浦浪克為二十世紀初法國重要的作曲家，受到新古典主義的影響，發展出輕快、詼諧、睿智的個人音樂語彙，一生創作了芭蕾音樂、歌劇、鋼琴曲、合唱曲、法國藝術歌曲、室內樂…等多種形式的音樂。在一九三六年，因摯友費魯驟然過世與其後赴法國聖城霍卡滿都所獲得的宗教經驗，開始創作合唱作品，其中包括世俗合唱曲《童歌》。
《童歌》是浦浪克由法國女作家馬德蓮娜•雷的詩集《童歌》中，選擇五首小詩所創作的無伴奏同聲或女聲三部合唱曲，五首短歌形成一組五首的合唱作品。第一曲〈乖巧的小女孩〉敘述小女孩充實的一天、第二曲〈迷路的小狗〉是孩子與小狗充滿童趣的對話、第三曲〈從學校回家的路上〉描寫孩子在放學途中所見的驚奇事情、第四曲〈生病的小男孩〉滿溢著生病男童內心無奈之情、第五曲〈刺蝟〉描述爸爸帶了一隻刺蝟回家所發生的新鮮事。每首樂曲都以兒童的角度來敘述一個日常生活中的小故事，不論是歌詞或音樂皆充滿著濃厚的童趣。
本解說報告分為七個部分，分別為前言、二十世紀初期的法國樂壇、作曲家浦浪克生平、浦浪克的世俗合唱音樂、作詞者馬德蓮娜•雷生平、《童歌》的樂曲分析、《童歌》的作品詮釋、與本文之結語。另有三則附錄，附錄一為基本法文發音規則，附錄二為《童歌》之歌詞翻譯與法文發音，附錄三為浦浪克合唱作品一覽表。

Francis Poulenc ( 1899-1963 ) is one of the most important French composers in the early 20th -century. Influenced by Neo-classicism, Poulenc developed his own personal musical language which is light, humorous, and sagacious. He wrote in many different musical genres during his life, including ballet, opera, piano, vocal, choral, and chamber music. In 1936, after his good friend Pierre-Octave Ferroud’ sudden death in a car accident and religious experience in Rocamadour, Poulenc started to compose choral music, including Petites Voix.
Petites Voix, completed in 1936, includes five short pieces for three-part treble voices. Poulenc chose five lovely poems as the text from Madeleina Ley’s poetry Petites Voix, and created five short choral songs. La Petite Fille Sage ( The Good Little Girl ) describes a substantial day of a little girl. Le Chien Perdu ( The Lost Dog ) is a conversation between a kid and a dog. En Renreant de L’école ( On the Way Home from School ) describes the surprising things that happened on the way home from school. Le Petit Garçon Malade ( The Little Sick Boy ) describes a sick boy whose mind is full of feelings of helplessness. Le Hérisson ( The Hedgehog ) talks about a father who brings a Hedgehog home and some funny things happen in the family. Each song describes a little story happening in daily life from a child’s point of view, and Poulenc has put these texts to music with excellent technique to express childlike innocence.
This master report consists of seven parts. The first part is an introduction. It is followed by background of early 20th-century french music, a biographic sketch of Poulenc life, characteristics of Poulenc secular choral works, a biographic sketch of Madeleina Ley life, analysis of Petites Voix, and interpretation of Petites Voix. The last part is the conclusion. There are three appendices at the end of this paper. Appendix A contains the phonetic alphabets and the general rules of French diction. Appendix B offers the translation and a French pronunciation guide for the lyrics of these five pieces. Appendix C is a list of Poulenc choral works

前言……………………………………………………………………………………1
二十世紀初期的法國樂壇……………………………………………………………2
作曲家浦浪克生平……………………………………………………………………5
浦浪克的世俗合唱音樂………………………………………………………………9
作詞者馬德蓮娜•雷生平…………………………………………………………..13
《童歌》的樂曲分析與作品詮釋…………………………………………………..17
結語…………………………………………………………………………………..44
附錄一：法文發音規則……………………………………………………………..46
附錄二：《童歌》歌詞翻譯與法文發音……..……………………………………..50
附錄三：浦浪克合唱作品一覽表…………………………………………………..55
參考書目……………………………………………………………………………..57

