由於工業蓬勃發展所造成的電力系統上功因與諧波汙染問題已被人們關注。本文提出基於適應性法則之靜態同步虛功率補償器解決配電系統上電力品質問題。利用最小均方演算法產生靜態同步虛功率補償器需提供之補償電流參考訊號，使得系統電流在虛功、不平衡、非線性負載情況下能夠被補償為平衡與僅有實功成分。本文中利用三階層中性點箝位反流器配合同相階層式正弦波脈波寬調變技術實現靜態同步虛功率補償器。並詳細介紹適應線性(ADALINE)理論之理論分析與硬體實現靜態同步虛功率補償器證實其可行。

Due to development of industries, power factor and harmonic pollution have become serious concerns in the power system. This thesis presents an adaptive linear neuron (ADALINE) - based static synchronous compensator (STATCOM) to cope with power quality issues in the industrial power system. The targeted compensating current of the STATCOM is generated based on the so-called LMS algorithm, thus the compensated system current becomes balanced and active even in reactive, unbalanced or distorted loads. In this thesis, the STATCOM is realized by using a three-level neutral point-clamped (NPC) inverter with the in-phase level-shifted sinusoidal pulse width modulation (IPLSPWM). Theoretical analysis of ADALINE method is detailed and hardware implementation of STATCOM is conducted to validate effectiveness of the proposed approach.

論文審定書 i
誌謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目 錄 v
圖目錄 viii
表目錄 xii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1研究背景與動機 1
1.2論文大綱 3
第二章 文獻回顧 4
2.1簡介 4
2.2電力品質概述 4
2.2.1功率因素 4
2.2.2電流不平衡 5
2.2.3諧波電流 5
2.3電力品質規範 6
2.3.1功率因素規範 6
2.3.2電流不平衡規範 7
2.3.3諧波電流規範 7
2.4靜態同步虛功率補償器 8
2.4.1同步參考框理論 9
2.4.2瞬時虛功理論 11
2.5三階層中性點箝位反流器 13
2.6總結 15
第三章 動作原理 17
3.1簡介 17
3.2控制策略 17
3.2.1單位電壓向量產生器 18
3.2.2適應線性理論計算電流參考信號 19
3.2.2.1負載電流中正序實功電流 20
3.2.2.1.1權重更新式與收斂因子的穩定範圍 22
3.2.2.1.2 計算負載電流中正序實功成分 27
3.2.2.2直流鏈電壓控制 29
3.2.3 電流控制 30
3.2.4正弦波脈波寬調變技術 33
3.2.5直流鏈上、下電容電壓平衡控制 34
3.3總結 37
第四章 模擬結果 38
4.1簡介 38
4.2適應線性理論控制策略之模擬波形 38
4.2.1設計考量 40
4.2.2平衡電感性負載 45
4.2.3不平衡電感性負載 47
4.2.4平衡非線性負載 51
4.2.5不平衡非線性負載 53
4.3直流鏈上、下電容電壓平衡控制 57
4.4總結 59
第五章 實驗結果 60
5.1簡介 60
5.2適應線性理論控制策略之實驗波形 60
5.2.1平衡電感性負載 63
5.2.2不平衡電感性負載 65
5.2.3平衡非線性負載 69
5.2.4不平衡非線性負載 71
5.3直流鏈上、下電容電壓平衡控制 75
5.4總結 77
第六章 結論與未來展望 78
6.1結論 78
6.2未來展望 78
參考文獻 79
附錄 82
A實驗機台照片 82
B實驗使用之數位訊號處理器介紹 84
C實驗使用之複雜可程式化邏輯元件介紹 84

