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博碩士論文 etd-0901111-223951 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0901111-223951
論文名稱
Title
本國攝護腺肥大患者經尿道攝護腺切除手術後之預後及醫療效益分析
Analysis of Long Term Prognosis and Efficacy of TURP in Taiwan
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
69
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2011-07-18
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2011-09-01
關鍵字
Keywords
經尿道攝護腺刮除手術、經尿道攝護腺刮除手術之第二次手術、經尿道攝護腺刮除手術晚期併發症、經尿道攝護腺刮除手術後尿道狹窄、經尿道攝護腺刮除手術後膀胱頸攣縮
Post-TURP Re-intervention, Post-TURP Urethral stricture, risk factor for TURP re-intervention, TURP Late Complication, Post-TURP Bladder Neck Contracture, Re-intervention of TURP
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5646 次,被下載 1571
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5646 times, has been downloaded 1571 times.
中文摘要
【研究背景】
良性攝護腺肥大是全球中、老年男性最常見的慢性疾病,「經尿道攝護腺刮除手術」(TURP)為臨床上治療良性攝護腺肥大之指標性手術。但關於TURP手術後之晚期併發症,本國過去並無大型研究,國際文獻中亦少有長期追蹤之報告。

【研究目的】
本研究之目的為了解本國接受TURP患者手術後長時間的疾病演化過程,以病患接受再介入處置(Re-intervention),即接受第二次手術(Secondary Procedure)治療之時間及個案數,探討TURP手術後之晚期併發症及其第二次手術發生率,了解TURP手術有效改善排尿症狀維持之時程。除與國外文獻比較本國與他國TURP手術術後之醫療效益,並分析病患特質(年齡、共病性),就醫醫療單位類別(醫療機構權屬、等級)及地理位置、城鄉差異,對實施此手術之預後是否有差異,最後以邏輯式回歸進行影響二次手術發生危險因子的預測,以提供醫、病間選擇最適合之治療方式之參考,及作為老年醫療長期照護政策規劃之依據,並可提供臨床研究TURP患者手術後長時間病程演化之文獻參考。

【研究方法】
本研究利用健保局全民健保資料庫承保抽樣歸人檔,2001~2007 年百萬人之就醫資料庫,住院醫療清單明細檔(DD檔),以回溯性研究法(retrospective study),以資料庫2001、2002、2003年之就醫資料,選出接受TURP手術之個案,追蹤5年間手術之預後,以此3個世代(cohort),分析手術後5年間第二次手術之發生率。並初步探討不同病患特質與醫療機構特性在第二次手術分佈之統計差異,進行影響第二次手術發生之危險因子的預測。

【研究結果】
一、 TURP及二次手術盛行率:
本研究結果2001、2002、2003年間,總共有1,225名病患接受TURP手術,個案平均年齡為71.52 ± 7.65歲(47-94 歲)。在追蹤5年期間,有140名病患(11.43%)發生第二次手術。
二、 第二次手術復發次數及人數:
1. 本研究中,71位接受第二次TURP手術個案,在觀察的5年中,有62個病患接受2次TURP手術,7個病患3次手術,1名病患4次手術及1名病患8次手術。其中8次手術個案在手術均在同一家醫院執行。
2. 本研究中,35位接受尿道狹窄相關手術個案,在觀察的5年中,有25個病患總共手術2次,8個病患手術3次,2名病患手術4次。
3. 本研究中,34位接受膀胱頸攣縮相關手術個案,在觀察的5年中,有33個病患總共手術2次,1個病患手術3次。
三、 就醫醫院、病患特質之影響:
1. 未發生二次手術病患與發生二次手術病患年齡及共病性無顯著性差異。
2. 未發生二次手術病患與發生二次手術病患就醫醫院等級、權屬不同、地理位置、城鄉差異對手術預後影響並無顯著性差異。
四、 預測第二次手術發生的危險因子:
1. 病患特質(年齡、共病性)、醫療提供者醫療機構權屬、等級、是否教學醫院對第二次手術的發生無顯著影響。
2. 醫療提供者類別中,地理位置分類之下,中部地區醫院相較於北部地區醫院的相對危險性為0.58,有顯著較低發生二次手術的趨勢。

