近年來，由於經濟體質的轉變，全球生產主力逐漸升級為知識與創新密集的產業，對於產品與技術變化快速的企業而言，技術優越性乃是競爭力的重要條件，因此研究發展部門可說是企業生存的命脈。而Person(1993)認為研究發展的效能來自於技術能力與良好的管理，因此研發主管的管理才能愈顯重要。

本研究旨在於了解研發主管管理才能與研發部門績效的相關性，分析研發主管哪方面的管理才能可以導致良好的部門績效，並且進一步探討研發主管的管理才能是否有其特殊性，從教育背景的角度，來了解研發主管受理工教育的背景對其管理才能的影響。

經過實證研究後主要發現：

1、 研發主管管理才能中的領導才能、專業才能及理念才能對研發成果、研發人員人力與素質、成本與預算控制、財務利潤及時程與品質控制等部門績效有顯著正向影響，而人際才能對研發成果、研發人員人力與素質及財務利潤等部門績效有顯著正向影響，行政才能則和研發成果、研發人員人力與素質、成本與預算控制、財務利潤及時程與品質控制等部門績效不具顯著影響。

2、 理工科系畢業之主管與非理工科系畢業之主管，在行政才能上有顯著差異，非理工科系之主管行政才能優於理工科系之主管，而在領導才能、專業才能、理念才能和人際才能上則無顯著差異。

Caused by the transition of global economic structure, competition between companies is changing toward knowledge management and innovation. Especially at the field of quick-change product, the superiority of technology is always the key factor of competition. Today, R&D department is important in any company. However, the efficiency of R&D not only depends on the ability of technology development but also management. Therefore, the managerial competency of R&D manager also attracts more and more attention.

This study focus on the relationship between the management competency of R&D manager and department performance to find out what managerial competency can do to benefit the department performance. In addition, this study also tries to figure out the influence of education background on management competency of R&D manager.

Through real case investigation, in this study two significant results are found:
1. The leadership domain, technical domain and conceptual domain of management competency of R&D manager have significantly positive influence on R&D outcome, staff competence, cost and budget control, financial benefits and control of schedule and quality of R&D department performance. The human domain has significantly positive influence on R&D outcome, staff competence and financial benefits. However, the administrative domain has no significant influence on all factors of R&D department performance.
2. The education background has significant difference on administrative domain of management competency. The administrative competency of a manager whose education background is not the science and engineering is better than whose education background is the science and engineering. On the other hand, The education background has no significant difference on leadership domain, technical domain, conceptual domain and human domain.

目 錄 頁次
第一章 研究動機與目的………………………………………………………1
第二章 文獻探討………………………………………………………………3
第一節 管理才能的意義與內涵…………………………………………3
第二節 教育背景對管理才能的影響……………………………………9
第三節 研發主管管理才能………………………………………………10
第四節 研發部門績效的衡量……………………………………………14
第五節 研發主管管理才能對部門績之影響……………………………24
第三章 研究方法………………………………………………………………26
第一節 研究架構與假設…………………………………………………26
第二節 資料來源…………………………………………………………29
第三節 變項操作性定義與衡量…………………………………………30
第四節 問卷信度分析與量表構面重整…………………………………34
第五節 資料分析方法……………………………………………………37
第四章 研究分析與討論………………………………………………………38
第一節 樣本特性分析……………………………………………………38
第二節 相關分析…………………………………………………………40
第三節 研發主管管理才能對部門績效之影響…………………………41
第四節 教育背景對管理才能之差異分析………………………………55
第五章 結論與建議……………………………………………………………57
第一節 結論………………………………………………………………57
第二節 研究限制…………………………………………………………59
第三節 研究建議…………………………………………………………60
參考文獻 ………………………………………………………………………62
附件一 研發主管樣本特性分析
附件二 研發主管管理才能與部門績效問卷

參考文獻

一、中文部份
徐國宗，「發揮R&D的功能」，現代管理月刊，48-49頁。民國75年7月。
毛治國，「從”由技入道”談科技人員的管理教育」，中國論壇，民國72年，第210期。
謝長宏主持 (民81)，科技管理經驗交流與推廣計劃，台北:行政院科技顧問組。
魏梅金譯（民91），「才能評鑑法」，台北：商周出版。
朱道凱譯 (民88)，平衡計分卡:資訊時代的策略管理工具，台北:臉譜文化出版。
吳秉恩（民74），「管理才能發展文獻研討」，台北：中國經濟企業研究所，pp.8-11。
吳秉恩（民74），「科技人員管理才能發展」，工業技術，第132期，p.59-68。
王保進 (民91)，視窗版SPSS與行為科學研究，台北：心理出版社。
杜榮瑞、蔣明晃、林佩琪（民89），”研究發展策略與績效衡量：平衡計分卡之實證研究”，管理學報，第17卷第4期，pp.563-589。
林麗芬（民76），「科技主管的管理知能需求分析」，國立交通大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
姜禮華（民82），「民營製造業研發部門績效指標建立之研究」，國立台灣大學商學研究所碩士論文。
張美蘭（民86），「高科技事業研究發展管理控制制度與研發績效關聯」，國立台灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。
林珮琪（民89），「高科技產業研究發展績效衡量之研究－平衡計分卡觀點」，國立台灣大學會計研究所碩士論文。
林慎培（民90），「管理才能、產業環境、企業特性與部門績效關係之探討」，國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
吳彥輝（民88），「運用模糊層級分析法與管理才能評鑑之研究」，國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
洪仲豪（民87），「研究發展部門主管領導型態對新產品發展績效的影響」，國立交通大學管理科學研究所碩士論文。
林惠霞（民85），「台北市政府主管人員管理才能發展需求評估之研究：美國聯邦管理才能架構應用於我國之分析」，中興大學公共政策研發究所碩士論文。