【外文書籍】
Bernac, Pierre. Francis Poulenc: The Man and His Songs. Trans. Winifred Radford. New York: Norton, 1977.
Buckland, Sidney. and Chimènes, Myriam. ed. Francis Poulenc: Music, Art and Literature. Aldershot: Ashgate, 1999.
Chimènes, Myriam. “Images et sons: Francis Poulenc et les poètes” Vingtième Siècle. Revue d'histoire 49 (Jan. - Mar. 1996): 146-148.
Daniel, Keith W. Francis Poulenc: His Artistic Development and Musical Style. London: UMI Research Press, 1982.
Garretson, Robert L. Choral Music: History, Style, and Performance Practice. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall, 1993.
Haasemann, Frauke. and J. M. Jordan. Group Vocal Technique. Chapel Hill: Hinshaw Music, 1991.
Hansen, Peter S. An Introduction to Twentieth Century Music. 3rd ed. Boston: Allyn and Bacon, 1974.
Ivry, Benjamin. Francis Poulenc. London: Phaidon Press, 1996.
Keltner, Karen Lee. “A Conductor's Analysis for Performance of the Two a cappella Cantatas of Poulenc, with a Survey of His Secular Choral Works.”
D.M.A., Indiana University, 1980.
Leroy, Laurence. “Une vie de Madeleine Ley” Textyles. Revue des letters belges de langue frauçaise 9 (1992): 56-61.
Mellers, Wilfrid. Francis Poulenc. New York: Oxford University Press, 1993.
Morgan, Robert P. Twentieth- Century Music: A History of Musical Style in Modern. New York: Norton, 1991
Phillips, Kenneth H. Teaching Kids to Sing. New York: Schirmer, 1996.
Schimidt, Carl B. The Music of Francis Poulenc (1899-1963): A Catalogue. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.
Schonberg, Harold C. The Lives of the Great Composers. New York: Norton, 1997.
Strimple, Nick. Choral Music in the Twentieth Century. Portland: Amadeus Press, 2002.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2007). S. V. “Poulenc, Francis” by Myriam Chiménes and Roger Nicholas.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2007). S. V. “Les Six” by Paul Griffiths.
Ulrich, Homer. A Survey of Choral Music. New York: Schirmer, 1973.
Wall, Joan. International Phonetic Alphabet for Singers. Dallas: Pst…, 1989.


【中文書籍】
白麗紅。 《法語發音基礎學習》。 台北縣：萬人出版社有限公司，2001年。
周林飛。 《法語發音與糾音》。 台北縣：三思堂文化事業有限公司，2002年。
孫清吉。 《自然的歌唱法》。 台北市：全音樂譜出版社有限公司，1994 年。
許榮鍾主編。 《現代樂派的大師--捌》。 台北縣：錦繡出版社，2000年。
陳康。 《盡善盡美：合唱技巧縱橫》。 香港：宣道出版社，2003年。
張大勝。 《合唱指揮研究》。 台北市：全音樂譜出版社有限公司，1980 年。
國立編譯館編。 《音樂名詞》。 台北市：桂冠圖書股份有限公司，1994年。
楊啟嵐。 《法文標準發音教材》。 台北市：天肯文化出版有限公司，1997年。

【網路資料】
《比利時法語文學期刊》。http://www.servicedulivre.be/fiches/l/ley.htm，2007年1月28日查詢。

【樂譜】
Poulenc, Francis. Petites voix, Paris: Éditions Salabert, 1936.
_____________. Petites voix, Paris: Éditions Salabert, 2003.

【有聲資料】
Wood, James. Francis Poulenc Secular Choral Music, New London Chamber Choir. Hyperion Records, CDA66798, 1995.