[1]A. Nabae, I. Takahashi, and H. Akagi, “A new neutral-point-clamped PWM inverter,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. IA-17, no.5, pp.518-523,Sep./Oct. 1981.
[2]Q. Song, W. Liu, Q. Yu, X. Xie, and Z. Wang, “A neutral-point potential balancing algorithm for three-level NPC inverters using analytically injected zero-sequence voltage,” in Conf. Rec. IEEE-APEC. Annu. Meeting, Feb. 2003, vol. 1, pp. 228–233.
[3]S. Ogasawara and H. Akagi, “Analysis of variation of neutral point potential in neutral-point-clamped voltage source PWM inverters,” in Conf. Rec. IEEE-IAS Annu. Meeting, Oct. 1993, vol. 2, pp. 965–970.
[4]H. Akagi and R. Kondo "A transformerless hybrid active filter using a three-level pulsewidth modulation (PWM) converter for a medium-voltage motor drive", IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 25, no. 6, pp.1365 -1374, June 2010 .
[5] H. Akagi and T. Hatada "Voltage balancing control for a three-level diode-clamped converter in a medium-voltage transformerless hybrid active filter", IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 3, pp.571 -579, Mar. 2009.
[6] N. Celanovic and D. Boroyevich "A comprehensive study of neutral-point voltage balancing problem in three-level neutral-point-clamped voltage source PWM inverters", IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 15, no. 2, pp.242 -249 , Mar. 2000.
[7] C. Newton and M. Sumner, “Neutral point control for multi-level inverters: Theory, design and operational limitations,” in Conf. Rec.IEEE-IAS Annu. Meeting, vol. 2, Oct. 1997, pp. 1336–1343.
[8] A. Saengseethong and S. Sangwongwanich, "A new modulation strategy for capacitor voltage balancing in three-level NPC inverters based on matrix converter theory," in Conf. Rec.IEEE-IPEC Annu. Meeting, June 2010, pp. 2358-2365.
[9] D. S. Zhou and D. G. Rouaud, “Experimental comparisons of space vector neutral point balancing strategies for three-level topology,” IEEE Trans.Power Electron., vol. 16, no. 6, pp. 872–879, Nov. 2001.
[10]S. Bhattacharya, D. Divan, and B. Banerjee, “Synchronous frame harmonic isolator using active series filter,” in the 4th European Conference on Power Electronics and Applications, Sept. 1991, pp. 30-35.
[11] H. Akagi, Y. Kanazawa, and A. Nabae,“Instantaneous reactive power compensators comprising switching devices without energy storage components,” IEEE Trans. Ind. Appl., vol. IA-20, no. 3, pp. 625–630, May 1984.
[12] D. Gao and Xiaoruisun, “A new method to generate current reference for active power filters,” in Conf. Rec. IEEE-CIEP Annu. Meeting, Oct. 2000, pp. 99–103.
[13] A. Bhattacharya,C. Chakraborty, S. Bhattacharya, “Shunt Compensation,”IEEE Ind. Electron. Magazine,vol, Issue 3, Sept. 2009, pp.38 - 49.
[14] Bhim Singh, Vishal Verma, Jitendra Solanki,"Neural Network-Based Selective Compensation of Current Quality Problems in Distribution System," IEEE Trans Ind. Electron., vol. 54, pp. 53-60, Feb. 2007.
[15] B.Singh and J.Solanki,"A Comparison of Control Algorithms for DSTATCOM," IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 7, pp. 2738-2745, July 2009.
[16] B. Singh and J. Solanki, "An Implementation of an Adaptive Control Algorithm for a Three-Phase Shunt Active Filter,"IEEE Trans. Ind. Electron., vol. 56, no. 8, pp. 2811-2820, Aug. 2009.
[17] B. Widrow , J. McCool and M. Ball, "The complex LMS algorithm," Proc. IEEE, vol. 63, pp. 719-720, Apr. 1975.
[18] S. Haykin, Adaptive filter theory, 4th ed., Prentice Hall, 2002.
[19] S. Haykin and B. Widrow, Least-mean-square adaptive filters, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 2003.
[20] N. Mohan, T. M. Undeland, and W. P. Robbins, Power electronics : converters, applications, and design, 3rd ed, New York: John Wiley & Sons, 2003.
[21] IEEE Recommended Practice for Electric Power Distribution for Industrial Plants, IEEE Std. 141-1993.
[22]全國法規資料庫入口網站.電業法. Available: http://law.moj.gov.tw/LawClass/LawAll.aspx?PCode=J0030011.
[23]IEEE Standard for Cylindrical-Rotor 50 Hz and 60 Hz Synchronous Generators Rated 10 Mva and Above,IEEE Std. C50.13-2005.
[24]IEEE Recommended Practices and Requirements for Harmonic Control in Electrical Power Systems, IEEE Std. 519-1992.
[25] H. Akagi, E. Hirokazu Watanabe, M. Aredes, Instantaneous Power Theory and Applications to Power Conditioning, Wiley, 2007.
[26] D. N. Zmood and D. G. Holmes, “Stationary frame current regulation of PWM inverters with zero steady-state error,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 814-822, May 2003.
[27] Bin Wu, High-Power Converters and AC Drives, IEEE Press, 2006.