for both present and future generations. Canadian’s MPA approaches on seabed vent, offshore MPA sites, coral protection, protection of endangered or threaten marine species provide valuable and useful example for Taiwan’s MPA planning and framework, especially the involvement of communities to participate, recommend and manage the MPA site.
目次 Table of Contents
摘 要
第一章 緒論
1.1 研究動機 1-1
1.2 研究目的與背景 1-2
1.3 研究範圍 1-4
1.4 研究限制 1-4
1.5 研究方法 1-5
第二章 海洋保護區概述
2.1 海洋保護區發展概況 2-1
2.2 國際自然保育組織海洋保護區架構 2-3
2.3 美國海洋保護區架構 2-4
2.4 澳洲海洋保護區架構 2-8
2.5 小結 2-11
第三章 加拿大海洋法之海洋保護區政策
3.1 加拿大海洋保護區概述 3-1
3.2 加拿大海洋保護區架構 3-4
3.3 加拿大海洋保護區政策的優點 3-11
3.4 海洋保護的分工協調 3-12
3.5 小結 3-14
第四章 加拿大對於海洋保護區之管理制度
4.1 海洋保護區選址與劃定過程 4-1
4.2 海洋保護區的分區與劃界 4-12
4.3 社區的參與模式 4-15
4.4 管理配套措施 4-16
4.5 海洋保護區案例探討 4-18
4.6 小結 4-23
第五章 我國海洋保護區規劃之探討
5.1 海洋保護區區劃定方式 5-1
5.2 海洋保護之相關法規 5-6
5.3 公私部門的參與 5-14
5.4 澎湖青灣與東沙之操作實例 5-14
5.5 配套管理措施 5-29
5.6 小結 5-31
第六章 兩國現有制度之比較研究
6.1 兩國制度之主要差異 6-1
6.2 加拿大最值得參考的作法 6-3
6.3 加拿大經驗之應用 6-4
6.4 台灣具有潛力之海洋保護區 6-6
第七章 結論與建議
7.1 結論 7-1
7.2 建議 7-2
7.3 後續研究 7-3

參考文獻 References
Agerdy, T. Ed.(1994). The Science of Conservation in the Coastal Zone: New insights on how to design, implement, and monitor marine protected areas. A Marine Conservation and Development Report. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Brown, Thomas J.(2000). The Hamilton Bank-Hawke Channel Region: Potential as an Offshore Marine Protected Area? – A study to examine the Physical, Biological, Economic, and Social Characteristics of an Offshore Fishing Area. Newfoundland.
Bulletin on APEC Marine Resource Conservation Working Group(2001),Steering Committee Meeting & SOM Ⅲ Marine Protected Area, September 2001, Vol.Ⅲ, issue 2.
Contract Report To World Wildlife Fund-Canada, Fisheries Considerations For A Possible Marine Protected Area In The Gully, By Inka Milewski, Novermber 1996
Crosby, M.P., Geenen, and R. Bohne. (2000), Alternative Access Management Strategies for Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: A Reference Manual for Their Development and Assessment. U.S. Nan and the Biosphere Program, Washington, DC. 168 pp.
Crosby, M.P., K. Geenen, D. Laffoley, C. Mondor and G. O’Sullivan(1997), Proceedings of the Second International Symposium and Workshop on Marine and Coastal Protected Areas: Intergrating Science and Management, NOAA, Silver Spring, MD.
Fenton, D.G. and M.C. Westhead(2000), Report from the Roundtable on Marine protected Area System Planning, Canada Manuscript Report of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 2515, Department of fisheries and Oceans, Oceans Branch, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia.
