本研究利用水產試驗所研究船水試一號於2005年一月至2006年十月期間在台灣四周海域所採集的水文資料及浮游動物樣品，藉此探討台灣海峽浮游翼足類群聚組成與豐度之時空分布及其與水文環境的相關性。結果發現浮游翼足類5科10屬29種，平均豐度為97.14 ± 66.16 ind./100 m3。翼足類豐度和種類數呈現明顯的季節性變化，豐度是以夏季較高、冬季較低，而種類數則是秋季較高、冬季較低。在不同海域測站中，大洋海域之翼足類物種明顯多於陸棚海域，豐度則是沒有明顯的不同。翼足類豐度和種類數夜晚明顯高於白天，而颱風對於翼足類的豐度和種類數並沒有太大的影響。
前四個主要優勢種依序為棒筆帽螺(Creseis clava)、尖筆帽螺(Creseis acicula)、胖螔螺(Limacina inflata)和馬蹄螔螺(Limacina trochiformis)，合佔所有翼足類豐度的95％，其中棒筆帽螺就佔了總豐度的48％。各季節的優勢種類相似但優勢排名略有變化，不同優勢種各有不同季節變化。台灣海峽翼足類豐度在空間上的分布並無明顯的趨勢，種類數與物種歧異度則是以海峽南部較高。本研究海域翼足類物種多屬於大洋性暖水廣布類群，優勢種與南海海域優勢種相似。複迴歸分析結果顯示，台灣海峽浮游翼足類的總豐度、種類數與種歧異度與表層海水溫度皆呈現正相關，且種類數與鹽度呈現負相關；而四個主要優勢種的豐度則與表層海水溫度和鹽度相關性各有不同，其中棒筆帽螺、尖筆帽螺和馬蹄螔螺與溫度呈現顯著正相關，而尖筆帽螺和馬蹄螔螺則與鹽度呈現顯著負相關。本研究發現台灣海峽翼足類豐度、種類數、物種歧異度對於有無颱風的影響並無明顯差異，各季節不同水團的消長、日夜等因素可能是影響翼足類群聚分布的重要因素。

This study collected zooplankton and hydrographic data in the Taiwan Strait (TS) using the cruises of “Fishery Research I” from January 2005 to October 2006, to investigate the seasonal and spatial distribution of planktonic pteropods associated with hydrographic conditions. In total, 29 species of pteropods belonging to 10 genera and 5 families were identified, with mean abundance of 97.14 ± 66.16 ind./100 m3. The abundances and species number of pteropods exhibited apparent seasonal changes, abundance was higher in summer and lower during winter, while species numbers was higher in fall and lower in winter. Pteropods showed higher diversity in oceanic waters than in shallower shelf waters, but the abundance showed no significant difference. The night-time abundance and species number were significantly higher than the day-time. The effect of typhoon on the abundance and species numbers of pteropods was not significant.
The four predominant species found in this study area were Creseis clava, Creseis acicula, Limacina inflate and Limacina trochiformis, together they accounted for 95% of the total pteropod catch, among these, C. clava constitued 48% of the total catch. The pteropod communition was similar among seasons, but ranked differently. Different dominant species showed different seasonal distribution patterns. The distribution of pteropods showed no clear spatial difference in the TS, but higher species richness was usually observed in the southern TS. The pteropods found in this study mostly belonged to the widespread oceanic species, and the dominant species were similar to the previous studies in the South China Sea. The total abundance, species number, and species diversity index of pteropods showed significantly positive correlation with the seawater temperature, and the species number was negative correlated with salinity. Among the four predominant species, the abundance of C. clava, C. acicula, and L. trochiformis were positively correlation with seawater temperature, meanwhile, C. acicula and L. trochiformis showed significantly negative correlations with salinity. This study proposed that the abundance, species number, and species diversity of Pteropods were not obviously influenced by typhoon, instead seasonal succession of water masses and day/night change might be the important factor affecting the distribution patterns of pteropods.

論文審定書 i
致謝 ii
摘要 iii
Abstract iv
目錄 vi
表目錄 viii
圖目錄 ix
附錄目錄 xii
前言 1
1-1台灣海峽地理位置與水文環境 1
1-2浮游軟體動物翼足類 2
1-3翼足類相關研究文獻 5
1-4台灣海峽翼足類之研究情形 6
1-5研究目的 7
材料與方法 8
2-1資料收集 8
2-2樣品處理 9
2-3資料分析 9
結果 12
3-1台灣海峽水文環境 12
3-2翼足類豐度時空分布與種類組成 13
3-3翼足類優勢種豐度的時空分布 15
3-4翼足類之群聚分析 16
3-5翼足類與水文環境因子之相關性分析 22
討論 24
4-1台灣海峽水文環境之探討 24
4-2翼足類豐度時空分布與種類組成之探討 25
4-3翼足類優勢種時空分布之探討 28
4-4翼足類群聚分析之探討 29
4-5翼足類優勢種與水文環境因子之相關性探討 30
結論 32
參考文獻 33

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