本研究發現，外源性gibberellic acid﹙GA3﹚可取代誘導開花之低溫條件，繼而使高溫非誘導開花條件下之蝴蝶蘭Phalaenopsis hybrida花梗繼續生長並開花。本研究亦分析低溫處理、高溫處理以及高溫條件下外加GA3之處理下，蝴蝶蘭花梗內生性GAs含量之差異。實驗處理包括：低溫處理﹙25℃/20℃ 日溫/夜溫﹚下所誘導花梗長度為2~3公分﹙無花芽原始體﹚之植株，以及低溫、高溫﹙30℃/25℃ 日溫/夜溫﹚與高溫+ GA3﹙以下簡稱為GA3處理組﹚三種處理下所誘導花梗7~10公分長﹙具花芽原始體﹚之植株。取各組花梗頂端2公分處進行分析。GAs之定性分析結果顯示，除了GA3處理組偵測到GA3之存在外，各組蝴蝶蘭花梗之內生性GAs計有GA53、GA19、GA20、GA1與GA8，顯示蝴蝶蘭花梗的GA代謝途徑屬於early 13-hydroxylation pathway。進一步定量分析發現，花梗所含GAs之量由多而寡依序為：花梗長7~10公分之低溫處理組＞花梗長7~10公分之GA3處理組＞花梗長7~10公分之高溫對照組＞花梗長2~3公分之低溫處理組；花梗長2~3公分之低溫處理組之內生GAs含量明顯低於花梗長7~10公分之其他三組。以上結果顯示，花梗的持續發育與花芽的形成可能與花梗內生性GAs含量的提升有關。另一方面，分別比較各個GAs在不同處理下的含量差異，發現高溫對照組之GA8含量顯著高於其他各組，相反地，該組花梗之GA1含量則為最低，證實了具生理活性之GA1含量的降低，以及其不具生理活性代謝產物GA8含量的升高，可能是造成蝴蝶蘭花梗在高溫條件下未能開花的一項原因，同時也暗示著藉由調節GA53→GA19→GA20→GA1→GA8代謝路徑的代謝速率之變化調控蝴蝶蘭開花現象的機制。利用外源17-[ 2 H2]GA1外加處理於花梗並追蹤結果顯示，17-[ 2 H2]GA1→17-[ 2 H2]GA8在高溫對照組相較於低溫處理組有明顯增加的趨勢，確認了上述GA之代謝因高溫而改變的推測。以上實驗初步認定，GAs之代謝在蝴蝶蘭花梗及花芽發育上具有重要的生理意義。

The ability of exogenous gibberellin (GA) A3 to substitute for low temperatures in inducing flowering in Phalaenopsis hybrida under high temperatures suggests a similar role for endogenous GAs in normal (low temperature) development of the inflorescence and floral buds. Changes in endogenous GAs in shoot-tips (about 2.0 cm long) were examined when potentially flowering shoot was 2-3 cm and 7-10 cm long, respectively. Treatments included warm control (30/25 ℃ day/night, non-flowering), GA3-treated (30/25 ℃ day/night, flowering) and cool-induced (25/20 ℃ day/night, flowering) plants. GA3 at 0.5 μg•shoot-1 was injected into the cavity of the second visible bud scale below the flowering shoot apex. The contents of the tips of potentially flowering shoot of GA1, GA20, GA19 and GA53 tended to be highest in cool-induced plants, intermediate in GA3-treated plants, and lowest in the warm controls (non-flowering). Tips of potentially flowering shoots in warm controls also contained higher GA8 relative to GA3-treated and cool-induced plants. Tips of potentially flowering shoots (2-3 cm in length with no flower primordium), contained low levels of GAs than older 7-10 cm long flowering shoot (with flower primordium) under cool-inductive conditions. These results suggest that continued inflorescence development and flower bud initiation are closely associated with increases in endogenous GAs, even in GA3-treated plants. They also suggest that a more rapid biosynthetic flow-through from GA19→GA20→GA1→GA8 leaving reduced levels of GA1 may be involved in the inhibition of flowering and shoot elongation seen in warm (30/25 ℃ day/night) control plants. A reduced conversion of “active” GA1 to inactive GA8 may thus be required for successful floral initiation and development whether induced by cool temperature or by applied GA3. These results imply that the high temperature inhibitory effect on flowering is mediated through its effect on lowering the level of endogenous GA1 and its precursors.

中文摘要 ………………………………………………………….. 1
英文摘要 ………………………………………………………….. 3
縮寫表 ……………………………………………………………. 7
前言 ……………………………………………………………….. 8
前人研究 …………………………………………………………. 12
一、蝴蝶蘭概述 …………………………………………………. 12
1.蘭科植物簡述 ………………………………………………. 12
2.蝴蝶蘭的分類地位及種類 …………………………………. 14
3.蝴蝶蘭的生長習性及開花條件 ……………………………. 16
二、Gibberellin與開花 ……………………………………….. 20
1.Gibberellin概述 ………………………………………….. 20
2.植物開花 ……………………………………………………. 22
3.Gibberellins與植物開花 …………………………………. 26
材料與方法 ………………………………………………………. 28
1.植物材料 ……………………………………………………. 28
2.蝴蝶蘭花梗外源性GA3之處理 ……………………………. 29
3.蝴蝶蘭花梗內生性GAs之定性分析 ………………………. 30
4.蝴蝶蘭花梗內生性GAs之定量分析 …………………….. 33
5.蝴蝶蘭花梗之[ 2 H2]GA1處理 ……………………………. 34
結果 ……………………………………………………………... 35
1.不同溫度條件與GA3處理對蝴蝶蘭花芽生長的影響 ….... 35
2.蝴蝶蘭花梗內生性GAs之定性分析 ……………………... 36
3.不同處理條件下蝴蝶蘭花梗內生性GAs之含量分析 …... 37
4.溫度改變蝴蝶蘭花梗內GA1與GA8之代謝狀態 ………..... 39
討論 ……………………………………………………………... 40
引用文獻 ………………………………………………………... 44
圖表 ……………………………………………………………... 53

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