本研究主要目的在探討組織層次與跨層次中，倫理機制、倫理氣候與倫理行為之關係。本研究係以某電信業網路工程維運部門為研究對象，問卷發放369份，回收有效問卷305份。主要結論歸納如下：
一、轉換型領導與組織承諾的關係
1. 轉換型領導與組織承諾整體呈顯著正相關。
2. 若部屬感受到來自主管心靈的激勵，則能給予部屬在努力與價值承諾上正面的影響；若部屬感受到來自主管魅力的影響，則能給予部屬在留任承諾上正面的影響。
3. 主管展現轉換型領導程度的高低，並非是影響部屬組織承諾改變的關鍵因素。
二、轉換型領導與組織公民行為的關係
1. 主管加強轉換型領導對部屬「組織認同」「人際和睦」「公私分明」「敬業守法」「協助同事」的提昇有幫助。
2. 轉換型領導做為一個組織層次的變數，它最能解釋「人際和睦」的變異。

This thesis is to study the relationship among transformational leadership, organizational commitment and organizational citizenship behavior within team levels and cross-levels. The analysis demonstrated in this thesis is based on 305 questionnaires collected from 63 leaders and 242 questionnaires from team members. The conclusions are listed as following.
1. The relationship between transformational leadership and organizational commitment
(1) Transformational leadership positively impacts organizational commitment.
(2) If the team members feel the inspiration from leaders, it will positively impact team members’ value commitment; if they feel leaders’ Idealized Influence, they will be positively impacted in retention commitment.
(3) Transformational leadership is not the key factor of influencing team members’ organizational commitment.
2. The relationship between transformational leadership and organizational citizenship behavior
(1) If the leaders enhance their transformational leadership, it will be helpful of strengthening team members’ OCB in the aspects of identification with the company, interpersonal harmony, civic virtue, conscientiousness and altruism.
(2) In cross level, transformational leadership does effect the correlation to interpersonal harmony.

第一章 緒論 1
第一節　研究背景 1
第二節　研究動機 2
第三節　研究目的 2
第四節　研究流程 3
第二章 文獻探討 5
第一節　轉換型領導 5
第二節　組織承諾 11
第三節　組織公民行為 14
第四節　轉換型領導、組織承諾與組織公民行為 21
第三章　研究方法 21
第一節　研究架構與研究假設 22
第二節　資料蒐集方法與樣本特性分析 25
第三節　研究變項之衡量 31
第四節　統計分析方法 35
第四章 研究結果 38
第一節　樣本描述性統計分析 38
第二節　差異分析 41
第三節　相關分析 47
第四節　內部一致性檢定 49
第五節　假設檢定 51
第五章 結論與建議 58
第一節 研究結論 58
第二節　對企業、管理者及後續研究的建議 59
第三節 研究限制 59
參考文獻 61
附 錄 一 ：原始量表 68
附 錄 二：問卷內容 72

一、中文部份：

王榮春，2001。部屬對主管領導行為知覺、相關情境因素二者與部屬對主管反應及工作行為的關係。台北：國立政治大學心理學系博士論文。
林士奇，2001。轉換型領導、組織承諾與組織公民行為相關之研究－以中華電信南區分公司為例。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
林育理，2005。組織知識活動氣候對員工知識活動行為影響之研究：一個跨層次模式的驗證。中壢市：元智大學管理研究所碩士論文。
林淑姬，1992。薪酬公平、程式公正與組織承諾、組織公民行為關係之研究。台北：國立政治大學管理學研究所博士論文。
邵秀玲，2004。以社會資本觀點探討中階主管之事業生涯成功與工作績效。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
邱家彥，2005。轉換型領導、團隊異質性及團隊衝突與團隊學習關係之探討：團隊行為整合之中介角色。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
邱皓政，2006。多層次模型分析導論。台北：五南書局。
侯堂柱，2001。轉換型領導、組織承諾與組織公民行為之關係－以台灣電子業為例。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
施妤璇，2006。轉換型領導、交易型領導對工作績效與離職傾向之研究－以組織承諾為中介變項。中壢：國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
徐永庚，2003。轉換型領導、工作態度與組織公民行為關係之研究。屏東：國立屏東科技大學企業管理研究所。
高文宗，2006。主管領導型態對部屬工作投入及組織公民行為之影響。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
張仁杰，2001。領導者部屬交換理論與組織行為有關變數關係之研究。台南：國立成功大學企業管理研究所碩士論文。
梁文彥，2004。知覺外部聲望對組織認同與組織公民行為關係之跨層次分析－台灣紡織產業實證研究。台北：輔仁大學織品服裝研究所碩士論文。
郭莉真，2004。策略領導對組織績效之影響－以學習型組織為中介變數。台北：國立台北大學企業管理研究所博士論文。
陳玉鎂，2006。轉換型領導對工作滿足及組織承諾的影響－以工作特性為中介變項。中壢：國立中央大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
陳俊儒，2005。個人特性、人力資源管理活動與創新績效關係之多層級探討。台南：國立成功大學國際企業研究所博士論文。
陳嘉男，2006。轉換型領導對工作滿意及工作績效之影響－以安泰人壽保險股份有限公司為例。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。
溫金豐，1998。人力資源系統構形與組織績效關係之研究：以高科技廠商為例。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所博士論文。
