摘 要

本研究係以不同餌料生物、水質及環境條件對庫達海馬（Hippocampus kuda）出生後28天內海馬幼苗之存活率及成長情形作一探討。共進行三項實驗，包括以(1)三種餌料生物（模糊許水蚤、豐年蝦、輪蟲）、(2)在水族箱中加入藻水、(3)不同環境因子之處理：側光及棲所。紀錄海馬之每天存活率及每週體重、體長等項目。

實驗結果顯示，餌料生物試驗：係以單獨投餵橈足類組之成長情形最好，28天大之海馬，存活率達92.0 ± 0%(mean of three replicates ± 1se)，體重127 ± 8mg及體長32.38 ± 0.79mm；水蚤+豐年蝦組存活率90.7 ± 5.8%，體重69 ± 5mg及體長27.23 ± 0.35mm；輪蟲+水蚤組存活率88.0 ± 4.0%，體重86 ± 8mg及體長28.36 ± 1.04mm；輪蟲+豐年蝦組存活率68.0 ± 0.0%，體重26 ± 1mg及體長19.77 ± 0.31mm；豐年蝦組存活率38.7 ± 3.5%，體重45 ± 2mg及體長23.29 ± 0.41 mm。單獨投餵輪蟲及不投餵組之存活率皆最低，輪蟲組在第16天海馬全數死亡，不投餵組在第13天全數死亡。藻水、側光及棲所等試驗，皆以橈足類作為餌料生物，其結果如下，側光試驗，皆有顯著差異：側光組及無側光組海馬存活率97.3 ± 1.3%、68.0 ± 6.9%( p=0.014, ANOVA, Fisher’s PLSD)，體重126 ± 3mg、101 ± 5mg(p=0.013)及體長32.51 ± 0.30mm、29.32 ± 0.75mm(p=0.017)。藻水試驗：加藻水組第21天海馬體長25.40 ± 0.63mm，無藻水組體長23.23 ± 0.44mm，有顯著差異(p=0.047)。棲所試驗，有棲所組及無棲所組在存活率及體重、體長方面等，皆無顯著差異。

綜上所述，餌料生物種類為影響庫達海馬存活率及成長的重要因子，而側光設計方式則可有效提高存活率及成長，說明了適合的餌料生物及養殖設計在海馬大量養殖之潛力。

Abstract

We examined the effects of different live food、water quality and environmental factor on the survival rate and growth of newborn Hippocampus kuda, in the laboratory, Three experiments were conducted: (1) effects of food organisms using three species i.e., Schmackeria dubia、Artemia sp. and Brachionus sp.; (2) effects of adding algae water to aquaria, and(3) effects of side-illumination and habitat. The survival rate and growth rate, were used to assess the responses of seahorses.

The results showed that the growth of seahorses fed with copepod is the best, 28 days old seahorses are 127 ± 8mg (mean of three replicates ± 1se) in wet weight、32.38 ± 0.79mm in body length and the survival rate is 92.0 ± 0%. Copepod + artemia group are 69 ± 5mg、27.23 ± 0.35mm and 90.7 ± 5.8%. Rotifer + Copepod group are 86 ± 8mg、28.36 ± 1.04mm and 88.0 ± 4.0%. Rotifer + artemia group are 26 ± 1mg、19.77 ± 0.31mm and 68.0 ± 0%. Artemia group are 45 ± 2mg、23.29 ± 0.41mm and 38.7 ± 3.5%. The lowest survival rate occurs in the rotifer group and the no-feed group, all seahorses were dead on the sixteenth day and the thirteenth day, respectively. Copepods were used as food organisms in side-illumination 、algae and habitat experimental designs. The difference were all signify- cant between the side-illumination and no side-illumination group：97.3 ± 1.3%、68.0 ± 6.9%( p=0.014, ANOVA, Fisher’s PLSD)，126 ± 3mg、101 ± 5mg(p=0.013) and 32.51 ± 0.30mm、29.32 ± 0.75mm(p=0.017)。 The body length was significant difference between algae fed and no-algae group: 25.40 ± 0.63mm、23.23 ± 0.44 mm(p= 0.047). The survival rate、body weight and body length were all no significant difference between habitat and no habitat group.

To sum up, the living food is a major factor affecting survival and growth. And the side-illumination method can increase both. So the suitable living food and aquaculture engineer designs have great potential to raise more seahorses.

謝辭
中文摘要
英文摘要
目錄
表目錄
圖目錄
照片
壹、前言
貳、材料方法
參、結果
肆、討論
伍、參考文獻

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