現有土石流模擬模型皆為研究土石流影響範圍，缺少三維畫面呈現，且未考慮遭遇土石流時樹木或岩石等固體之作用，而流固耦合所採用之NSE流體演算法未考慮磨擦力與降伏應力等之能量損失，而FLO-2D模型所使用之控制方程式包含流阻、降伏應力與黏滯性之能量損失。有鑑於此，本論文以FLO-2D模型為基礎，重建為三維視覺圖像，並加入流固耦合來處理改善，其中包含流體對固體所造成的速度，與固體作為流體邊界條件使其轉向，同時考慮固體與地表的摩擦力，以及固體間相互碰撞。從流固耦合觀點來看，一般流固耦合皆採用NSE作為流體演算法，其方法較不適合土石流模擬，因此我們採用較適合模擬土石流之FLO-2D，相較之下，本研究多考慮了流阻與降伏應力(yield stress)兩項，可使流體流動行為與流動範圍更符合真實世界之土石流。若以土石流模擬觀點來看，透過流固耦合來模擬土石流，相較其他土石流模擬，本研究多考慮流固間交互作用與固體間碰撞兩項要素，可使土石流遭遇樹木與房屋等固體時，流固體兩者間產生交互作用，解決其他土石流模擬遭遇固體無法產生互動之情況，使其更接近真實土石流。

We reconstruct 2D simulation to 3D scene and integrated a fluid-solid coupling based on FLO-2D model. Furthermore we add the friction and bump. From the point of view of fluid-solid coupling, we using the flow resistance and yield stress our proposed method make the fluid behaviour and runout more realistic comparing to other fluid-solid coupling research. Besides, from the point of view of debris flow simulation, we integrate the fluid-solid coupling into the debris flow simulation. And we can handle the bump of debris flow regarding trees, stone or house compared with other debris flow simulation.

CHAPTER 1 導論 3
CHAPTER 2 文獻探討 5
CHAPTER 3 土石流模擬 8
3.1 流體模擬 9
3.2 流固交互作用 16
3.3 固體模擬 19
CHAPTER 4 實驗與結果 23
CHAPTER 5 結論 27
參考文獻 28

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