在資訊科技技術越來越進步的時代，電腦資訊網路的安全則是越來越被大家所重視；因而生物鑑別技術的科技則是越來越重要。指紋辨識是生物鑑別技術裡最為廣泛被大多數的人所使用，其相關的文章和產品也非常多，可以說是目前比較受歡迎的生物鑑別技術；其具有普遍性、永久性、易於收集性和特殊性四種性質。
由於進行指紋比對時，採集而來的指紋影像並不總是都是完整的，會有各種外在因素影響，使指紋影像中有雜訊、模糊不清，甚至有片段指紋影像的產生；基於這些理由，本研究提出了一種方向角差變異係數當作指紋比對的特徵值之ㄧ，再配合本研究所提出的頻率相關係數和其他長度，方向角等特徵值進行片段指紋的比對。使指紋影像在不清楚或只有部分的影像資訊下仍然能夠有效的進行指紋比對。
利用本研究所提出的方向角差變異係數當做特徵值之一，並配合其他特徵值進行片段指紋的比對；當在一定程度的score下且5點細節點符合時，發現其FRR和FAR的精度達到了29%左右，而比對的準確率更高達70.56%。

As information technologies advanced greatly in recent years, the security problem of information networks becomes all the more important. As a result, biometric identification techniques have been given considerable attention. Fingerprint-related techniques, due to these desirable properties, i.e., universality, perpetuity, collectability and particularity, are most widely applied and documented.
However, in practice, collected fingerprint images are not always of good quality. They often are noisy or are even partial images. Therefore, in this research, we propose a new minutiae matching method, while using a coefficient of variation of orientation difference, a coefficient of frequency correlation, along with other image features to obtain a match based on only partial fingerprints.
By the proposed method, when a score is arrived at and the test image and the database image have five minutia points matched, we have both FRR and FAR values close to 29%, and the correctness of matching reaches 70.56%.

目錄 I
圖目錄 IV
表目錄 VIII
中文摘要 IX
英文摘要 X
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 文獻探討 3
1.1.1 前處理(pre-processing) 7
1.1.2 後處理(post-processing) 11
1.2 研究動機與目的 12
1.3 論文架構 14
第二章 背景知識 15
2.1 前處理 15
2.1.1 影像正規化(normalization) 15
2.1.2 直方圖均化(histogram equalization) 17
2.1.3 方向場(orientation field) 20
2.1.4 Gabor濾波(Gabor filter) 26
2.1.5 細線化(thinning) 37
2.2 後處理 40
2.2.1 細節提取(minutiae extraction) 40
2.2.2 細節比對(minutiae matching) 45
第三章 實驗方法 59
3.1 實驗流程 59
3.2 前景和背景的分割 61
3.3 前處理 63
3.4 後處理 69
第四章 實驗結果與分析 79
4.1 比對效能指標 79
4.1.1 完整度 79
4.1.2 錯誤接受率(FAR)和錯誤拒絕率(FRR) 81
4.1.3 相對片段程度 82
4.1.4 平均可靠度 83
4.2 實驗結果 85
4.2.1 3點細節點比對 90
4.2.2 4點細節點比對 92
4.2.3 5點細節點比對 94
4.3 結果與分析 96
第五章 結論 107
參考文獻 108

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