廖思先，1999。轉換型領導、組織承諾與組織公民行為之關係－以台灣公立美術館為例。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。。
羅樹平，2004。組織承諾、工作滿意與組織公民行為間之實證研究－屏東縣警察為例。高雄：義守大學管理科學研究所。
蘇永富，2001。轉換型領導、組織承諾與組織公民行為關係之研究－以派外人員為例。高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。。
蔡慧貞，2006。倫理機制、倫理氣候與倫理行為之關係－以金融業理財專員為例。國立高雄：國立中山大學人力資源管理研究所碩士論文。。


二、英文部份:
Abraham, J.P. (2000), The Impact of Person and Organizational Value on Orgnizational Commitment. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 73:149-169.
Ackoff, R.L. (1999), Transformational Leadership. Strategy & Leadership27:20-25.Adler, N.J., & Ghadar, F.(1989), Globalization and Human Resource Management , Global Strategic Management, 1:179-205.
Barnard, C.I. (1938), The Eunctions of the Executive. Cambridge, Mass.: Havard University Press.
Bass, B. M. (1999). Two decades of research and development in transformational leadership. European Journal of Work & Organizational Psychology, 8(1), 9-32.
Bass, B.M. (1990). From Transactional To Transformational Leadership: Learningto share the vision. Organizational Dynamics, Winter.
Bass, B.M. (1985), Leadership and performance beyond Expectations. New York : Free Press.
Bass, B.M.(1999), Ethics, Character, and Authentic Transformational Leadership Behavior.Leadership Quarterly. 10:181-217.
Bateman, T.S., & Organ, D.W.(1983), Job satisfaction and the good soldier : The relationship between affect and employee “Citizenship”. Academy of Management Journal, 26:587-595.
Becher, H.S. (1960), Notes on the concept of commitment.American Journal of Sociology, 66:32-40.
Bennis, W.& Nanus, B.(1985), Leaders:The Strategies for Taking Charge.New York:Harper & Row.
Bennis, W.G, & Nanus, B. (1988), Leader:The Strategies for Taking Charge. common Wealth Publishing Co.Ltd.
Buchanan,B.Ⅲ.(1974). Govemment manager, business executive, and organization commitment. Public Administration Review, 34:339-347.
Burns, J.M.(1978), Leadership.New York:Haper & Row. Chowance, G.D., & Newstrom, C.N(1991), The Strategic Management of International Human Resources.Business Quarterly.Vol.56,pp.65-70.
Bryk, A. S., & Raudenbush, S. W. 1992. Hierarchical Linear Model. Newbury Park, CA: Sage.
Carless, S.A. (1998), Gender Difference in transformational Leadership : An Examination of Superior, Leader, and Subordinate Perspectives. Sex Role ; New York. 39:887-902.
Castro, S. L. 2002. Data analytic methods for the analysis of multilevel questions: A comparison of intraclass correlation coefficients, rWG(j), hierarchical linear modeling, within- and between-analysis, and random group resampling. The Leadership Quarterly, 13(2002): 69-93
Chen, Z.X., & Francesco, A.M. (2000), Employee Demography, Organizational Commitment,and Turnover Intentions in China : Do Cultrual Difference Matter ? Human Relations. 53:869.
Deluga, R.J. & Souza, J.(1991).The effects of transformational and transactional leadership style on the influencing behavior or subordinate police officers. Journal of Occupational Psychology, 64(1):49-55.
Downton, J.V.(1973). Rebel Leadership. New York:Free Press.Faranda, T. (1999), Transformation Leader. Incentive. 173:14-15.
Farh, J.L.,Podsakoff, P.M. & Organ, D.M.(1990).Accounting for organizational citizenship behavior: Leader fairness and task scope versus satisfaction. Journal of Management,16(4)Dec.:705-721.
