沙烏地阿拉伯王國國土佔地196萬平方公里，其為全球最大的石油開採國家；而沙國的電力產業非常依賴石油，並且其需求量以每年約增加5%的速度成長。在未來的30年內，發電的成本會持續增加，且隨著負載的成長，電力供應可能會短缺。為了減少電力產業對石油的依賴程度以及延長石油產業的壽命，沙烏地政府正考慮採用替代能源──包括太陽能與風能。由於阿拉伯半島的陽光充足且在國內之平均風速可達到10公尺/秒，因此沙國很適合發展太陽能以及風能發電產業，並且其能在該國未來電力產業中扮演舉足輕重的角色。本研究主要目的為研擬一可適用於沙國國內偏遠地區之複合式的發電系統。為了使模擬的結果更可靠，本研究採用沙國產油大城Dhahran之風力資料，以作為偏遠地區風能之參考。本研究亦針對興建獨立複合式發電系統與由可供電區域建造200公里之傳輸線至該偏遠地區二種情況之花費成本作經濟分析。

The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia has an area of 1.69 million square kilometers. It is the biggest oil producers in the world, and the electricity industry relies heavily on oil. The annually growth request for electricity is around 5%. The price of electricity will be expensive in the next 30 years and there could be a shortage of electricity supply. It is better to use alternative forms of energy to prolong the life of the oil industry in Saudi Arabia. To reduce dependence on oil, the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia is considering using alternative sources of energy including solar energy and energy wind. Since the wind speed is around 10m/s and in the summer it is full of sunshine; therefore, the renewable energy should play a more important role in future electric power supply of the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A hybrid system is proposed in this thesis to study the possible power supply system in the remote areas. Wind information in Dhahran is used in simulations in order to make sure that the system is reliable and appropriate to be used in the remote areas of the country. Economic analysis is also conducted to compare the cost of the hybrid system with that of a 200 km transmission line connected from existing service area.

摘要..........................................................................................I
Abstract..................................................................................II
Acknowledgments..............................................................IV
Table of Contents................................................................V
List of Figures.....................................................................VII
List of Tables.......................................................................IX
Chapter 1 Introduction........................................................1
1.1 Objective of the Work....................................1
1.2 Scope of Work and Outline..........................2
1.3 Introduction of Power System in Saudi Arabia.....................................................................................3
1.4 The Development of Renewable Energy in the World...........................................................................6
1.5 Renewable Energy Commercialization..13
1.6 Service to a Remote Community-An Example..............................................................................17
Chapter 2 Analytical Models of the Simulated System.................................................................................20
2.1 Constant-Speed and Variable-Speed Wind Turbines....................................................................20
2.2 Induction Generator Model........................25
2.3 Synchronous Generator Model.................32
2.4 Speed and Voltage Controllers................39
2.4.1 Speed Controller..........................................39
2.4.2 Voltage Controller........................................40
2.5 Frequency Regulator..................................42
2.6 Summary of Equipment Parameters Used in Simulations.........................................................43
Chapter 3 Remote Isolated Power Network Simulations........................................................................47
3.1 Test Cases....................................................48
3.2 Simulation Results and Discussions.....50
3.2.1 Case 1: Change in the Wind Speed with a Constant Load...................................................................50
3.2.2 Case 2: Fixed Wind Speed with Variable Load.....................................................................................55
3.2.3 Case 3: Variable Wind Speed with Variable Load.....................................................................60
3.2.4 Summary.......................................................66
Chapter 4 Economic Analysis.........................................68
4.1 Fundamental Interest Formulas...............68
4.2 Cost Analysis of the Hybrid Wind Diesel System.................................................................................74
4.3 Energy Provide by the Wind Turbine........75
4.4 Capital Investment of 200 Km Transmission Line............................................................77
4.5 Payback Time of the Hybrid Wind Diesel System.................................................................................77
4.6 Net Present Value Evaluation...................79
Chapter 5 Conclusions and Future Works...................85
5.1 Conclusion...................................................................85
5.2 Future Works...............................................................86
References.........................................................................87

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