近年來，由於運動節目的娛樂及廣告效益，運動視訊分析吸引了許多研究者的關注。而運動視訊分析的目的是去定義對於觀眾而言何者是感興趣的部分。現有的方法主要是藉由領域知識來做視訊分解，在過去十年內，運動視訊被廣泛地研究，使用適當的技術達到有效率地的分析。然而，許多一直以來都存在的議題如語意鴻溝以及廣告偵測仍然等待有效的解決方式。在我們的研究中，利用語意分析相鄰投球場景間之距離，在此處我們稱之為鴻溝距離。不同棒球比賽其鴻溝距離則會呈現出獨特的分佈曲線，藉此我們可以利用鴻溝距離來分析每場比賽的本質的意義。

Recently, sport video analysis has attracted lots of researcher’s attention because of its entertainment applications and potential commercial benefits. Sport video analysis aims to identify what trigged the excitement of audiences. Previous methods rely mainly on video decomposition using domain specific knowledge. The study and development of suitable and efficient techniques for sport video analysis have been conducted extensively over the last decade. However, several longstanding challenges, such as semantic gap and commercial detection are still waiting to be solved. In this work, we consider using semantic analysis to adjacent pitch scenes which we called “gap length.” Difference kinds of baseball games show its specific distribution for gap length, which depicts the potential significance of each baseball game.

CHAPTER 1 Introduction…………………………………………………………...1
1.1 Overview of Sports Video…………………………………………………1
1.2 Overview of Baseball Video…………..……………………………………5
1.3 Motivation……………………………………………………………….....9
1.4 The Organization of the Thesis…………………………………………...11
CHAPTER 2 Background Review………………………………………………..12
2.1 Playfield Detection………………………………………………..…….14
2.2 Ball Trajectory Tracking……………………...……………………….....16
2.3 Highlight Event Detection………………………………………………20
CHAPTER 3 Pitch Shot Extraction for Semantic Gap Length Analysis….……...26
3.1 Automatic Pitch Shot Extraction…..........……………………………...29
3.1.1 Adaptive Shot Change Detection.......…………………..………......30
3.1.2 Commercial Exclusion.......………………………………..………...32
3.1.3 Non-pitch Shot Exclusion………………..…….………..………...34
3.1.4 Self-validation………........………………………………..………...35
3.1.5 Pitch Shot Extraction ……………………………………..………...37
3.2 Semantic Analysis of Gap Length in each Half Inning ………………...38
CHAPTER 4 Experimental Results…………........................................................42
4.1 Experimental Results of Automatic Pitch Shot Extraction.......................42
4.2 Experimental Results of Gap Length and Intensity Distribution…….….....47
CHAPTER 5 Conclusions and Future Work…………...…………………………….53
5.1 Conclusions…………………………………………………………….....53
5.2 Future Work……………………………………………………………….55
Bibliography………………………………………………………………………….56

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