有機發光二極體(Organic light-emitting diodes，OLEDs)被視為下一世紀光源，而提升有機發光元件的外部量子效率已經廣泛的被研究，對於有機發光元件的玻璃基板表面貼附微結構陣列而破壞內部全反射，是一種有效改善外部量子效率的方法。
本論文提出設計與製作多階非球面無縫微透鏡陣列應用於有機發光元件，有別於一般球面微透鏡，多階非球面無縫微透鏡陣列可達到高深寬比(high aspect ratio)且高填充因子(high fill factor)，更有利於提升有機發光元件的外部量子效率。
首先利用FRED光學模擬軟體，經由光線追跡的方法，模擬不同幾何形狀的微結構陣列貼附於有機發光元件時的光學特性，對微結構的各參數作系統性的分析探討：曲面形狀、排列方式、特徵尺寸等，在模擬參數設計中，找出最佳之幾何形狀，再以LIGA-like製程方式進行製作，藉由微影、熱回流、濺鍍、電鑄、PDMS微模造、UV光固化技術來完成，主要製程特色利用多道微影(multi-lithography)方式製作多階且為高深寬比的微結構，其近似所設計之非球面微透鏡，可達到批次製造的優點。
最後將製作出的多階非球面微透鏡(multi-level aspherical microlens)陣列薄膜貼附於有機發光元件表面上，進行光電特性量測，並將實驗跟模擬結果進行比對，已證實本研究之正確性。

Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are regarded as next-generation light sources. The enhancement of external quantum efficiency of OLEDs has been investigated widely. It is an effective method of improving the external quantum efficiency, which destroys the phenomenon of total internal reflection inside the OLEDs by attaching microlens array to the surface of the glass substrate of the OLEDs.
In this thesis, a multi-level aspherical gapless microlens array was designed and manufactured, and it was applied to OLEDs. In contrast with a spherical microlens array, the multi-level aspherical gapless microlens array can achieve a form of high aspect ratio and high fill factor, and they can enhance the external quantum efficiency of OLEDs.
At first, aspherical microlens arrays with different parameters, including shapes of curved surface, layouts and feature dimensions, were simulated by optical simulation software, FRED. The aspherical microlens arrays which were attached to an OLED were simulated with a ray tracing method. Then, an optimal geometry and layout were found out. After simulation, a film with multi-level aspherical microlens array was fabricated by a LIGA-like process, including lithography, electroforming, PDMS (Polydimethylsiloxane) micro-molding and UV (Ultraviolet) -cured techniques. The characteristic in this process was to use multi-lithography to fabricate a microlens array with multi-level and high aspect ratio. The shape of multi-level was similar to the design, and the process can achieve the advantage of batch manufacture.
Finally, the films with different multi-level aspherical microlens array were attached to an OLED to measure the optical-electric properties. The measured results were compared with simulation and confirmed them.

目錄 I
圖目錄 IV
表目錄 X
摘要 XI
英文摘要 XII
第一章 導論 1
1.1 前言 1
1.2 研究動機 2
1.3 文獻回顧 3
第二章 非球面微透鏡陣列設計與製作理論 9
2.1 簡介OLED基本知識 9
2.2 非球面微透鏡陣列之設計理論 15
2.3 非球面微透鏡陣列之實驗理論 17
第三章 設計多階非球面微透鏡陣列 22
3.1 光學軟體簡介 22
3.2 FRED光學系統模擬流程 22
3.3 OLED之光學模組建立流程 24
3.4 方形基底無縫微透鏡陣列 29
3.5 三角形基底無縫微透鏡陣列 35
3.6 六角形基底無縫微透鏡陣列 38
3.7 圓形基底微透鏡陣列 41
3.8 光罩設計 45
第四章 實驗方法與步驟 49
4.1 製程步驟 49
4.2 黃光微影製程 50
4.3 熱回流 53
4.4 電鑄製程 54
4.5 PDMS微模造製程 55
4.6 紫外光固化技術 56
4.7 光電特性量測 56
第五章 實驗結果與討論 58
5.1 黃光製程結果 58
5.2 熱回流製程結果 64
5.3 電鑄製程結果 66
5.4 PDMS與UV膠翻模結果 69
5.5 光電特性量測結果 70
5.6 量測結果與模擬值作比較 73
第六章 結論與未來展望 76
6.1 結論 76
6.2 未來展望 77
參考文獻 78

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