本研究利用2006-2010年Argo剖面浮標資料，估算表層、深層海流流速以及溫鹽特性變化之時空分佈，並結合實測Sb-ADCP、IFREMER風應力旋度、QSCAT風場和AVISO衛星高度計的海面高度異常等資料，探討台灣周遭海域的水文特性和流況，研究區域和海洋現象包含:台灣東北海域冷渦、呂宋海峽的流況特徵以及分別在台灣西南海域、黑潮以東渦漩區所觀察的暖渦特性。
首先探討台灣東北海域的水文特徵，發現冬天時期隨著黑潮北上的Argo float最常進入陸棚區域(25°N-26°N,122°E-123°E)，湧升現象在水深150m以上非常明顯，在50m和100m深的溫降分別可達到5.1℃和8℃，在台灣東北角與黑潮中間則存在著一股向南的深層海流，流速可達30 cms 。其次在呂宋海峽的表層海流有季節性變化，夏季主要為流出南海，秋季為流入南海，深層海流則無論夏季或秋季均為流入南海居多，最大流速約為6 cms ，秋季和冬季黑潮水入侵南海的現象比夏季更明顯，春夏兩季北南海的混合層深度大概在50m深，冬季呂宋海峽東邊的混合層深度達110m。
研究結果指出2009年時台灣西南海域終年存在一個反氣旋暖渦，其形成可能是和當地海底地形有關，表層流速最大值出現在5月初，流速為104 cms ，此時期的船測ADCP資料亦可証實順時針暖渦的存在，風應力旋度在正值或負值時暖渦仍存在，所以風應力旋度只是改變渦漩強度的次要因素，推論造成暖渦的主要因素為地形效應，渦漩在表層的最大直徑約為110 km，打轉期間伴隨著150-210m深的黑潮混合水，可見暖渦的水文特性和黑潮水侵入有相關。另外對於剖面浮標在台灣黑潮東邊海域觀測到暖渦的存在，發現深層海流比表層海流更具有暖渦特性，溫度結構在水深200m以下主要為渦漩主導，在暖渦和冷渦交匯期間，兩者最大溫度差發生在160m深度，可相差4.5℃，本次觀測到的暖渦比起冷渦更容易存在，且也較穩定。

In the present study we use Argo float data, in-situ shipboard ADCP data,IFREMER wind stress curl data, QuikSCAT wind data and AVISO sea level anomaly data from 2006 to 2010 to investigate hydrographical characteristics and surface and deep currents in the seas surrounding Taiwan. The studied areas consist of the followings: the cyclonic eddy off the northeastern Taiwan coast, flow structure of the Luzon Strait, anticyclonic eddies off the southwestern Taiwan coast and east of Kuroshio.
Our results found that some Argo floats drifting northward with the Kuroshio were occasionally intruded to the continental shelf off the northeastern Taiwan at 25°N-26°N,122°E-123°E. Statistics indicate that this phenomenon occurs most frequently in winter, and float profiling data reveal a marked upwelling above 150m depth. Temperature drops within this area can reach 5.1℃ and 8℃, respectively at 50m and 100m depths. A deep southward current with a maximum speed of 30 cms can be found to exist between northeastern Taiwan and Kuroshio. On the other hand, Surface flows have strong seasonal variations in the Luzon strait, i.e., toward the southeastern side of Taiwan in the summer and intrude into the South China Sea (SCS) in the fall and winter. Deep currents in the Luzon Strait, however, flow mostly into the SCS regardless of seasonality. Maximum speed of deep current can reach 6 cms . Mixed-layer depth in the northern
SCS is approximately 50m in the spring and summer, and about 110m depth in winter.
The third part of this thesis concerns with the anticyclonic circulation off the southwestern Taiwan coast. Float observations show that this circulation exists almost all year round in 2009. Surface currents have a maximum speed in early May, reaching 104 cms , and the wind stress curl attains a maximum negative value. It is conjectured that this anticyclonic eddy is generated primarily due to the restriction of local coast and topography, and the wind stress curl is the secondary mechanism. Surface current derived from Shipboard ADCP is also consistent with the float results. The diameter of this eddy is about 110 km. T-S characteristics of Kuroshio can be observed at 150-210m depth, indicating a close link between this eddy and the Kuroshio. Finally, anticyclonic warm eddies east of Kuroshio are also investigated from the float data. It is found that the eddy flow structure in this region is more obvious in depths than in surface. Temperature distribution below the depth of 200 m also confirms the warm core structure. At an event during which when one float incidentally travelling through a cold eddy and an adjacent warm eddy, the temperature difference can reach 4.5 ℃ at 160m depth. The warm eddies are found to be more stable and more frequently observed than the cold eddies in this region.

目 錄
章次 頁次
謝誌…………………………………………………………I
中文摘要 …………………………………………………Ⅱ
英文摘要 …………………………………………………IV
目錄 ………………………………………………………VI
圖目錄……………………………………………………VII
表目錄 ……………………………………………………IX
ㄧ、前言……………………………………………………1
1.1 前人研究………………………………………………1
1.2 研究區域………………………………………………6
1.3 研究動機與目的………………………………………9
二、資料來源……………………………………………11
2.1 Argo剖面浮標 ………………………………………11
2.2 儀器和工作原理 ……………………………………13
2.3 航次資料來源 ………………………………………14
2.4風應力旋度和風場資料………………………………15
2.5 AVISO衛星高度計資料………………………………15
三、資料分析方法………………………………………21
3.1 表層與深層海流的估算 ……………………………21
3.2 MLD的判定與溫鹽剖面分析………………………24
四、台灣周遭流場與水文特性…………………………26
4.1台灣東北角外海………………………………………26
4.2呂宋海峽流場…………………………………………28
4.2.1漂流軌跡與水文特徵………………………………28
4.2.2溫鹽剖面與黑潮水之比較…………………………30
4.2.3混合層厚度(MLD) …………………………………32
五、渦漩現象……………………………………………51
5.1台灣西南暖渦…………………………………………51
5.1.1漂流打轉軌跡………………………………………51
5.1.2溫鹽剖面特性………………………………………51
5.1.3 Sb-ADCP流速與風應力旋度……………………54
5.2台灣以東的渦漩區……………………………………56
六、結論 …………………………………………………79
參考文獻…………………………………………………81
附錄一 本研究所利用Argo floats之參數設定和資訊 85
附錄二 本研究之Argo floats資料處理時使用的軟體 …88

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