本研究以螢光衰減法針對不同離子強度下的腐植酸(LHA)和含
氮的多環芳香烴(benzo(h)quinoline，簡稱BHQ)的結合係數進行量
測。BHQ 是一種鹼性多環芳香烴，在中及高pH 值下以BHQ 為優勢
物種，但在低pH 值下則轉變成為benzo(h)quinolinium(簡稱BHQ+)。
溶液中加入鹽類後，高及中pH 值下因為陽離子和LHA 分子上的負
電官能基作用而造成LHA 分子捲曲變形而使得KDOC 值的下降，且不
同陽離子下，電荷密度越大會造成KDOC 衰減程度越大；而對不同陰
離子，則會因為陽離子種類對LHA 負電官能基的親合力大小而有所
影響；低pH 值下則會因為陽離子和LHA 分子上的負電官能基結合
減少了LHA 與BHQ+結合的機會，而陽離子所提供的結合位基越多，
使得KDOC 衰減程度的越大。

This study investigates the influence of ionic strength on the binding
constant (KDOC) between benzo(h)quinoline (BHQ) and LHA by using
fluorescence quenching method. Being a basic polycyclic aromatic
hydrocarbon, BHQ is the dominated solute as the solution’s pH value is
higher than BHQ’s pKb. In contrast, BHQ+ is the major species as the
solution’s pH value is lower than BHQ’s pKb. In a salty neutral or basic
LHA solution, the cation will bind with the acidic functional groups of
LHA, then the conformation of LHA would be coiled up to be small in
size. Due to that, leading to the decrease of the corresponding BHQ’s
KDOC. Furthermore, the charge density of cation is an important factor in
control of the variation of BHQ’s KDOC. The lower charge density of
cation is, the less BHQ’s KDOC varied. Besides, SO4
2- may suppress the
binding affinity between Na+ and the acidic function groups of LHA, so
that lower variation of BHQ’s KDOC was observed than that of Cl- in a
Na+ contained LHA solution. In an acidic solution, cation will also bind
with the acidic functional groups of LHA, leading to the decrease of the
binding sites of BHQ+ on LHA and the corresponding BHQ+’s KDOC.
Besides, Mg2+ could provide more binding sites for the acidic functional
groups of LHA than Na+, so that the variation of BHQ+’s KDOC with
Mg2+ addition is higher than that with Na+ addition.

