仙女蝦屬於浮游甲殼生物，主要提供一般民眾觀賞飼養及學生自然科學教材。由於仙女蝦在市場上的需求量日漸增大，如何提升仙女蝦休眠卵的孵化率，乃是一個重要的課題。本研究旨在探討光照及超音波聲場於仙女蝦休眠卵的孵化過程中，能否增加其活化效應提升孵化率。過去在光照對休眠卵的孵化研究中發現，休眠卵內色素的吸收光譜與實驗有效孵化的光波長相符。超音波在生物科技方面的應用，過去主要以破壞細胞抑制生物的生長為主，但若能小心調整處理的參數，如頻率、強度、照射時間、照射脈衝等，也可以得到增益的效果。本實驗的設計先行以LED光源分別施以不同光波長及光強度照射休眠卵，研究光線對於孵化所產生的響應，且全部的實驗皆以檯燈光源作為對照組。再分別利用超音波洗淨機與水浸式探頭激振休眠卵，超音波洗淨機用以討論暫態空孔效應對孵化的影響；而水浸式探頭經Rayleigh-Plesset空孔氣泡方程式計算求得休眠卵共振頻率之後為基本照射頻率，並設定非共振頻率作比較。最後，利用田口方法設計一式直交表探討光波長、光強度、共振頻率及聲強度等參數，對仙女蝦孵化的貢獻值與信任水準，以討論超音波聲場與光線對孵化所扮演的角色。本研究成果顯示，單純利用檯燈照射的對照組有25 %的孵化率；在光實驗藍光照射可得到最高42.5 %的孵化率；超音波實驗頻率0.25 MHz聲強39.2 mW/cm2可得到最高35 %的孵化率；在確認實驗中休眠卵藍光與超音波0.25 MHz聲強30.9 mW/cm2的照射下，可以得到48.3 %的孵化率，這也是本實驗所得到的最高孵化率。最後，由田口分析得知光源影響孵化率之信任水準達100 %，代表光源還是影響孵化最關鍵的因子，但由超音波實驗與對照組的比較，超音波對卵的活化還是有一定的效用。本研究成果，可應用於瀕臨絕種或是高經濟價值物種的復育上，以提高人工繁殖的孵化率。

Fairy shrimp is an anostraca plankton which is raised for watching and scientific study. In recent year, due to the large requirement of fairy shrimp in the market, to increase the hatching rate of fairy shrimp is an important topic. It is found that when an Artemia Cysts hatched by light, the pigment absorption spectra in the Cysts match with the optical wavelength of the experimental incubators. Furthermore, the effect of ultrasound can stimulate the growth or activation of the fairy shrimp, when the ultrasonic parameters of frequency, intensity, exposure time and exposure period are properly controlled in the hatching experiments. This thesis is then focusing on the biological activities to increase the hatching rate of fairy shrimp by light and ultrasound exposure. This work investigates the light effect on the hatching experiment using different wavelength and intensity of LED light; in addition, Cysts is exposed to ultrasound by ultrasonic cleaner and transducer. The resonant frequency of the Cysts is obtained from Rayleig –Plesset bubble activation formula. The radiation of the resonant and non-resonant regions during the hatching experiments are then set up by this resonant frequency for comparison. Finally, according to the experimental results, the correlations of hatching rate with light wavelength, light intensity, resonant frequency and ultrasound intensity are studied by Taguchi Method to understand the play role of the light and ultrasound. The research results show that the hatching rate is 25 % by lamp irradiation, and the maximum hatching rate is 42.5 % by blue light in the light experiment. In ultrasound experiment, the highest incubate percentage, 35 %, is obtained by ultrasound frequency 0.25 MHz and ultrasound intensity 39.2 mW/cm2. In the confirmed test, the blue light plus ultrasound frequency of 0.25 MHz plus ultrasound intensity of 30.9 mW/cm2 can let the incubate percentage up to 48.3%. This is the highest incubate percentage one can get from these experiments. Finally, the results of Taguchi analysis shows that the Confidence level of light affecting the hatching rate is 100%; thus, light source is the most critical factor to affect the hatching procedure. The results of this research can be referred by an endangered species or high economic value of species to increase the rate of hitching.

中文摘要 i
英文摘要 ii
目錄 iv
表目錄 vii
圖目錄 viii
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 文獻回顧 3
1.3 仙女蝦介紹 7
1.3.1 生物分類 7
1.3.2 無甲目生物與仙女蝦特性 8
1.3.3 休眠卵 10
1.4 研究目的 11
第二章 基本理論 16
2.1 光的特質與輻射能量參數 16
2.2 LED光源介紹 19
2.3 超音波基本理論 20
2.3.1 波動方程式推導 21
2.3.2 介質的粒子速度與粒子加速度 22
2.3.3 超音波的強度與能量 23
2.4 超音波生物效應 23
2.4.1 機械效應 23
2.4.2 空孔效應 24
2.4.3 空孔氣泡方程式 25
2.5 田口品質工程 25
2.5.1 實驗設計方法 26
2.5.2 品質損失函數 27
2.5.3 訊號雜訊比（S/N比） 28
2.5.4 因子回應表 29
2.5.5 變異數分析 30
第三章 實驗方法與步驟 36
3.1 實驗方法 36
3.1.1 實驗設備 36
3.1.2 LED光源照射器材設計 38
3.1.3 共振頻率計算 39
3.1.4 超音波照射系統設計 40
3.2 實驗參數設定 42
3.2.1 光源參數量測 42
3.2.2 超音波參數量測 43
3.3 實驗步驟 44
3.3.1 休眠卵的選取與孵化 44
3.3.2 實驗方法與步驟 45
第四章 實驗結果與討論 65
4.1實驗環境設定 .65
4.2 實驗結果統計紀錄 65
4.2.1 表格與圖形資料 66
4.2.2 田口數據分析 67
4.3 結果與討論 69
4.3.1 光源對孵化的影響 69
4.3.2 超音波對孵化的影響 70
4.3.3 誤差的探討 70
第五章 結論與建議 81
5.1 結論 81
5.2 未來展望與建議 82
參考文獻 84
附錄A 88

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