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博碩士論文 etd-0827105-024620 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0827105-024620
論文名稱
Title
高雄壽山地區岩心 古亭坑層之底棲性有孔蟲研究
Benthic Foraminifera Assembledges of Gutingken Formation at Shoushan, Kaohsiung
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
78
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2005-07-28
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2005-08-27
關鍵字
Keywords
鎂鈣比、古亭坑層、底棲性有孔蟲、底水溫度
Benthic Framinifera, Mg/Ca, Bottom water, Gutingken Formation
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5834 times, has been downloaded 1041 times.
中文摘要
古亭坑層為位於台灣西南部之巨厚岩系,由於泥岩缺乏層理,在傳統地質研究上多為概略性之描述,利用殼體進行微量元素分析之研究結果則付之闕如。本研究使用材料為壽山地區之鑽井岩心,分別位於中山大學後山岩心W-2、S-4及高雄左營之勝利(SL)岩心。針對其中泥岩區段進行底棲性有孔蟲之鑑定與分析,藉以了解沈積環境改變與底水環境的變遷歷史,並利用底棲性有孔蟲現生種屬組合之群聚分佈與生活習性來探討古環境之變化。
根據初步超微化石定年結果,多數樣本中含有Pseudoemiliania lacunosa 與small Gephyrocapsa兩種主要年代指示種,顯示W-2與S-4岩心之泥岩生物地層落入 small Gephyrocapsa zone中,亦即沈積年代介於1242-1031ka 之間;勝利岩心在深度190公尺以下有small zone之上界。
岩心W-2與S-4鑽井位置相近,浮游碳氧同位素分析結果顯示兩岩心有良好的比對(曾文健,2004),利用岩心W-2氧同位素與南海岩心ODP 1143氧同位素地層比對結果所得之年代模式,可知岩心W-2年代介於1186-1065ka 之間。且兩岩心含有相同之主要底棲性有孔蟲種屬,包括Bulimina spp.、Uvigerina spp.、Brizalina tainanesis與Siphogenerina raphanus。勝利岩心中之底棲性有孔蟲主要種屬為Brizalina spp.、Pseudorotalia spp.、Siphogenerina raphanus、Amphicoryna scalaris與Brizalina alata。
底棲性有孔蟲內生種(I)與表生種(E)之比值隨時間的變化可反應表水古生產力改變之趨勢。結果顯示W-2岩心深度在28 - 44m間之I/E值明顯偏低(~10),此一結果可能是受到表水生產力減弱,沈降到海底的有機質減少而使I/E比值下降。
台灣西南海域研究中Uvigerina spp. 在底層可生存於130m-1360m的水深範圍之間(江愛蘋,2004),南海研究中該種屬富集於480m-1200m間,在水深1200公尺以下則少見(翦知湣,1992)。W-2岩心在深度29.41 - 46.11m之間的16.7公尺並無該種屬的出現,推測此時期岩心所在位置的沈積環境水深加深,配合氧同位素年代模式估計,前陸盆地(foreland basin)加深年代約在1170-1100 ka之間。由於本研究可使用的陸上鑽井岩心,泥岩中有孔蟲殼體多數皆保存完整,所以將底棲性有孔蟲進行殼體微量金屬元素分析,分別選取W-2岩心中主要種屬Bulimina spp.及Uvigerina spp.,利用成功大學地球科學系之感應耦合電漿質譜儀(ICP-MS)進行分析,結果顯示殼體之鎂/鈣比值分析所回推之底水溫度介於6-13℃之間,可能沈積環境為深度約300-700公尺的水深,顯示本研究區域構造抬升運動活躍。
Abstract
The samples in this study were collected from the drilling cores W-2 and S-4 obtained from the slope-stability monitoring project inside the campus of NSYSU. The Sheng-Li (SL) core was drilled for groundwater monitoring project in the northern of Kaohsiung city. The mudstone sections in these three cores were sampled to reconstruct the sedimental history of the southwestern Taiwan.
This study mainly contains 3 parts: firstly we dated the downcore records based on nannobiostratigraphy. Secondly, we analyzed the benthic foraminiferal assemblages in sedimentary sequences. Finally we chose specific benthic species and analyzed the shell trace metals, especially Mg/Ca and Sr/Ca ratio with an ICP-MS.
Overall the mudstone sections analyzed in this study fall in the biostratigraphic range of small Gephyrocapsa Subchron, which spreads within 1242ka~1031ka according to the previous report. The age range in W-2 was further constrained within 1186ka~1065ka based on the oxygen isotope stratigraphy (Tseng, 2004). There are four dominant benthic species, including Bulimina spp., Uvigerina spp., Brizalina tainanesis and Siphogenerina raphanus in Cores W-2 and S-4. There are five dominant benthic species, including Brizalina spp., Pseudorotalia spp., Siphogenerina raphanus, Amphicoryna scalaris and Brizalina alata in Core SL.
The benthic foraminiferal shell Mg/Ca ratios obtained from Core W-2 indicate the bottom water temperature are between 6 - 12℃, which reflects the paleo water depth had varied between 300 - 700m. It also indicates that strata were uplifted and the deposition depth become shallow.
目次 Table of Contents
誌謝 …………………………………………………………Ⅰ
摘要 ……………………………………………………………Ⅱ
英文摘要 ……………………………………………………………Ⅳ
目錄 ……………………………………………………………Ⅴ
圖目錄 ……………………………………………………………Ⅶ
表目錄 ……………………………………………………………Ⅷ
第一章 緒論 ………………………………………………………… 1
1-1 前言……………………………………………………… 1
1-2 研究區域………………………………………………… 4
1-3 地質背景………………………………………………… 6
1-4 前人研究………………………………………………… 9
第二章 材料及方法……………………………………………………12
2-1 研究流程………………………………………………… 12
2-2 研究材料………………………………………………… 12
2-3 研究方法………………………………………………… 15
第三章 實驗結果………………………………………………………22
3-1 超微化石分析結果………………………………………22
3-2 底棲性有孔蟲分析結果…………………………………24
3-3 微量元素分析結果………………………………………37
第四章 結果討論……………………………………………………39
4-1 底棲性有孔蟲豐度隨時間的改變………………………39
4-2 個別種屬討論……………………………………………40
4-3 底棲性有孔蟲之形態學討論……………………………44
4-4 殼體微量金屬元素分析…………………………………53
4-5 研究結果在時間序列上之變化………………………59
第五章 結論……………………………………………………………61
參考文獻………………………………………………………………63
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