二、英文部份

Brown , Mark G. and Sevenson , Raynold A. (1998), “Measuring R&D Productivity", Research Technology Management, Nov-Dec, p.30-5.
Collier, D. W. 1977）, “Measuring the Performance of R&D Departments”, Research Management, Vo.20, No.2, pp.30-34
Cooper , R. G. and Kleinschmidt , Elko J. (1995), “Benchmarking the Firm’s Critical Success Factors in New Product Development”, Journal of product innovation management, Vol.12, p.374-391.
DeCotiis , Thomas A. and Dyer , Lee (1979), “Defining and Measuring Project Performance”, Research Management, January, p.17-22.
Drongelen , Inge C. Kerssens-van and Bilderbeek , Jan (1999), "R&D Performance Measurement: More than Choosing a set of Metrics”, R&D Management, Vol.29, No. 1, p.35-46.
Farris , George F. (1988), “Technical Leadership:Much Discussed but Little Understood”, Research Technology Management, Mar-Apr, p.12-16.
Fiedler, F.E. (1967), “A Theory of Leadership Effectiveness”, Mcgrow-Hill Book Co., New York.
Foster, R. N., Linden, L H., Whiteley, R. L. and Kantrow , Alan M. (1985), “Improving the Return on R&D –I”, Research Management, Jan-Feb, p12-17.
Francis , Philip H. (1992), “Putting Quality Into the R&D Process”, Research Technology Management, Jul-Aug, p.16-23.
Ghiselli, E. (1971), “Exploratios in Managerial Talent”, New York:McGrawhill Inc., p.16.
Gratton , Lynda (1987), “How Can We Predict Management Potential in Research Scientists”, R&D Management, Vol17, No.2, p.87-97.
Gay, P., Salaman, G., Rees, B.,（1996）, “The conduct of Management and the Management of Conduct: Contemporay managerial discourse and the Constitution of the Competent manager”, Journal of Management Studies, Vol.33, No.3, p.263-282.
Hayes , J., Rose-Quirie , A. and Allinson , C. W. (2000), “Senior Manager’ Perceptions of the Competencies They Require for Effective Performance: Implications for Training and Development”, Personnel Review, Vol.29, No.1, p.92-105.
House, R.J., (1971), “A Path-Goal Theory of Leadership”, Administrative Science Quarterly, Vol.16, p.321-338.
Kaplan, R. S. and Norton, D. P., (1996), “The Balanced Scorecard: Translating Strategy into Action”, Business School Press, 1996.
Katz, R. L. (1955), “Skills of an Effective Administrator”, Harvard Business Review, Vol.33, p.33-42.
Miborrow, G. (1988), “Crafty Management”, Management today, Vol.12, p.5.
Mirabile , Richard J. (1997), “Everything You Wanted to Know about Competency Modeling”, Training & Development, August, p.73-77.
Montoya-Weiss , Mitzi M. and Calantone , Roger (1994), “Determinants of New Product Performance: A Review and Meta-Analysis”, Journal of Product Innovation Management, Vol.11, p.397-417.
Moser, M. R.(1985), “Measuring Performance in R&D Settings”, Research Management, Vol. 28, No. 5, pp.31-33.
Niehouse, Oliver, L. (1986), “Job Satisfaction: How to Motivate Today’s Worker”, Supervisory Management, Vol.1, p.81.
Pappas, R. A. and Remer, D. S.（1985）, “Measuring R&D Productivity”, Research Management, Vol. 28, No. 3, pp.15-22.
Pearson , Alan W. (1993), “Management Development for Scientists and Engineers”, Research Technology Management”, Jan-Feb, p.45-48.
Pearson , Alan W. and McCauley , Cynthia D. (), “Job Demands and Managerial Learning in the Research and Development Function”,
Pinto , Jeffrey K. and Slevin , Dennis P. (1989), “Critical Success Factors in R&D Projects”, Research Technology Management, Jan-Feb, p.31-35.
Quin, R. E., Faerman S. R., Thompson, M. P. and McGrath, M. R. (1990) , “Becoming a Master Manager-A competency Framework”, New York, N.Y:John Wiley & Sons. p.14.
Rifkin, K. I. and Fineman, M. （1999）. “Developing Technical Managers-First You Need a Competency Model”. Research Technology Management, Vol.42, No. 2, pp.53-57.
Sandwith , Paul (1993), “A Hierarchy of Management Training Requirement: The Competency Domain Model”, Public Personnel Management, Vol.22, No.1, p.43-62.
Schumann , Paul A., Ransley , Jr., Derek L. and Prestwood , Donna C. L. (1995), “Measuring R&D Performance”, Research Technology Management, May-June, p.47-52.
Shapira , Reuven and Globerson , Shlomo (1983), “An Incentive Plan for R&D Workers”, Research Management, Sep-Oct, p.17-19.
Simpson , Barbara (2002), “The Knowledge Needs of Innovating Organisations”,Singapore Management Review,Vol24,No.3,p.52-55.
Spencer, L. M. and Spencer, S. M.（1993），Competence at Work, New York, John Wiley & Sons Inc.
Steger , J. A., Manners , G., Bernstein , A. J., and May, R. (1975), “The Three Dimensions of the R&D Manager’s Job”, Research Management, May, p.32-37.
Stogdill, R. M. (1948), “Personnel Factors Associated with Leadership”, Journal of Applied Psychology, Vol.25, p.35-71.
Wemer , Bjorn M. and Souder , William E. (1997), “Measuring R&D Performance-State of Art”, Research Technology Management, Mar-Apr, p.34-42.