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博碩士論文 etd-0904111-175125 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0904111-175125
論文名稱
Title
星野黑皮海綿在綠島和蘭嶼的族群動態
The population dynamic of a coral-killing black sponge, Terpios hoshinota at Green Island and Orchid Island.
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
60
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2011-07-26
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2011-09-04
關鍵字
Keywords
擴張、族群、覆蓋率、颱風、海綿、珊瑚礁
explode, sponge, population, typhoon, coverage, coral reef
統計
Statistics
本論文已被瀏覽 5685 次,被下載 1183
The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5685 times, has been downloaded 1183 times.
中文摘要
黑皮海綿(Terpios hoshinota)是一種具有共生藍綠菌,生長快速且大部分覆蓋在淺水域珊瑚上造成其死亡的黑灰色海綿。在2008年發現在綠島、蘭嶼地區產生了族群爆發的現象,並且預測五年內在大部分的海域黑皮海綿覆蓋率將有達到80%以上的潛力。本研究在2009及2010年對於生長在綠島水深2~3公尺、5公尺及蘭嶼水深2~3公尺進行了黑皮海綿密度、個體大小、覆蓋率以及石珊瑚覆蓋率的調查進行分析比較,並且對分布於不同向海岸的黑皮海綿進行颱風對於個體面積削減影響。在這三年間黑皮海綿的覆蓋率沒有顯著差異;生長在綠島水深2~3公尺的黑皮海綿的長徑以及密度沒有增加的現象;綠島水深5公尺以及蘭嶼水深2~3公尺都有黑皮海綿密度下降但長徑增加的現象。但增加的程度小於平均每天生長0.18公分。雖然海綿的覆蓋率在這三年間沒有顯著差異但生長在綠島的石珊瑚覆蓋率仍有顯著下降的趨勢。在2009年莫拉克颱風前,分別在綠島的三岸標定不同大小的海綿進行颱風對黑皮海綿個體影響的實驗,期間盛行風向為西南風。而在迎風面的西南岸海綿個體面積有顯著削減的現象,但其餘非迎風面的兩岸都沒有。且位於背風面的北岸被標記的海綿尋回比率顯著高於其餘兩岸。在黑皮海綿族群發生族群爆發的2006年,颱風的強度是2005至2009年間最小的一年,在尚未找到能夠抑制黑皮海綿持續擴張的生物因子,而颱風的物理性破壞可能是目前黑皮海綿族群在這兩座島嶼海域的擴張速度在2008年後呈現趨緩的主要因素。
Abstract
Terpios hoshinota is a blackish-gray cyanobacteriosponge encrusting on stony corals with fast expansion rates in shallow waters. The sponge population exploded at Green Island and Orchid Island during 2006 to 2008. Here, we surveyed at Green Island and Orchid Island in 2009 and 2010, compared the sponge densities, individual lengths, sponge coverage and scleractinian coral coverage between 2008 and 2010. We also tested the hypothesis that typhoon may play a role inhibiting the sponges by monitoring individual sponges before and after. In these three years, the sponge coverages remained the same; sponge length and densities had no significant difference at 2~3 m depth at Green Island, but densities decreased and length increase at 5 m depth at Green Island and 2~3 m depth at Orchid Island, but the rate increased was significant slower than average growth speed . Although sponge coverages were not significant different between these years, the scleractinian corals coverages decreased at Green Island among these years. The main wind direction was southwest during the Typhoon Marakot at Green Island, and only the sponges at southwest coast of Green Island decreased in size significantly among the three coasts monitored. The population of Sponge T. hoshinota exploded in 2006, the strength of typhoons were smaller than other years during 2005 to 2009. The typhoon may be the main factor that inhibiting the sponge T. hoshinota at these two islands.
目次 Table of Contents
論文審定書………………………………..………………………………………..i
謝辭………………………………………….……………………………………..ii
中文摘要…………………………………………………………………………..iii
英文摘要…………………………………………………………………………..iv
壹、前言…………………………………………………………………………...1
貳、材料方法…………………….………………….…………………………….6
參、結果………….……………………………………………………………......9
肆、討論………………….………………………………………………………12
參考文獻……………………………………………………………………….….16
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