本研究為「東海長期觀測與研究」計畫中的一部份。採樣時間為2007年7月1∼11日，使用海研一號(ORI-836航次)於東海31個測站進行採樣工作。所採集之水樣進行溶解態無機碳(dissolved inorganic carbon ; DIC)、滴定鹼度 (titration alkalinity ; TA)及酸鹼值(pH)之分析。
分析結果顯示，表水TA的分布明顯受到淡水輸入的影響，其低值主要分布在長江沖淡水(Changjiang Diluted Water；CDW)範圍內。高TA主要分布在台灣暖流水(Taiwan Current Warm Water；TCWW)和黑潮水(Kuroshio Water；KW)之區域。DIC、fCO2與pH之空間變化與東海水型之分布有相當緊密的關係。高DIC、fCO2與低pH值，主要分布在陸棚西南方的沿岸湧升水(Coastal Upwelling Water；CUW)之區域。低DIC、fCO2和高pH值，則是出現在陸棚北方的CDW與黃海水(Yellow Sea Water；YSW)。分布在陸棚東南方的TCWW和KW，此三參數的值則落在上述兩個極值之間。
CDW與YSW為觀測期間東海大氣CO2主要匯之所在，其CO2海氣交換通量分別為介於-7.2∼-12.5與-5.9∼-11.4 mmolC m-2 day-1之間。而CUW則是大氣CO2重要源之所在，其CO2海氣交換通量介於2.4∼3.5 mmolC m-2 day-1之間。TCWW與KW則為大氣CO2的弱源，CO2海氣交換通量分別介於0.4∼0.6與0.7∼1.2 mmolC m-2 day-1之間。整體而言，東海於觀測期間為大氣CO2之匯，其平均CO2海氣交換通量介於-1.2∼-2.2 mmolC m-2 day-1之間。
過去的研究皆認為，由長江注入大量之營養鹽，所造成之高生物生產力，是促使東海夏季為大氣CO2之匯的主要因素。然而，本研究結果顯示，高TA黃河水的注入，造成了黃海表水TA/DIC ratio的增高，亦可使低生物生產力的YSW成為吸收大氣CO2的重要區域。
各水型間的消長變化對東海吸收CO2 的能力具有深遠的影響。在未來三峽大壩全面運轉後，夏季時長江逕流量減少，所造成東海環流模式的改變，可能對東海吸收大氣CO2能力的改變，扮演了關鍵性的角色。

Comprehensive carbon chemistry (TA, DIC, pH, and fCO2) and other pertinent data (temperature, salinity, nitrate, and Chl a) were measured for the surface water samples collecting from the entire East China Sea (ECS) shelf in July 2007.
Results showed that the spatial variations of carbon chemistry parameters were closely responded to the distribution of different water types. The lowest and highest TA values corresponded well to the least saline Changjiang Diluted Water (CDW) and the most saline Kuroshio Water (KW), respectively. The low DIC and fCO2 but high pH values of CDW and the Yellow Sea Water (YSW) were generally found in the northern part of shelf, while the high DIC and fCO2 but low pH values of the Coastal Upwelling Water (CUW) were observed in the southwestern shelf. Intermediate DIC, fCO2 and pH values of the warm and oligotrophic KW and Taiwan Current Warm Water (TCWW) occurred in the southeastern shelf.
The CDW and the YSW were the two major CO2 sinks with fluxes of -7.2 to -12.5 and -5.9 to -11.4 mmolC m-2 day-1, respectively. The CUW was the most important CO2 source with a flux of 2.4 to 3.5 mmolC m-2 day-1. The KW and the TCWW were weak CO2 sources with fluxes of 0.7 to 1.2 and 0.4 to 0.6 mmolC m-2 day-1, respectively. As the while, entire ECS acted as a sink of atmospheric CO2 with a flux of -1.2 to -2.2 mmolC m-2 day-1 during the study period.
On contrary to previous thought, result from this study, suggests that instead of high biological production, high TA input from Huanghe might contribute largely to the major sink in the YSW.
Since the capacity of CO2 uptake is closely related to different water types, the change of circulation pattern in response to the reduction of CDW after the full operation of Three-Gorges Dam (TGD) may play an important role on the possible future change of the capacity of the overall ECS to uptake atmospheric CO2.

誌謝------------------------------------------------------------------------------------I
摘要-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------II
Abstract------------------------------------------------------------------------------III
目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------- IV
表目錄-------------------------------------------------------------------------------VI
圖目錄------------------------------------------------------------------------------VII
ㄧ、緒論-------------------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.1研究背景---------------------------------------------------------------------1
1.2文獻回顧---------------------------------------------------------------------4
1.3研究目的---------------------------------------------------------------------5
二、材料與方法----------------------------------------------------------------------6
2.1測站位置及採樣方法------------------------------------------------------6
2.2分析方法---------------------------------------------------------------------6
2.1.1 海水酸鹼值(pH)之測定-----------------------------------------7
2.2.2 海水中溶解態無機碳(DIC)之測定----------------------------7
2.2.3 海水中總滴定鹼度(TA)之測定--------------------------------9
2.2.4 海水中二氧化碳分壓(fCO2)之計算--------------------------10
2.2.5 CO2海氣交換通量之計算----------------------------------11
三、結果-----------------------------------------------------------------------------13
3.1表水之溫鹽特性及其空間分布----------------------------------------13
3.2各水型碳化學參數特性及其空間分布-------------------------------15
四、討論-----------------------------------------------------------------------------19
4.1不同風場下之CO2海氣交換通量的差異----------------------------19
4.2 ΔfCO2與CO2海氣交換通量之空間分布-----------------------------20
4.3表水fCO2變化之控制機制---------------------------------------------23
4.4與前人研究結果之比較-------------------------------------------------28
五、結論-----------------------------------------------------------------------------32
參考文獻----------------------------------------------------------------------------56

中文部分
陳衛忠、李長松、胡芬，1997，東海區海洋漁業資源近況淺析。中國水產科學。4，39-43。

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