Fenton, D.G. , Paul Macnab, Jason Simms, and David Duggan(2000), Conference Proceedings, Developing Marine Protected Area Programs in Atlantic Canada- A summary of community involvement and discussions to date. Science and Management of Protected Areas Ⅳ held at Univ. of Waterloo.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada(1997), An Approach to the Establishment and Management of Marine Protected Areas Under the oceans Act: A Discussion Paper.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada(1999), National Framework for Establishing and Managing Marine Protected Areas: A Working Document.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada(1999), Marine Protected Areas: policy.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada(2000), Working Together: to protect and promote Canada’s oceans.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada(2001), The Eastern Scotian Shelf Integrated Management(ESSIM)Initiative: Development of a Collaborative Management and Planning Process- A Discussion Paper for the Federal-provincial ESSIM Working Group, ESSIM Collaborative Process.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada(2001), The Eastern Scotian Shelf Integrated Management(ESSIM)Initiative: Issues, Challenges and Opportunities- A Discussion Paper for the Federal-provincial ESSIM Working Group, ESSIM Collaborative Process.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Building Awareness and Capacity: An Action plan for Continued Sustainable Development 2001-2003.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Bowie seamount Area-an initiative for marine protected areas development in Canada.
Fisheries and Oceans Canada, Canada’s Ocean Act-Working together to protect our oceans
Graeme Kelleher, Chris Bleakley, and Sue Wells, A grobal representative system of marine protected areas, principle editors , Volume IV, IUCN, 1995.
Government of Canada(1998), Working Together for marine protected areas-A National Approach
Gubbay, Susan(1995), Marine Protected Areas: principles and techniques for management, UK.
Jamieson, Glen S., and Lessard, Joanne(2000), Marine Protected Areas and Fishery Closures in British Columbia. NRC Research Press: Ottawa, Canada.
Kelleher, G. & Kenchington, R.(1992). Guidelines for Establishing Marine Protected Areas. A Marine Conservation and Development Report. IUCN, Gland, Switzerland.
Long Brothers Ltd. (n.d.), Marine Protected Areas and Fishing Communities in Newfoundland & Labrador, A publication of the Protected Areas Association of Newfoundland & Labrador.
National Research Council(2001), Marine Protected Areas: Tools for sustaining Ocean Ecosystems, U.S.A.
R. O’Boyle, Chair and Editor, Proceedings of a Workshop on the Ecosystem Considerations for The Eastern Scotian Shelf Integrated Management (ESSIM) Area, Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Darthmouth, Nova Scotia, October 2000