【研究討論】
1. 本研究結果,TURP手術術後長時間追蹤,臨床上仍有下泌尿道症狀復發之情形,病患必須繼續接受治療,以改善排尿症狀。雖然藥物治療進步,但部分病患仍必須接受再介入處置(第二次手術治療)。而隨著藥物治療之進步,接受此手術之病患平均年齡有提高之趨勢,增加手術風險,未來在醫療保險,尤其老年醫療照護政策之制定,必須將此部分醫療需求詳加規劃。
2. 本研究結果,TURP手術臨床治療成果已與先進國家水準相當。雖然全民健保實施以來,就醫民眾與醫療界多所抱怨,但本研究結果顯示就此疾病治療而言,在目前的醫療保險制度或醫療環境中,呈現高水準之醫療效益。
3. 本研究結果,病患就醫醫院城鄉差異、等級對手術預後影響並無顯著性差異。顯示以台灣目前的專科醫師訓練制度,執行成效良好。住院醫師於醫學中心接受完整之。專科醫師養成教育,於專業知識與技能成熟後,於地區醫院亦可提供高品質之醫療服務。
4. 本研究結果,病患就醫醫院等級、權屬對手術預後影響並無顯著性差異。因此,未來在醫療保險制度規劃上,應以制度面增加小病至小醫院就醫之機制,例如強化轉診制度,除重症轉診至醫學中心或大型教學醫院治療外,亦加強輕症下轉至地區醫院就醫診治,以保存醫學中心或大型教學醫院珍貴的醫療資源,強化醫學研究與重症治療之功能。
5. 於本研究文獻研讀過程中發現,國外已有諸多研究著眼於低侵入性或低併發症之先進科技之治療項目,例如雷射手術等,而其預後或併發症之發生,皆有令人滿意之進展。未來在醫療保險制度規劃上,尤其老年醫療照護政策之規畫,應考量增加此類治療方式,以為病患選擇治療時,提供最適當之治療模式。
Abstract
BPH(Benign prostate hyperplasia)is one of the most common chronic diseases in aging male around the globe. TURP(Transurethral Resection of Prostate)remains the gold standard procedure of choice in BPH treatment. But limited literatures regarding the late complication of TURP was available.
For understanding the long term follow up result after TURP, and predict the risk factors for re-intervention, we accessed the hospital claims for TURP from the National Health Insurance database, utilizing data from 2001 to 2007 , in 2001, 2002, 2003 TURP cases, we followed each cohort for 5 years to evaluate the late complications. We also examined the association between the characteristics of patient, hospital and the long term prognosis.
In this study we found that from 2001to 2003, totally 1,225 patients under went TURP surgery, with the average age 71.52 ± 7.65 years (47-94 years). Among these cases, 140 patients (11.43%) experienced secondary surgery. Of the 140 secondary surgery patients, 71 received a secondary TURP, 35 received urethral stricture related surgery and 34 received bladder neck contracture related surgery.
The study revealed both the characteristics of the patient and the hospital did not show significantly effect to the long term prognosis. In prediction the risk factors of the secondary surgery, the logistic regression analysis revealed those hospitals located at the central part of Taiwan compared to those at northern part of Taiwan showed a relative risk of 0.58, a significant trend of lower risk for secondary surgery. Otherwise, except this geographic location difference, other characteristics of the patient and the hospital show no significantly risk to the post-TURP second surgery.
Conclusion of our study, the result of TURP surgery in Taiwan was fairly equal to that in advanced countries. Patient comorbidity, treated in different level, ownership hospitals resulted no significant difference in post-TURP prognosis.
目次 Table of Contents
中文摘要 I
ABSTRACT IV
目 錄 V
圖 次 VI
表 次 VI
第一章 緒論 1
第一節 研究背景及動機 1
第二節 研究目的 3
第二章 文獻研討 4
第一節 攝護腺肥大的流行病學與臨床病理 4
第二節 良性攝護腺肥大的治療方式 8
一、 追蹤觀察(Watchful waiting) 8
二、 藥物治療 8
三、 經尿道攝護腺切除手術(TURP, Transurethral Resection of Prostatectomy) 9
四、 雷射攝護腺手術 9
五、 開放性攝護腺切除手術(Open Prostatectomy) 10
六、 其他低侵入性手術 10
七、 其他新科技輔助之手術 10
第三節 TURP的療效與併發症 12
一、 TURP手術的執行 12
二、 TURP的手術治療效果 16
三、 TURP的晚期併發症(Late Complication) 16
(一) 攝護腺腺體增生的再治療 17
(二) 尿道狹窄併發症的手術 17
(三) 膀胱頸攣縮併發症的手術 18
(四) 尿失禁併發症的手術 18
第四節 TURP再介入處置的發生率 20
一、 Re-intervention(再介入處置)的總發生率 20
二、 第二次TURP手術 22
三、 尿道狹窄之相關手術 25
四、 膀胱頸攣縮之相關手術 27
五、 尿失禁之相關手術 29
六、 TURP手術的Late Complication與 Re-intervention 31
第三章 研究方法 32
第一節 研究架構、抽樣方法與資料收集程序 32
第二節 資料處理與分析方法 34
描述性統計分析 34
推論性統計分析 34
第四章 研究結果 35
第一節 描述性統計分析 35
第二節 推論性統計分析 42
第三節 研究結果摘要 45
一、 TURP及二次手術盛行率: 45
二、 二次手術復發次數及人數: 46
三、 就醫醫院、病患特質之影響: 46
四、 以病患特質或醫療提供者類別,預測第二次手術的發生之危險因子: 46
第五章 討論與建議 47
第一節 研究討論 47
1. 本研究之代表性 47
2. TURP手術盛行率 47
3. 二次手術發生率 48
4. 就醫醫院等級、地理位置與病患特質的影響 49
5. 二次手術之發生次數與就醫過程 49
6. 以病患特質或醫療提供者類別,預測第二次手術的發生之影響 50
第二節 研究限制 51
第三節 建議 52
參考文獻 53
一、 中文文獻: 53
二、 英文文獻: 54
參考文獻 References
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