一九七六年，傅柯提出生命政治(bio-politics)與生命權力(bio-power)的說法，其中涉及到國家對生命的管控之角色，隨後一九七八年在法蘭西學院課程講演中，傅柯將國家放入治理藝術的歷史中，探究現代國家的系譜，於是乎，「治理性」的概念到位，其一方面指出「權力關係」與「理性化」之間的關係之外，同時也勾勒「治理」與「反抗治理」(counter-conduct)的力量線，這點特別在中古世紀到宗教改革一連串反抗基督教「精神性」的各種鬥爭中展現出來，其中凸顯出「主體性」之形式的問題。治理性因此涵括權力關係、治理他人與治理自我，後者涉及到由「自我與自我的關係」所確定的主體之倫理的問題。晚期傅柯的研究因此從權力的主軸轉向倫理的主軸，並且將自我與自我的關係視為反抗權力關係的支持點，而對傅柯來說，其二十多年來哲學的興趣不在於權力，而是主體，他從事的乃是「主體的系譜學」。關注自我作為「自我的倫理」是古代希臘人和羅馬人對於自由之實踐的反思模式，此一倫理同時也是一種生存美學、一種自我治理之藝術、一種生活藝術(technē tou biou)。筆者要探討晚期傅柯的「倫理的系譜學」，所呈現的古代倫理主體之構思，藉以思考我們的生活方式在現代國家之理性的權力管控的情況下，人類行為的自主性和自由之實踐如何可能。

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傅柯對治理性的研究
目次
第一章 導論…………………………………………………………………….1
第一節 研究動機與目的……………………………………………………1
第二節 文獻回顧…………………………………………………………...10
第三節 章節安排…………………………………………………………...11
第二章 治理性的歷史與現代國家的系譜………………………………………14
第一節 生命政治與大屠殺……………………..…………………………..16
第二節 牧治權力………………………………..…………………………..20
第三節 國家理性、警察與重商主義…………………..………………………23
第四節 重農主義對警察國家的批判……………………..…………………..26
第三章 關注自我與生存美學……………………………………………….......34
第一節 關注自我：主體性與真理………………………………..…..………..37
第二節 生存美學：真理與自由………………………………………..…….45
第四章 啟蒙的精神與批判的倫理……………………………………..…………57
第一節 批判態度的歷史系譜………………………………….……………57
第二節 康德論「何謂啟蒙」………………………………….………………58
第三節 啟蒙與現代性態度……………………………………..……………60
第四節 對詩人波特萊爾現代性的探討………………………………………63
第五節 批判的倫理與界限之踰越……………………………..……………64
第五章 結論…………………………………………………………..………...70
參考書目…………………………………………………………………………..72

參考書目
一、 傅柯部分
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Hurley, New York：Vintage Books.
1991a“Questions of Method,” In The Foucault Effect: Studies in
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1991b“Politics and the study of Discourse,”In The Foucault Effect: Studies in
governmentality：with two lectures by and an interview with Michel
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University of Chicago Press.pp.53-72.
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with two lectures by and an interview with Michel Foucault. ed.by Graham Burchell, Colin Gordon, Peter Miller, Chicago：University of Chicago Press.pp.87-104.
1997a“The Ethics of Care for the self as a Practice of Freedom,”trans by P.
Aranov and D. McGrawth, In Ethics：Essential Works of Foucault 1954─
1984,Vol.1, ed. by Paul Rabinow, New York：The New Press.pp.281-301.
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Ethics：Essential Works of Foucault 1954─1984,Vol.1,ed. by Paul
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1997c“Self Writing,”In. Ethics：Essential Works of Foucault 1954─1984,
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─1984,Vol.1, ed. by Paul Rabinow, trans by Robert Hurley and others.
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─1984, Vol.1, ed. by Paul Rabinow, trans by Robert Hurley and others.
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1997i“What is Critique?”trans. by Lysa Hochroth, In The Politics of Truth. ed.
by Sylvere Lotringer and Lysa Hochroth. New York：Semiotext(e) .
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Hochroth, In the politics of truth. ed. by Sylvere Lotringer and Lysa
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1997n Ethics：Essential Works of Foucault 1954─1984,Vol.1,ed. by Paul
Rabinow, trans by Robert Hurley and others. New York：The New Press.
2001a Hermeneutics of the subject, trans. by Graham Burchell, ed. by Arnold I.
Davidson, New York：Palfrave Macmillan.
2001b Fearless Speech,ed. by Joseph Pearson, Los Angels：Semiotext(e)
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2001c《傅柯說真話》，鄭義愷譯。台北：群學。
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2007 Security, Territory, Population, trans. by Graham Burchell, ed. by Michel
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二、 其他
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Dean, Mitchell
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Dreyfus, Hubert and Rabinow, Paul
1982 Michel Foucault: Beyond structuralism and hermeneutics. Brighton:：Harvest Press.
Deleuze, Gilles
2000 《德勒茲論傅柯》，楊凱麟譯。台北：麥田。
2005 《哲學與權力的談判─德勒茲訪談錄》，劉漢全譯。北京：商務。
Geoff Danaher, Tony Schirato and Jen Webb
1999 Understanding Foucault. London:：Sage Publications.
Gros, Frederic
2006 《傅柯考》，何乏筆、楊凱麟、龔卓軍譯。台北：麥田。
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Habermas, Jürgen
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McNay, Lois
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O’Leary, Timothy
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