本研究主要是利用沉積物收集器收集KK測站(18°15’N; 115°5’E)之沉降顆粒，探討南海北部有機碳、氮及其同位素隨時間和深度之變化趨勢。收集時間分別為2004年8月8號至2005年2月16號(KK-3)和2005年4月1號至2005年10月10號(KK-4)，研究時間涵蓋了一年四季。研究結果顯示，KK測站於透光層內有明顯的季節性變化，而600~3500m之間，則明顯受陸源物質輸入和再礦化作用的影響。本研究亦將鋁的濃度換算成非生物性物質，發現收集杯內最高有58%的為陸源性顆粒。垂直的分佈上，由600m到3500m有機碳同位素值因為陸源性物質帶來較輕碳同位素的顆粒，使得原本碳同位素值隨深度增加而逐漸變重的趨勢不復存在，反而是隨深度的加深而變輕。每10%的非生物源物質輸入會造成C/N增加約0.4單位，若扣除非生物性物質對C/N的影響，則南海的C/N隨深度增加1km增加0.38個單位。在季節性的變化上，由於POM的來源物質不同，其C/N值亦有所不同，冬季(2004年11月~2005年2月)的C/N≒9.05略高於其它季節的C/N≒7.02。前人的研究指出固氮作用可能為新生產力的另一個來源。過去是利用直接觀察生物或是測定營養鹽方法，本研究利用氮同位素的測定亦證明南海夏天有固氮作用的發生。

This study investigates depth and temporal variability of organic carbon (POC), total nitrogen (TN) and their isotopic compositions in sinking particulate organic matter collected at station KK (18°15’N; 115°5’E), northern South China Sea. Sinking particles collected from two separate sediment trap moorings conducted from August 8, 2004 to February 16, 2005 (KK-3) and from April 1, 2005 to October 10, 2005 (KK-4). Results show that their variations respond closely to the strong seasonality in the surface layer, but are modified considerably by subsequent remineralization and large terrigeneous input in the deep water. The highest of Al concentrations at 3500m is equivalent approximately to 58% of lithogenic material. Sinking particles of terrestrial origins has lower δ13C values of POM. Terrigeneous input should make the δ13C values increase but decrease from 600m to 3500m. Based upon data measured in this study, a C/N increase rate of 0.21 unit per 1 km of water depth. The C/N ratio of POM collected in the winter is significantly higher than those collected in the rest of the year (9.05 vs. 7.02). With this regard, cyanobacteria, which have been reported as an important N2-fixer may attribute to the insufficiency in new production sources. The δ15N values prove the occurrence of nitrogen fixation in the surface water of the South China Sea in summer.

誌謝--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅰ
中文摘要--------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅱ
英文摘要--------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅲ
目錄--------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅳ
表目錄-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅵ
圖目錄-----------------------------------------------------------------------------Ⅶ
壹、 緒論-------------------------------------------------------------------------1
貳、 研究材料及方法----------------------------------------------------------7
2-1 採樣地點、時間與方法--------------------------------------------------7
2-2 研究方法-------------------------------------------------------------------8
2-2-1 樣品前處理----------------------------------------------------------8
2-2-2 總碳(TC)、總氮(TN)及有機碳(POC)測定----------------------9
2-2-3 碳、氮同位素分析-------------------------------------------------11
參、 結果與討論---------------------------------------------------------------15
3-1質量通量(Total particulate mass flux)變化--------------------------15
3-2 POC、TN和Al時序上的變化趨勢-----------------------------------16
3-3 C/N的季節變化---------------------------------------------------------17
3-4 POC、TN、C/N 和Al隨時間及深度之變化-------------------------19
3-5 POC及TN通量隨深度之變化及其與質量通量之相關性-------21
3-6碳、氮同位素對深度及時間之變化趨勢-----------------------------23
肆、 結論------------------------------------------------------------------------27
伍、 參考文獻------------------------------------------------------------------48

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