本論文的目的主要在於提出一套適於身體癱瘓的病人所使用的法則。其設計目標有二；其一，在於減緩或避免病人產生褥瘡的可能性；其二，在於減緩身體部分部位的肌力衰退。

本文主要分為歸納、分析二大項。在歸納部份，研究中將要探討的問題：身體肌肉的受力（或負擔）大小會如何受到身體的姿勢以及身體受支撐位置的不同所影響。為解決此問題，首將人的身體簡化成11個剛體（rigid body）的身體模式，再應用最佳化技巧，估算出人的身體在不同姿態與不同支撐方式下，肌肉的「最鬆弛受力」狀態解。在分析部份，應用最佳化的數學模式來獲得肌肉最鬆弛受力的一套解析方法，在不同的姿態以及支撐位置下模擬支撐負载與肌肉受力的關係。

藉由數學模式的解析結果驗證水平姿態與改變姿態躺在床上，最佳支撐位置可以使得肌肉受力最鬆弛並且訓練肌力。因此，透過這套邏輯思考的法則，可達到減緩或避免產生褥瘡的可能性以及身體部分部位的肌力衰退的目標。

A strategy was proposed to the rule for paralyzed patients. One goal of the design is to reduce or avoid the occurrence of decubitus ulcer. The other goal is to reduce the decline of muscle strength of patient.

The contents of the study include collection and system analysis. The issue is know how the burdens of muscles are affected by the locations and postures that sickbed supporting the body. To attack this issue, a simplified body model, which is consisted of 11 rigid bodies, is proposed. An analysis method, which adopts the optimization approach, is suggested to calculate the “ relaxed burdens of muscles ”. Apply the mathematical model of the optimization to acquire an analysis method of the relaxed burdens of muscles, modeling the concern of the support loading and burdens of muscles.

According to the analysis answer of the mathematical model verified that a patient lay on the bed by the horizontal postures and variation postures, the best support locations resulted in the relaxed burdens of muscles and strengthen muscles. So, the rule of the logical thinking to reduce or avoid the occurrence of decubitus ulcer and the decline of muscle strength.

謝致 I
目錄圖索引 II
圖索引 III
摘要 VII
Abstract VIII
第一章、緒論 1
1-1、研究背景 1
1-2、現有技術回顧 2
1-3、研究動機與內容介紹 3
第二章、人體模式簡化 5
2-1、簡化身體姿態自由度 5
2-1.1、身體主要區塊 6
2-1.2、區塊尺寸大小以及重量分佈 7
2-2、簡化肌肉數目 8
2-3、數學模式 10
2-3.1、尋找已知與未知數以及建立力平衡方程式 10
2-3.2、定義目標函數以及限制條件 12
第三章、單點支撐對人體的效應 14
3-1、固定姿態改變支撐位置對肌肉受力與關節受力及支撐負載的影響 14
3-1.1、可被支撐負載支撐的位置 14
3-1.2、模擬人體模式 15
3-2、改變姿態狀態改變支撐位置對肌肉受力與關節受力及支撐負載 19
第四章、多點支撐對人體的效應 24
4-1、固定姿態改變支撐位置對肌肉受力與關節受力以及支撐負載的影響 24
4-2、改變姿態狀態改變支撐位置對肌肉受力與關節受力及支撐負載的影響 27
第五章、討論 31
第六章、結論 34
6-1、總結 34
6-2未來展望 35
參考文獻 38

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