西施舌是分布在台灣西南沿岸的深埋型二枚貝類，具有很長之出入水管以及發達之斧足。根據養殖場及實驗室飼育之經驗，發現西施舌在無泥沙潛埋的環境下，便會於數日內死亡，但若將之綑綁橡皮筋或切斷絞鍊，則可以在實驗室中飼育超過一個月。本實驗探討西施舌閉殼情形與死亡之關係，並與生活環境相似之文蛤相比較。在型態上，測量西施舌與文蛤閉殼肌面積相對於殼面的大小之百分比、絞鍊張殼力量之大小（閉殼力）以及對閉殼肌進行組織切片，並與文蛤比較；並在生化上，以Fructose 2,6-biphosphate為指標物質，來判斷西施舌閉殼肌是否持續進行醣解作用，而產生大量的能量。結果顯示，西施舌平均閉殼肌比例為36.65﹪，文蛤為41.19﹪；兩物種間之閉殼力與閉殼肌面積回歸線以及閉殼力與閉殼肌溼重回歸線趨勢相同，但兩者閉殼力有顯著差異，西施舌大小個體之閉殼力差異較文蛤來得小；西施舌平均單位面積肌原纖維之比例為55.60﹪，文蛤為83.29﹪，表示西施舌閉殼肌確實較文蛤鬆散；鬆開綑綁橡皮筋的西施舌閉殼肌在前六小時內fru 2,6-BP含量變化起伏甚大，最高可達到7.58μmole/mg，六至二十四小時內，未有上升之現象，顯示西施舌鬆開橡皮筋六小時內會耗能，而後無耗能現象。

Sanguinolaria rostrata is a deep site-burrowing bivalve commonly found in the southwest coastal waters of Taiwan. It has a long siphon extending to the surface. It is reported that exposed S. rostrata dies in few days without silt. However trussing it up rubber bands or cut off the hinge, it can survive for over one month in the laboratory. In this study the relation of shell closing and mortality for S. rostrata were examined and compared with the hard clam Meretrix lusoria in the similar environments. The size of adductor muscle and its ratio to the shell size, the strength of shell closing and the tissue structure of adductor muscle were examined. The quantities of fructose 2,6- biphosphate, an intermediate of glycolysis, in the adductor muscle of S. rostrata were determined. The results indicated that the average strength of closing shell for S. rostrata was 36.65% and for M. lusoria was 41.19%. The trends of tropic shell closing strength and the size of adductor muscle as well as shell closing strength and the adductor muscle wet weight were the same for the two species. The ranges of strength for muscle closing among S. rostrata of different sizes were smaller than those of M. lusoria. The average ratio of the adductor muscle microfiber to muscle was 55.6﹪for S. rostrata and 83.2﹪ for M. lusoria. Therefore, the adductor muscle of S. rostrata is looser to M. lusoria. The concentration of fructose 2,6- biphosphate fluctuated widely to the unclamped S. rostrata in the first 6 hours and the concentration reached 7.58μmole/mg at most. The concentration did not rise between 6 and 24 hours, indicating that unclamped S. rostrata consumed energy within the first 6 hours, then showed no sign of consuming energy.

中文摘要………………………………………………………..…….…Ι
英文摘要……………………………………...………...………………Ⅱ 　　
目錄…………………………………………………..………….……...Ⅳ
表目錄………………………………………………….…………….…Ⅴ
圖目錄………………………………………………….…………….…Ⅵ

前言…………………….………….………………………………....….1
材料與方法…………………………………..……………………….…7
1.西施舌與文蛤之來源……………………………………………7
2.馴養及飼育………………………………………………….…...7
3.藻類來源與培養…………………………………………………7
4.閉殼肌大小比例之測定…………………………………………8
5.二枚貝之閉殼力量測定.……………………………….………..9
6.閉殼肌組織觀察………………………………………………...10
7.生化方面測定………………………………………….………..11
8.資料處理………………………………..…….…………………13
結果………………………………………………..…………………....15
1.閉殼肌大小比例…………………………………………..…….15
2.閉殼力測定……………………………………………………...16
3.組織觀察…………………………………………………...……16
4.生化方面檢定………………………………… …...……..….…17
討論…………………………………………………….….……………18
1.閉殼肌大小比例…..…………………………………………….18
2.閉殼力…………………………………………..……….…..…..19
3.組織觀察……………………………………….………………..21
4.生化方面測定…………………………………………………...22
總結……………………………………………………………………..24
參考資料………………………………………………………………..25

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