中文摘要..................................................................................................Ⅰ
英文摘要.................................................................................................. II
目錄..........................................................................................................III
圖目錄.......................................................................................................V
表目錄......................................................................................................IX
附表目錄...................................................................................................X
第一章 前言……………………………………………………………..1
第二章 文獻回顧 …………………………………………….………...3
2-1 溶解性有機物.................................................................................3
2-2 腐植質.............................................................................................4
2-3 疏水性有機污染物.........................................................................9
2-4 多環芳香烴化合物.......................................................................10
2-5 水環境因子對HOPs吸附行為之影響.........................................14
第三章 實驗材料及方法 ……………………………………………..20
3-1 實驗材料.......................................................................................20
3-2 實驗方法.......................................................................................21
3-2-1 實驗方法的選用....................................................................21
IV
3-2-2 螢光衰減法原理概述............................................................24
3-2-3 螢光理論校正公式................................................................27
3-3 實驗步驟.......................................................................................28
第四章 結果與討論………………………... ………………………....31
4-1 螢光衰減法之建立.......................................................................31
4-1-1 螢光衰減法之適用性............................................................31
4-2 離子強度效應對BHQ-LHA之KDOC的影響.................................33
4-2-1 不同陽離子對BHQ-LHA之KDOC的影響.............................42
4-2-2 不同陰離子對BHQ-LHA之KDOC的影響.............................64
第五章 結論與建議……………………………………………………70
5-1 結論...............................................................................................70
5-2 建議...............................................................................................72
參考文獻……………………………………………………………......73
附錄……………………………………………………………………..79
V
圖 目 錄
圖2-1、腐植質於處理程序下所得不同產物圖解.....................................5
圖2-2、腐植質似微胞模型.........................................................................7
圖2-3、(a)電解質加入造成高分子收縮之示意圖；(b)pH值及氯化鈉濃
度變化下，HA及FA之分子結構示意圖.................................................18
圖3-1、動態及靜態衰減示意圖 .............................................................26
圖3-2、內吸收效應校正公式中部分與石英試樣槽之參數示意圖.......26
圖4-1、BHQ-LHA結合實驗之Stern-Volmer plot ...................................32
圖4-2、在高pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中 (a) F0、FHA及f之螢光強度
與Na2SO4 離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百
分比和Na2SO4 離子強度之關係。…………………………..35
圖4-3、中pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中(a)F0、FHA及f之螢光強度和
Na2SO4 離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化量和
Na2SO4離子強度之關係。…………………………………....37
圖4-4、在高pH值及中pH值下BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和
Na2SO4 離子強度之關係。…………………………………..39
圖4-5、低pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中(a)F0、FHA及f之螢光強度和
Na2SO4 離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化量和
Na2SO4 離子強度之關係。…………………………………41
VI
圖4-6、在高pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中(a)F0、FHA及f之螢光強度與
MgSO4 離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化量和
MgSO4 離子強度之關係。………………………..................44
圖4-7、在高pH值下，BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和Na2SO4 及
MgSO4 離子強度之關係。………………………………..…45
圖4-8、在中pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中螢光強度(a)F0、FHA及f之螢
光強度與MgSO4 離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變
化量和MgSO4 離子強度之關係。……………………………47
圖4-9、在中pH值下，BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和Na2SO4 及
MgSO4 離子強度之關係。…………………………………..48
圖4-10、在低pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中(a)F0、FHA及f之螢光強度
與MgSO4 離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化量
和MgSO4離子強度之關係。………………………………..50
圖4-11、低pH值下BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和Na2SO4 及MgSO4
離子強度之關係。......................................................................51
圖4-12、在高pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗(a)F0、FHA及f之螢光強度與
MgCl2 離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化量和
MgCl2 離子強度之關係。........................................................53
圖4-13、在高pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中(a)F0、FHA及f之螢光強度
VII
與NaCl離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化量和
NaCl離子強度之關係。............................................................54
圖4-14、在高pH值BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和MgCl2 及NaCl離
子強度之關係。..........................................................................55
圖4-15、在中pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中(a)F0、FHA及f之螢光強度
與MgCl2 離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化量
和MgCl2離子強度之關係。......................................................57
圖4-16、在中pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中(a)F0、FHA及f之螢光強度
與NaCl離子強度間之關係；(b)BHQ-LHA結合係數變化量和
NaCl離子強度之關係。............................................................58
圖4-17、在中pH值下BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和MgCl2 及NaCl
離子強度之關係。....................................................................59
圖4-18、在低pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中F0、FHA及f之螢光強度與
MgCl2 離子強度間之關係。....................................................62
圖4-19、在低pH值下BHQ-LHA結合實驗中F0、FHA及f之螢光強度與
NaCl離子強度間之關係。........................................................62
圖4-20、不同離子強度下螢光物種BHQ+之三為螢光圖譜…………...63
圖4-21、在高pH值下BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和MgCl2 及
MgSO4 離子強度之關係。......................................................65
VIII
圖4-22、在中pH值下BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和MgCl2 及
MgSO4 離子強度之關係。......................................................66
圖4-23、在高pH值下BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和Na2SO4 及
NaCl離子強度係。....................................................................67
圖4-24、在中pH值BHQ-LHA結合係數變化百分比和Na2SO4 及NaCl
離子強度之關係。....................................................................68
IX
表 目 錄
表2- 1、常見31 種PAHs 結構、物性、化性及生物特性列表………………..12
表2- 1、常見31 種PAHs 結構、物性、化性及生物特性列表(續)……………13
X
附表目錄
附錄一、圖4-1 實驗結果(benzo(h)quinoline-LHA)；IS=0mM……………….…...80
附錄二、圖4-1 實驗結果(benzo(h)quinoline-LHA)；IS=0.25mM…………….…..81
附錄三、圖4-1 實驗結果(benzo(h)quinoline-LHA)；IS=1mM…………….………82
附錄四、圖4-2、4-4、4-7 及4-23 中Na2SO4 離子強度效應實驗結果…….……83
附錄四、圖4-2、4-4、4-7 及4-23 中Na2SO4 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)……....84
附錄五、圖4-3、4-4、4-9 及4-24 中Na2SO4 離子強度效應實驗結果……….…85
附錄五、圖4-3、4-4、4-9 及4-24 中Na2SO4 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)...........86
附錄六、圖4-5 及4-11 中Na2SO4 離子強度效應實驗結果………………………87
附錄六、圖4-5 及4-11 中Na2SO4 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)………………….88
附錄七、圖4-6、4-7 及4-21 中MgSO4 離子強度效應實驗結果…………………89
附錄八、圖4-8、4-9 及4-22 中MgSO4 離子強度效應實驗結果……………...…90
附錄八、圖4-8、4-9 及4-22 中MgSO4 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)………..…..91
附錄九、圖4-10 及4-11 中MgSO4 離子強度效應實驗結果…………………......92
附錄九、圖4-10 及4-11 中MgSO4 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)……………..…..93
附錄十、圖4-12、4-14 及4-21 中MgCl2 離子強度效應實驗結果…………..…..94
附錄十、圖4-12、4-14 及4-21 中MgCl2 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)………...…95
附錄十一、圖4-13、4-14 及4-23 中NaCl 離子強度效應實驗結果……………….96
附錄十一、圖4-13、4-14 及4-23 中NaCl 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)……….....97
附錄十二、圖4-15、4-17 及4-22 中MgCl2 離子強度效應實驗結果……….…...98
附錄十二、圖4-15、4-17 及4-22 中MgCl2 離子強度效應實驗結果.(續)……......99
附錄十三、圖4-16、4-17 及4-24 中NaCl 離子強度效應實驗結果………….…100
附錄十三、圖4-16、4-17 及4-24 中NaCl 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)…….…..101
附錄十四、圖4-18 中MgCl2 離子強度效應實驗結果…………………………...102
附錄十四、圖4-18 中MgCl2 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)………………………103
XI
附錄十五、圖4-19 中NaCl 離子強度效應實驗結果…………………………….104
附錄十五、圖4-19 中NaCl 離子強度效應實驗結果(續)….…………………….105

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徐士涵 (2006)，水環境因子對含氮多環芳香烴化合物與膠體性有機物結合係數
之影響-pH 值與離子強度，國立中山大學海洋海洋環境及工程研究所碩士論
文。
陳鎮東 (1994)，海洋化學，國立編譯館，台北市。