Fiedler, F.E., Chemers, M.M., & Mahar,L.(1977), Improving Leadership Effectiveness:The Leader Match Concept. NY:John Wiley. Finegan, J.E. (2000), Cynicism About Organizational Chang. Group & Organization. 25:132-153.
Friedman, H.H., & Langbert, M. (2000), Transformational Leadersh-ip: Instituting Revolutionary Change in your Accounting Firm. The National Public Accountant. 45:8.
Fuller, J.B., & Morrison, R.(1999), The Effects of Psychological Empowerment on Transformational Leadership and Job Satisfaction. The Journal of Social Psychology. 139:389-391.
George, J. 1990. Personality, affect, and behavior in groups. Journal of Applied Psychology, 75(2): 107-116.
Graham, J.W.(1995). Leadership, moral development, and citizenship behavior. Business Ethics Quarterly, 5(1),pp.43-54.
Greiner, L.E.(1972).Evolution and revolution as organizations grow. Harvard Business Review , 17 July-Aug.: 37-46.
Hall, D.T., Schneider, B., & Nygren, H.T.(1970). Personal factor in organization identification. Administrative Science Quarterly, 15:179-189.
Hartog, D.N.D., & House, R.J.(1999), Culture Specific and Crossculturally Generalizable Implicit Leadership Theories : Are Attibutes of Charismatic/Transformational Leadership Universally Endorsed? Leadership Quarterly. 10:219-256.
Hater, J.J., & Bass, B.M.(1988). Supervisors’ evaluations and subordinates’ perceptions of transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology.73:695-702.
Hellriegel, D., & Slocum, J.W.(1995). Management, Ohio: South-Western college Publishing. House, R.J., & Mitchell, T.R.(1974), Path-goal Theory of Leadership. Journal of Contemporary Business. 3:81-97.
Hofmann, D. A. 1997. An overview of the logic and rationale of hierarchical linear models. Journal of Management, 23(6): 723-744.
Howell, J.M., & Avolio, B.J.(1993). Transformational leadership, transacit transacitional leadership,locus of control, and support for innovations: Key predictors of consolidated-business-unit performance. Journal of American Psychology, 78:545-568.
Hult, G.T.M., & Hurley, R.F. (2000), Leadership and Relationship Commitment : A Focus on the Supplier-Buyer-User Linkage. Industrial Marketing Management. 29:111-119.
Hunt, D.M., & Michael, C.(1983). Mentorship: A career training and development tool. Academy of Management Review, 17(1):475-485.
James, L. R., Demaree, R. G., & Wolf, G. 1984. Estimating within-group interrater reliability with and without response bias. Journal of Applied Psychology, 69: 85-98.
Janine, J.C. (1999), A Field Study of a Cognitive Approach to Understanding Transformational and Transaction Leadership. Leadership Quarterly.9:55-84.
Katz, D.(1964). The motivational basis of organizational behavior. Behavioral Science, 9:131-133.
Koh, W.L., Richard, M. & Terberg, J.R.(1995). The effects of transformational leadership on teacher attitudes and student performance in Singapore. Journal of Organizational Behavior,16.
Konovsky, M. & Organ, D.M.(1996) Dispositional and contextual determinants of organizational citizenship behavior.
Kotter, J.P.(1990).What leaders really do. Harvard Business Review, May-Ju-ne:103-111.
Kuchinke, K.P. (1999), Leadership and Culture: Work-Related Values and Leadership Styles among One Company’s U.S.and German Telecommunication Employees. Human Resource Development Quarterly. 10:135-154
March, R.M. & Mannari, H.(1977).Organizational commitment and Furnober: A prediction study. Administrative Science Quartely,22:57-75.
Mel, J.B. & Dumler, G.A (2000), The Impact of Employees Job Satisgaction on Organizational Commitment. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology. 55:125-146.
Mood, A. M., Graybill, F. A., & Boes, D. C. 1974. Introduction to the Theory of Statistics. New York: McGraw-Hill.
Moorman, R.H.(1993). The influence of congnitive and affective based job satisfaction measures on the relationship between satisfaction and organizational citizenship behavior. Human Relations, 46(6):759-776.
Moorman, R.H. & Blakely. G.L.(1995). Individualism-collectivism as an ind ividual difference predictor of organizational citizenship behavior. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 16(2):127-142.
Morris, J.H. and Sherman, J. D.(1981), Generalizability of an organizational commitment model. Academy of management Journal, 24:512-526.