Shackell, Nancy and Peter Simard, and Mark Butler(1996), Potential Protected Area in Gully Region, Scotian Shelf, World Wildlife Fund of Canada.
Salm, Rodney V. and John R. Clark (1995), Marine and Coastal protected Areas: A Guide for Planners and Managers. Third Edition. Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge: IUCN.
The Laurentian Region Bullitin, INF oceans, Vol. 4, Number 1, March 2001.
行政院研究發展考核委員會編印(2001),.海洋白皮書,台北。
行政院農業委會(1995),「漁政管理工作手冊」。台北:行政院農業委員會。
行政院海岸巡防署(2001),「行政院海岸巡防署執行海洋生態行政院海岸巡防署保育與漁業資源維護計畫」。台北:行政院海岸巡防署。
行政院海岸巡防署(2001),「漁事服務工作手冊」。台北:行政院海岸巡防署。
何立德、王鑫編著:戴昌鳳珊瑚生態圖片解說(2002),台灣的珊瑚礁,台北:遠足文化。
何惠珍(1999),「開放龜山島先制定遊客守則」,中國時報,五月廿四日,第十五版。
李名揚,「早有保護區 只是沒落實」,聯合報,民國八十九年七月廿四日,第六版。
李宗祐(1998),「SOS救救珊瑚礁!」,中國時報,十一月廿日,第十五版。
林凱盈、呂昭隆(1999),「東沙島有本錢發展觀光」,中國時報,四月五日,第十五版。
林美玲(2002),「環境資源部 可能變第一大部」,聯合報,四月廿九日,第四版。邱文彥(2000),海岸管理:理論與實務,台北:五南圖書出版公司。
邱文彥(2001),海域安全-海洋環境保護:全球思考、在地行動,台灣綜合研究院。
邱文彥(1999),「東沙我應設為第一個海洋保護區」,中國時報,四月十二日,第十五版。
邱文彥(2000),「炸魚毒魚正在摧毀東沙環礁」,聯合報,九月四日,第十五版。邱文彥(1998),「海洋保護區規劃與管理制度之研究」,行政院國家科學委員會專題研究計畫成果報告,中山大學八十七年七月卅一日。
洪伯昇(2000),從國際法論我國海洋環境保護之相關法制。中央警察大學水警研究所碩士論文。
高雄市政府建設局開會資料(2002),東沙群島海域劃設禁漁區座談會。高雄:高雄市政府。
徐富癸,「墾丁海域受汙染 學者建議設保護區」,聯合報,民國九十年十月十五日,第十七版。
郭金泉譯(2000),被遺棄的海洋:力挽衰敗的海洋,台北,看守台灣研究中心。
郭金泉譯(1999),搖盪的漁船:漁業保育和工作保障,台北,看守台灣研究中心。
郭容容(2001),從海洋環保論生物多樣性之法制發展。國立海洋大學海洋法律研究所碩士論文。
郭富雯(2001),龜山島海底熱液活動初步調查。國立中山大學海洋地質及化學研究所碩士論文。
郭漢辰,「搶救珊瑚 宜設海洋保護區」,民生報,民國九十年十月十五日,第B7版。
章榮茜(2001),海洋生物多樣性保育與管理法律制度之研究。國立海洋大學海洋法律研究所碩士論文。
陳欣榮(1997),建立我國海洋保護區體系之初步研究。國立中山大學海洋環境及工程研究所碩士論文。
張晏滄(2000),我國水域管轄與行政管理之體制。國立台灣海洋大學海洋法律研究所碩士論文。
港灣報導季刊第五十六期,加拿大海岸與海洋永續發展,交通部運輸研究所港灣技術研究中心,九十年四月。
第四屆海洋環境大會,海岸保護區-許海洋生物一個安全的家:海洋保護區之規劃與推動國際研討會,中央研究院動物研究所,八十九年七月廿二、廿三日。
肇瑩如(2001),「澎湖 決設珊瑚礁保護區」,聯合報,十月卅日,第十五版。
歐慶賢編(1995),海洋資源管理,基隆:海洋大學漁業科學研究所。
http://mpa.gov/welcome.html
http://www.cep.unep.org/programmes/spaw/MPA/mpa.htm
http://www.pac.dfo-mpo.gc.ca/oceans/mpa/pilots.htm
http://www.livingoceans.org/conference/
http://www.amcs.org.au/links/mpa.htm
http://www.ttnn.com/can/010813/s91_b.html
http://www.taiwanwatch.org.tw/env_news/199911/88112606.htm
http://www.linyhome.com.j/j340.htm
http://www.fish.org.tw/chinese/magazine/magazine-30c.htm
http://www.star2001.net/libetary/0628/tw.htm
http://www.newton.tw/e-paper/epaper1.htm
http://www.fa.gov.tw/tfb5/168/fe168bc.htm
http://www.coa.gov.tw/external/preseve/prese…/news-890721_2.ht
http://www.scinece.yam.com/ocean/protect/prt216.html
http://www.teputc.org.tw/env_news/199904/88041201.html
電子全文 Fulltext
本電子全文僅授權使用者為學術研究之目的,進行個人非營利性質之檢索、閱讀、列印。請遵守中華民國著作權法之相關規定,切勿任意重製、散佈、改作、轉貼、播送,以免觸法。
論文使用權限 Thesis access permission:校內校外完全公開 unrestricted
開放時間 Available:
校內 Campus: 已公開 available
校外 Off-campus: 已公開 available


紙本論文 Printed copies
紙本論文的公開資訊在102學年度以後相對較為完整。如果需要查詢101學年度以前的紙本論文公開資訊,請聯繫圖資處紙本論文服務櫃台。如有不便之處敬請見諒。
開放時間 available 已公開 available

QR Code