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博碩士論文 etd-0908100-114744 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0908100-114744
論文名稱
Title
台南七股潟湖區及附近海域浮游橈足類的種類組成、分布及其攝食研究
Composition, distribution and feeding of copepods in Chiku lagoon and the adjacent waters of Tainan, Southwesten Taiwan.
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
106
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee

口試日期
Date of Exam
2000-07-25
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2000-09-08
關鍵字
Keywords
七股潟湖、橈足類
copepos, lagoon, Chiku
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5753 times, has been downloaded 1647 times.
中文摘要
本研究主要是探討台灣台南七股潟湖區內及鄰近海域橈足類在漲退潮、季節及測站間的種類組成及豐度變化,並研究其在季節及測站間的攝食差異。此外,還試圖比較大網目(330μm)與小網目(100μm)所捕獲的橈足類,在種類組成及豐度上的差異性。最後,亦量測本研究水域溫鹽度及收集相關資料,以探討海流及水團與本研究結果的關係。
由1998年8月至1999年6月期間,於台南七股潟湖內以330μm網目網具共採得浮游橈足類4目14科72種,平均豐度為1.5±3.5 ×104 ind./100m3。其中屬於Calanoida目的有42種,屬於Harpacticoida目的有2種, 19種屬於Poecilostomatoida目,而有8種屬於Cyclopoida目。主要優勢種以小型種類(如Parvocalanus crassirostris、Oithona simplex、O. rigida)及未成熟的Copepodite居多,合佔了全部橈足類總豐度的68 %。此區橈足類的分布具有季節上、測站及潮汐間的變化,在十月及二月有較高的豐度出現,口站的數量與種類數比中站多,而漲潮時有較高的豐度出現。以100μm 網目網具採得的浮游橈足類有4目13科38種,其中屬於Calanoida目的有22種,Harpacticoida目的有2種,Poecilostomatoida目的8種,而有6種屬於Cyclopoida目,平均豐度為1.1±1.9 ×106 ind./100m3,主要優勢種(群)為小型或是未成熟的個體,如Parvocalanus crassirostris 、Copepodite、Oithona rigida、Oithona brevicornis 、Oithona nana、Nauplii、Oithona simplex、Euterpina acutifrons及Acrocalanus gracilis,合佔所有數量的90 %。橈足類之豐度及種類數有明顯的季節性變化,以二月份時最高,而中站的豐度亦較口站多。
在1998年12月至1999年6月期間,於台南七股潟湖外海共發現了橈足類4目13科62種,平均豐度為6.2±7.2×104 ind./100m3,其中36種屬於Calanida目,2種屬於Harpacticoida目,20種屬於Poecilostomatoida目,4種屬於Cyclopoida目。主要優勢種大多為暖水域的沿岸種如Farranula gibbula、Acrocalanus gibber、Temora discaudata、A. gracilis、Oithona atlantica、T. turbinata及Copepodid,合佔總豐度的62 %。測站間的差異較大,以離岸近的測站3豐度較高。而本研究所估測之橈足類對浮游植物的攝食衝擊甚低,僅< 2 % / d。
Abstract
The species composition and numerical abundance of copepods related to tides, seasons and stations were investigated in Chiku lagoon and coastal waters of Tainan from August 1998 to June 1999. The grazing impact on phytoplankton by copepods in the study area was measured and the species composition and numerical abundance of copepods collected by two nets with different mashes (330&micro;m and 100 &micro;m) were compared and discussed.
In total 72 species of copepods belonging to 14 families and 4 orders (42 Calanoids, 2 Harpacticoids, 19 Poecilostomatoids, and 8 Cyclopoids) were identified in the samples collected by 330&micro;m mash net in the Chiku lagoon. The mean abundance of copepods was 1.5±3.5 ×104 ind./100m3. The most dominant groups were Parvocalanus crasirostris, Oithona simplex, Oithona rigida and unidentified Copepodite, comprised 68 % of the total copepod numbers. The highest abundance of copepods was observed in October and February. Higher abundance and species number were found at station I than at station M, and were found more during high tide than at low tide. Thirty-eight species of the copepods belonging to 13 familis and 4 olders. (22 Calanoids, 2 Harpacticoids, 8 Poecilostomatoids and 6 Cyclopoids) were found in the samples collected by 100μm mash net, with mean abundance of 1.1±1.9 ×106 ind./100m3. The most dominant species were mostly small-sized and immature copepods, such as Parvocalanus crassirostris 、Copepodite、Oithona rigida、Oithona brevicornis 、Oithona nana、Nauplii、Oithona simplex、Euterpina acutifrons and Acrocalanus gracilis, and comprised 90 % of the total numbers. Abundance and species number of copoeds varied seasonally, with highest abundance and species number found in February. The abundance of copoeds at M station was found higher than that at I station.
Sixty-two species of the Copepod belonging to 13 families and 4 orders (36 Calanoids, 2 Harpacticoids, 20 Poecilostomatoids and 4 Cycloids) were found in the coastal watersof tainan, with mean abundance of 6.2 ±7.9 ×104 ind./100m3. The most dominant copoepods in this area were warm-water and neritic species, such as Farranula gibbula, Acrocalanus gibber, Temora discaudata, A. gracilis, O. atlantica, Copepodite and T. turbinata, and comprised 62 % of the total catch. The abundance was significantly different among station, highest abundance found at station 3, that is the closest station to Chiku lagoon. The grazing impact of copepods on phytoplankton was minor, only < 2 % / day.
目次 Table of Contents
章次……………………………………………………………..頁數
一、前言…………………………………………………………1
二、材料與方法…………………………………………………8
三、結果…………………………………………………………16
四、討論…………………………………………………………28
結論………………………………………………………………36
參考文獻…………………………………………………………38
附表……………………………………………………………….45
附圖……………………………………………………………….68


