本研究以形態特徵、花粉可孕性檢定、分子標記等技術來了解山黃麻屬物種-山黃麻、山油麻、銳葉山黃麻及疑似雜交種在種間的變異。形態特徵、花粉可孕性檢定、分子標記結果顯示疑似雜交種起源於山油麻與銳葉山黃麻的天然雜交。
形態上，此屬4個分類群在生長型、枝條末端未木質化部位的顏色、葉的大小、葉上下表面毛被物狀態、葉先端、葉基、葉質感、葉脈數、葉柄、托葉大小、花序性別的分布、雌花序與雄花序的長度及其上的花朵數目、果熟顏色、花被片的被毛程度、雄花被片的大小、退化雌蕊大小、退化雌蕊形狀、花絲長度及雌花大小方面有所差異。而山黃麻的成株與幼株常在葉形、葉的大小、葉基、葉上下表面被毛程度有差異，為個體發育上的變異。雜交種在形態方面介於山油麻與銳葉山黃麻之間，或是兼具兩者所特有的特徵。電子顯微鏡的觀察顯示山黃麻的葉下表面有其專一的基部圓球形、表面光滑、生長方向為匍匐的單細胞毛。
花粉可孕性檢定顯示雜交種的花粉可孕性較其它三種都為低，不過其可孕性變異範圍大，為48.5%-81.6%。
分子標記的研究在加成性檢驗上，山油麻特有的8個條帶中，有6條出現在雜交種的分子標記中;銳葉山黃麻特有的14條條帶，有11條出現在雜交種的分子標記中;而雜交種的分子標記中並無發現山黃麻特有的14條條帶的任何一條條帶。在雜交種分子標記中的某些位點，皆缺少山油麻某一條帶，而為隱性同型結合的情況，推測可能與銳葉山黃麻有回交的事件發生。而以分子標記所構築的相似性樹狀圖，全部個體分為四群，雜交種位於山油麻與銳葉山黃麻之間，不過較接近於銳葉山黃麻。

The morphological characters, pollen viability, and molecular markers are used in this study to assess the inter-species differentiation in Taiwan Trema( T. orientalis, T. tomentosa, T. cannabina, and the hybrid ). The hybrid was proposed to have been originated from T. tomentosa and T. cannabina natural hybridization with morphological, pollen viability and molecular marker evidences.
The four taxa are variable in the following morphological characters: growth form, terminal bud color, leaf size, leaf apex, leaf base, leaf vestiture, leaf texture, leaf nerves, petiole, stipule size, inflorescence sex, male and female inflorescence length, flower number, mature fruit color, perianth vestiture, male flower perianth size, pistillode size, pistillode shape, filament length, and female flower size. The author also found differences in leaf shape, leaf size, leaf base, and leaf vestiture between adult and juvenile individuals of T. orientalis are ontogenetical variations. The hybrid is morphological intermediate between T. tomentosa and T. cannabina, possessing species-specific morphological characters of either species. Leaf trichome morphology was observed under scanning electronic microscope, and a unicellular trichome type with bulbous base, smooth surface, and creeping looking, is specific to T. orientalis leaf abaxial surface.
In pollen viability tests, the hybrid had the lowest average pollen stainbility among tour taxa, but varied widely from 48.5 % to 81.6 %.
In additivity test of molecular markers, for all 8 species-specific molecular markers of T. tomentosa, 6 were detected in hybrid; for all 14 species-specific molecular markers of T. cannabina, 11 were detected in hybrid; and none of 14 species-specific molecular markers of T. orientalis were detected in hybrid. Additionally, there were some recessive homozygote alleles detected in hybrid molecular marker, and even missing in T. tomentosa molecular markers. According to this evidence, there was a possible introgression between the hybrid and parental species-T. cannabina. In similarity dendrogram derived from molecular markers, all samples were clustered into four taxa-corresponded groups, the hybrid was placed between T. tomentosa and T. cannabina, and closely related to T. cannabina.

中文摘要 Ⅰ
英文摘要 Ⅱ
目錄 III
表目錄 Ⅳ
圖目錄 Ⅴ
前言 1
研究材料及方法 4
結果 7
討論 14
引用文獻 19
附錄 51

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http://www.efloras.org/florataxon.aspx?flora_id=1&taxon_id=133312