Mowday, R., Steers, R., & Porter, L.(1982), Employee-Organization Linkage. New York : Academic Press.
Naumann, E.(1993), Organizational Predictors of Expatriate Job Satisfaction. Journal of International Business Studies. 24:61-80.
O’Reill, C. & Chatman, J.(1986). Organizational commitment and psychological attachment : the effects of compliance, identification on propocail behavior. Journal of Applied Psychology, 71:492-499.
Organ, D.W.(1988a). Organizational Citizenship Behavior : The Good Soldier Syndrome. MA : Lexington, Books.
Organ, D.W.(1988b). A restatement of the satisfaction-performance hypothesis. Journal of Management, 14:547-557.
Organ, D.W.(1990a). The motivational basis of organizational citizenship behavior, Ressearch in Organizational Behavior, 12:43-72.
Organ, D.W.(1990b). The subtle significance of job satisfaction. Clinical Management Review, 4:94-98.
Parry, K. (2000), Does Leadership help the Bottom Line. New Zealand Management . 47:38-41.
Pill, P. ; Terri A Scadura & Ethlyn A Williams (1999), Leadership and Organizational Justice : Similarities and Difference Across Cultures.Journal of International Business Study. 30:763-779.
Quinn, R. E. & Hall, R.H.(1983). Environments, organizations, and policy makers : Toward an integrative framework. in R.H. Hall and R.E. Quinn(eds). Organization Theory and Public Policy : Contributions and Limitations.
Beverly Hills, GA : Sage Publications. Rich, G.A. (1999), Salesperson Optimism: Can Sales Managers Enhance it and so what if they do? Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice. 7:53-63.
Rivka, G.A. (1999), Bilateral Transformational Leadership : A Approach for Fostering Ethical Conduct in Public Service Organizations. Administration & Society. 31:247-260.
Robbins,S. P.(1998) . Organizational Behavior, New Jersey : Prentice-Hall, Inc. Rynecki, W.C. (1998), Transformational Leaders and Doctrine in an age of Peace : Searching for a Tamer Billy Mitchell. Airpower Journal. 12:22-36.
Sashkin, M.(1989). “The visionary leader” in Taylor, R. L. & Rosenbach, W. E. Leadership Challenges for Todays Manager, McGraw Hill(UK).
Schnake. M., Cochran, D. & Dumler, M.(1993). The relationship between leadership, super leadership, and organizational citizenship behavior. Group & Organizational Management,18(3),September.
Schnake, M., Cochran, D. & Dumler, M.(1995).Encouraging organizational citizenship : The effects of job satisfaction, perceived equity and leadership. Journal of Managerial Issues,7(2):209-221.
Smith, C.A., Organ, D. W., & Near, J. P.(1983). Organizational citizenship behavior : Its nature and antecedents. Journal of Applied Psychology, 68(4) :653-663.
Snyder N.H., Graves M., Editors G.(1994). Leadership and vision. Business Horizon, Jan.-Feb.:1-7.
Steers,R. M.(1977). Antecedents and outcomes of organizational commitment. Administrative Science Quarterly, 26:46.
Van Dyne, L. V., Graham, J. W. & Dienesch, R.M.,(1994). Organizational citizenship behavior : construct redefinition, measurement, and validation.Academy of Management Journal , 37:765-802.
Vroom, V.H. & Yetton, P.W.(1973), Leadership and Decision-Making. Pittsburgh : University of Pittsburgh Press.
Wagner, S.L., & Rush, M.C. (2000), Altruistic Organizational Citizenship Behavior : Contex, Disposition, and Age. The Journal of Social Psychology. 140:379-391.
Wiener, Y.(1982), Commitment in Organization : A Normative View. Academy Of Management Review. 7:421-429.
Williams, L. J., & Anderson, S. E.(1991). Job satisfaction and organizational commitment as predictors of organizational citizenship and in-role behaviors.Journal of Management, 17:601-617.
Wilson, B. R.,(1975). The Noble Savages : The Primitive Origins of Charisma and Its Temporary Survival. Berkeley : University of California Press.
Winner, A. R.(1984). The Spellbinder : Charismatic Political Leadership. New Haren, CT : Yale University Press.
Yousef, D.A. (2000), Organizational Commitment as a Mediator of the Relationship between Islamic Work Ethic and Attitude Toward Organizational Chang. Human Relations . 53:513-537.
Yukl, G. A.(1989). Leadership in Organizations. Prentice-Hall, Inc.
Zaleznik, A.(1977). Managers and leaders : are they different? Harvard Business Review, 55(5):67-68.