本實驗主要在研究以無偏振性為主題的電控菲涅茲液晶透鏡，Fresnel lens在實驗中製程方法有兩種，第一種利用為顯影製程在玻璃基板上製作出Fresnel同心圓結構的光阻層，再利用SiO蒸鍍法做配向，藉由在液晶盒中有光阻區與無光阻區產生的相位差不同產生Fresnel lens。
第二種製程利用蝕刻ITO玻璃方式製作同心圓電極，藉由液晶盒內部有不同的電場分布使得奇數區域與偶數區域所造成的相位差異產生Fresnel lens的效果。
由於此兩種製程各有優缺點，第一種方法無法做到關掉(switch off)的效果，第二種方法卻沒有較高繞射效率。
本論文主要改良製程的方法將第二種製程利用雙電極去調控奇數區與偶數區製作無偏振性的液晶Fresnel lens，並針其對繞射效率無偏振性與反應時間做探討。

This study proposes a polarization-independent liquid-crystal Fresnel lens using twisted nematic liquid crystals (TN-LCs) with two electrodes structure. A photoresist type has high diffraction efficiency, high diffraction efficiency and good polarization independence characteristic. However, its diffraction cannot be completely switched off. A patterned electrode type has the characteristics of the switch-off and good polarization independence. However, it has low diffraction efficiency. We improve the patterned electrode type with two electrodes structure. Experimental results reveal that LC Fresnel lens using the TN-LC with two electrode structures has high diffraction efficiency and a good polarization-independent characteristic.

中文摘要……………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
abstract……………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
目錄…………………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
圖表目錄……………………………………………………………… VI

第一章 導論
1-1前言………………………………………………………………01
1-2液晶簡介…………………………………………………………03
1-2.1何謂液晶…………………………………………………..03
1-2.2液晶的歷史..........................................................................03
1-2.3液晶的種類………………………………………………...04
1-3Fresnel Lens 導論………………………………………………11
1-4Fresnel Zone Plate……………………………………………...13

第二章 實驗相關理論…………………………………………….16
2-1液晶的物理性質……………………………………………………16
2-1.1液晶分子排列的秩序參數…………………………………16
2-1.2液晶的彈性係數……………………………………………17
2-1.3液晶的介電異向性………………………………………..18
2-1.4液晶折射率之非均向性…………………………………..19
2-2液晶分子配向排列理論…………………………………………23
2-3Fresnel理論……………………………………………………..25
2-3.1Fresnel理論………………………………………………25
2-3.2 Theory of binary phase Fresnel lenses……………………..26
第三章 樣品製作與實驗架設……………………………………32
3-1.1材料介紹與實驗設計………………………………………….32
3-1.2樣品製作……………………………………………………….37
3-2實驗裝置………………………………………………………….50
3-2.1繞射效率量測………………………………………………50
3-2.2樣品偏振性量測……………………………………………52
3-2.3實驗樣品成像實驗裝置……………………………………53
3-2.4顯微鏡下CCD拍攝裝置…………………………………….55
3-2.5反應時間量測……………………………………………….56
第四章 實驗結果與分析……………………………………………58
4-1蝕刻ITO TN type Fresnellens…………………………………58
4-1.1顯微鏡下樣品拍攝結果……………………………………..58
4-1.2實驗分析……………………………………………………..64
4-1.3樣品繞射效率量測實驗結果………………………………..65
4-1.4實驗討論…………………………………………………….73
4-1.5樣品成像實驗結果………………………………………….74
4-1.6實驗討論…………………………………………………….77
4-1.7實驗樣品成像實驗………………………………………….78
4-1.8實驗結果與討論…………………………………………….79
4-1.9反應時間量測實驗………………………………………….83
4-1.10實驗討論……………………………………………………84
4-2蝕刻ITO 垂直配向 Fresnel lens………………………………85
4-2.1顯微鏡下樣品拍攝結果……………………………………..85
4-2.2樣品繞射強度量測實驗……………………………………100
4-2.3實驗分析……………………………………………………105
4-2.4反應時間量測實驗………………………………………..106
4-2.5實驗討論…………………………………………………...107
第五章 實驗結論與未來展望……………………………………..108
參考文獻................................................................................................109

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