由於多年來漁業過度捕撈及海域環境之汙染，使得原本豐富的天然資源逐年減少，進而導致魚獲量下降，故聯合國糧農組織(FAO)對全球水產品，做出數年之後將發生供不應求情形的推測。而如何提供人類日漸減少的漁產來源，也成為必須思考、解決的問題。而若以海洋生態復育以及漁業永續發展兩個面向為首要考量指標，發展培育及栽培型之漁法及漁具就成為漁業永續發展必行之路。在水產資源日漸短缺的環境中，經濟魚種的取得，可借由人工繁殖的方式來提供人類的需求，而定置網所捕獲的成魚則是最佳的繁殖種魚來源。此外，定置網漁具設置地點為近岸，作業的船隻小，一般皆用船外機，不須要追逐魚群入網，屬於消極性漁撈方法，油料成本約僅占整個漁撈成本的2~5﹪；與其他主動性以網具積極圍捕魚群入網之主動性漁具相比，具有經濟成本優勢。例如:日本近年來所嘗試養殖之黑鮪魚種魚，主要來自定置網所捕獲。為提高漁具捕撈效率，則網具敷設在海中之安全性為必要考慮因素。本研究主要針對現有台東三仙台定置網具，建立數值模式模擬網具結構受力行為，數值模式是採用質量集結點法為計算基礎，計算出各構件的受力，再由動力分析出纜繩張力用以決定錨碇系統所需之錨碇塊大小與纜繩強度，期冀能發展出一套有系統的工程技術提供定置網捕撈業者參考與應用。

Due to decades overfishing and pollution of marine environment, the originally abundant fish stocks in the nearshore area has diminished tremendously. According to the report of Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO), the global fish production will be insufficient to supply for human being in the near future. Therefore, how to solve this critical scenario has become an important issue. And if considering the possibility of restoring marine ecological system and its sustainable development, then the installation of set-net facilities in the nearshore may become a good alternative solution. For example, black tuna species farmed in Japan in recent years were artificially bred with set net catches. In addition, set net gear is installed close to shore and fishers normally operate a small vessel with an outboard engine. Instead of an active fishing gear, set net fishing is actually a passive gear, which makes fuel cost only account for 2 ~ 5% of overall cost. Compared with other types of fisheries that use active gear to capture and entrap targeted species, set net fishing is more economical and fuel efficient. To improve the efficiency of fishing, it is necessary to consider the securityof fishing gear in the sea. The objective of this study is to establish a numerical model to simulate the dynamic behavior of the set-net system located at Sansiantai, Taitung County. The numerical model is based on the small body concept and lumpedmass method to calculate the force on each component. The maximum mooring line tension at anchor as well as the minimum weight of anchors will also be examined, and some valuable technical guidelines can be offered to the set-net fishing.

摘要 I
Abstract II
目錄 III
表目錄 IV
圖目錄 VI
符號對照表 VIII
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究背景及目的 2
1.3 文獻回顧 4
1.3.1 台灣定置網漁業發展 4
1.3.2 影響定置網漁業之因子 5
1.3.3 定置網漁業漁場條件與特性 8
1.3.4 台灣漁獲現況 9
1.3.5 颱風對網具的影響 10
1.4 研究對象 10
1.5 研究方法 10
1.6 本文架構 11
第二章 定置網及基本理論 13
2.1 定置網結構介紹 17
2.1.1 垣網 19
2.1.2 運動場網 19
2.1.3 登網 19
2.1.4 箱網 20
2.1.5 錨碇系統 20
2.2 波流場的基本假設 21
2.3 定置網具構件受力分析 24
2.3.1 重力 24
2.3.2 浮力 24
2.3.3 張力 25
2.3.4 流阻力與慣性力 25
第三章 數值模式 27
3.1 網具受力計算方式 27
3.2 構件受力情況與質量集結點之運動方程式 28
3.2.1 纜繩 28
3.2.2 網片 29
3.2.3 重錘 30
3.2.4 運動方程式 30
3.3 RUNGE-KUTTA METHOD 32
3.4 數值計算流程 33
第四章 數值模式結果 35
4.1 資料收集 35
4.1.1 海象資訊 35
4.2 數值模式計算結果 39
4.2.1 定置網分析條件 39
4.2.2 波浪資料選取 41
4.2.3 模擬結果 42
4.2.4 遮蔽效應 47
4.3 模擬結果討論 49
第五章 結論與建議 51
5.1 結論 51
5.2 建議 52
參考文獻 53
附錄A 纜繩材料尺寸資料表 57
附錄B 網片與網目 58
附錄C 纜繩與網片 61
附錄D 錨碇設計 71

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