本論文探討影響直接甲醇燃料電池性能及長期運作之原因與其對策研究。首先探討不同的初始處理方式對DMFC的膜極組含水量的影響。接著探討MEA吸水後曝露於大氣中，水的蒸發引起的長度與重量的變化。此外，對MEA壓製壓力、處理與保存方式，及電池操作條件對性能的影響，亦為本文的研究項目。最後希望找出最佳的方式來增加電池性能及避免或降低可能的性能衰退，以提供未來可攜式DMFC電池組設計與製作時的參考。
為避免甲醇crossover導致陰極毒化，故操作時只使用適當濃度的甲醇溶液。實驗結束前，電池則完全的放電，以避免反應室留下任何殘存的甲醇。此外，電池組不使用時，MEA仍維持適當溼潤。藉由這些措施可使電池性能不致快速衰退。
實驗發現，MEA浸泡3M甲醇溶液後，煮80℃去離子水各1小時，DMFC電池組使用碳纖維束單極板及3M甲醇溶液為燃料，在自然吸氣、pumpless及室溫下，功率密度可達33mW/cm2，比未處理時提昇約106%。而MEA浸泡3M甲醇改成煮0.5M稀硫酸，功率密度比未處理時提昇約75%。

The problem of the performance decay and the factors affecting on the DMFC performance for long-term operation are studied in this thesis. First, the influence of the initial treatments of MEA and the exposure of MEA in the atmosphere on the water content are measured. In addition, the effects of the pressure of the MEA hot press conditions, the treatments and preservation of MEA, and the operative conditions on the performance are also examined. Eventually, we expect that the best way to increase the DMFC performance and avoid the performance can be found. These can provide for references when a portable DMFC need to be designed and manufactured in future.
In order to solve the problem of methanol crossover leading to the cathode poisoned, cells are operated only under the proper methanol concentration and discharged thoroughly before finishing the whole experiment. It is also necessary to maintain MEAs in proper wetness so that the performance of stack will not decay too quickly.
In the initial treatment, firstly, a MEA is immersed in 3M MeOH and then boiled with 80oC DI water for an hour, respectively. The experimental conditions of this passive single-cell DMFC are pumpless in anode chamber, air-breathing, and room temperature. The power density of this DMFC with these test conditions can reach a value about 33mW/cm2. This value is about 106% higher than that of the untreated MEA. If MEA boiled with 0.5M H2SO4 for an hour and then boiled with 80oC DI water for an hour, its power density is about 75% higher than that of the untreated MEA.

目錄
目錄 I
圖目錄 V
表目錄 VIII
摘要 IX
Abstract X
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 燃料電池簡介 2
1.2.1燃料電池的發展 2
1.2.2燃料電池的種類 4
1.3 文獻回顧 7
1.4 研究目的 14
第二章 直接甲醇燃料電池(DMFC)理論分析 15
2.1 DMFC工作原理 15
2.1.1甲醇消耗量 20
2.1.2燃料電池質傳現象 21
2.1.3燃料電池極化現象 22
2.2 DMFC基本結構 23
2.2.1膜極組(Membrane Electrode Assembly,MEA) 24
2.2.1.1質子交換膜 24
2.2.1.2觸媒層 26
2.2.1.3擴散層 28
2.2.2單/雙極板 28
2.2.2.1單/雙極板功能 29
2.2.2.2傳統硬質表面單/雙極板 29
2.2.2.3新型非均質碳纖維單/雙極板 30
2.2.2.4碳纖維單/雙極板與傳統單/雙極板的優劣比較 30
第三章 DMFC電池組製作 33
3.1碳纖維束製造流程 33
3.2 MEA製作 36
3.2.1質子交換膜處理 36
3.2.2電極準備 36
3.2.3 MEA熱壓 37
第四章 實驗方法 38
4.1實驗材料與設備 38
4.2實驗步驟 40
第五章 實驗結果與分析 41
5.1實驗條件 41
5.2 處理方式對membrane、electrode及MEA長度及重量的影響 43
5.2.1 質子交換膜浸泡不同溶液對長度及重量的影響 43
5.2.1.1 質子交換膜浸泡DI WATER對長度及重量的影響 43
5.2.1.2 質子交換膜浸泡甲醇溶液對長度及重量的影響 43
5.2.2 電極浸泡不同溶液對長度及重量的影響 44
5.2.2.1 電極浸泡DI WATER對長度及重量的影響 45
5.2.3 MEA浸泡不同溶液對長度及重量的影響 45
5.2.3.1 MEA浸泡DI WATER對長度及重量的影響 45
5.2.4 質子交換膜、電極及MEA浸泡不同溶液對長度及重量之比較 46
5.3 MEA熱壓壓力對性能的影響 47
5.4塗佈Nafion對DMFC性能的影響 48
5.5 MEA處理方式對DMFC的影響 49
5.5.1 MEA處理方式對Impedance的影響 49
5.5.2 MEA處理方式對性能的影響 50
5.6 MEA浸泡甲醇溶液時間對性能的影響 51
5.7 MEA保存方式對DMFC性能的影響 51
5.7.1 MEA放置於大氣中對DMFC性能的影響 52
5.7.2 MEA保存於DI WATER中對DMFC性能的影響 52
第六章 結論 53
參考文獻 55

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