表目錄
表次……………………………………………………….. 頁數
1. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內溫度與鹽度
的月別變化表………………………………………………………45
2. 1998年8月至1999年6月期間於台南七股潟湖內以北太平
洋標準網採得浮游橈腳類之豐度、相對豐度、種類數目及種歧
異度情形……………………………………………………………..46
3. 1998年8月至1999年12月台南七股潟湖區內主要優勢種的
月平均豐度表………………………………………………………..54
4. 用(a)變方分析法(ANOVA)及(b)Duncan's 多變距分析法,探討
1998年8月至1999年6月在潟湖內以330μm網目所採得橈腳
類豐度在季節、潮汐及測站間的差異分析…………………………55
5. 1998年12月及1999年6月於台南七股潟湖內水以北太平洋
標準網採得浮游橈腳類之豐度、相對豐度、種類數目及種歧異
度情形…..……………………………………………………………56
6. 七股潟湖內(以100μm網目採集)與潟湖外海域所捕獲的優勢
種橈腳類之平均豐度表……………………………………………..57
7. 1998年12月與1999年6月在台南七股潟湖區內橈腳類於漲
退潮時的豐度及種類數變化………………………………………..58
8. 1998年8月至1999年6月期間,於台南七股潟湖外海域表層
以北太平洋標準網採得之浮游橈腳類豐度、相對豐度、種類數目
及種歧異度情形……………………………………………………..59
9. 1999年12月至1999年6月台南七股潟湖外海主要優勢種的平
均豐度表……………………… …………………………………….62

10. 以(a)隨機化區集設計(Randomized blocks design)及(b) Duncan's 多變距分析法,探討1998年12月及1999年6月, 於台南七
股潟湖外鄰近海域採得浮游橈腳類之豐度與季節、測站等因子
的關係………………………………………………………………..63
11. 1999年2月與6月於台南七股潟湖及附近海域各測站之橈腳類攝食表…………………………………………………… 64
12. 1999年2月與6月於台南七股潟湖附近海域各測站優勢種橈腳類之攝食表…………………………………………………………65
13. 1998年8月至1999年6月期間於台南七股潟湖與附近海域採樣所得之浮游橈腳類的種類分類表………………………………….66


圖目錄
圖次…………………………………………………………………..頁數
1. 台南七股潟湖區及鄰近海域之採樣地點圖………………………68
2. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內水表層葉綠
素濃度在中站(M) 與口站(I) 之月別變化…………………………69
3. 台南七股潟湖區鄰近海域個別測站的表層溫度、鹽度及葉綠
素a之月別變化……………………………………………………...70
4. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內中站(M)與
口站(I)以330μm網目之網具所採的之橈腳類之豐度月別變化…………………………………………………………………….71
5. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內中站(M)與
口站(I)以330μm網目之網具所採的之橈腳類之種類數月別
變化…………………………………………………………………..72
6. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內中站(M)與口
站(I)以330μm網目之網具所採的之橈腳類之歧異度月別變化…………………………………………………………………….73
7. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內以330μm網
目採得的浮游橈腳類優勢排名之平均豐度、相對豐度及出現率…74
8. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內以網目330μm
網具所採得之橈腳類幼生(Copepodite)在測站與漲退潮間的月別
變化…………………………………………………………………..75
9. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內以網目330μm
網具所採得之Parvocalanus crassirostris在測站與漲退潮間的月
別變化………………………………………………………………..76
10. 1998年8月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內以 網目330μm網具所採得之Acrocalanus gibber在測站與漲退潮間的月別變化…………………………………………………………………….77
11. 1998年8月至1999年6月台南七股潟湖區內橈腳類的群聚分
析圖…………………………………………………………………78
12. 1998年12月與1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區內以100μm網
具所採得之Parvocalanus crassirosreis在測站與漲退潮間的月別 變化………………………………………………………………….79
13. 1998年12月與1999年6月於台南七股潟湖區以100μm網具
所採得之橈腳類幼生(Copepodite)在測站與漲退潮間的月別變 化…………………………………………………………………….80
14. 1998 年12月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖外鄰近海域橈腳類之豐度、種類數及歧異度的月別變化…………………………….81
15. 1998年12月至1999年6月期間於台南七股潟湖附近海域以
330μm網目採得的浮游橈腳類優勢排名之平均豐度、相對豐度及出現率…………………………………………………………….82
16. 1998年至1999年6月期間於台南七股潟湖外海域之橈腳類優勢種在測站間的變化………………………………………………….83
16-1. 1998年至1999年6月期間於台南七股潟湖外海域之橈腳類優勢種在測站間的變化……………………………………………….84
17. 1998年12月至1999年6月於台南七股潟湖外鄰近海域橈腳類的群聚分析圖……………………………………………………….85
18. 1996年至1997年台南七股潟湖內(A)浮游動物(B)橈腳類(C)橈腳類無節幼生(Nauplia)的月別變化圖……………………………….86
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