本研究藉由玻璃晶片製程中底切技術於T型管道的側管出口製作出一半弧形超微孔洞（水力直徑小於2 μm），用以生產直徑小於10 μm微液滴，並利用此管道設計於具有醫藥應用價值之幾丁聚醣（Chitosan）微液滴的生成。本實驗以底切製程技術製作出一新型微孔洞T型管道結構於玻璃基板上，利用簡單的製程技術製作微孔洞結構於管道匯流處即可大幅提高T型管道生成微液滴的尺寸極限，同時探討微孔洞的尺寸改變對於微液滴生成尺寸以及生成型態的改變與影響。本研究並利用表面改質技術，使玻璃管道內的親水特性改質成疏水性質而生成水相微液滴，並調查界面活性劑濃度於0.5%∼1.5%之間對於已改質晶片表面的接觸角及微液滴生成尺寸的影響。實驗結果顯示，本研究藉由操控連續相及分散相之流速比以及微孔洞水力直徑，可製作出最大直徑為70 μm至最小直徑為6.5 μm微液滴。所製作微液滴均勻性高，於直徑13.5 μm時其標準差為0.66，變異係數為3.13%；於直徑6.5 μm時其標準差為0.21，變異係數為5.7%。本晶片之設計可有效完成高均勻性之微奈米尺寸乳化晶片。
本研究亦成功製作出具有醫藥應用價值的幾丁聚醣乳化液滴，並藉由調控流速比（flow rate ratio）大小可生成59 μm 至27 μm 幾丁聚醣微液滴。本研究成功展示出利用底切技術製作出新式T型管道於乳化微流體晶片上，未來可在乳液製程、奈米生醫和微液滴上做極為廣泛的運用，使得此技術平台可拓展至生物技術和藥物傳輸的領域。

This research successfully created an ultra-small orifice utilizing undercut fabrication process in a droplet-based microfluidics chip. The proposed novel T-junction structure with ultra-small orifice has a lot of advantages, including long-term stability for uniform droplets formation, reproducible ultra-small size droplet and tunable droplet size. The hydraulic diameter of the orifice is under 2 μm, and the size of micro droplet produced from the orifice can be tuned to less than 10 μm in diameter. Chitosan droplet can be produced by the proposed chip, which is usually adopted for medical applications. Surface modification technique was applied to modify the surface of microchannel to be hydrophobic for eaily producing hydro-droplets. Experimental results show that the ultra-small orifice microfluidics chip can steadily produce water-in-oil droplets only by controlling the flow ratio between dispersed phase and continuous phase flow rates. The size of the water-in-oil droplets can be tunable from 22 μm to 6.5 μm in diameter by adjusting the flow rate ratio of the continuous and disperse phase flows from 1 to 3.5 and the hydraulic diameter of the orifice is 1.1 μm. And the size of the chitosan-in-oil droplets also can be tunable from 59 μm to 27 μm by adjusting the flow rate ratio of the continuous and disperse phase flows from 4 to 8. The proposed microchip has advantages including ease of control, low cost, and high throughput. The proposed technique can be widely applied on emulsion and micro droplet generation.

目錄 I
圖目錄 IV
符號表 VII
簡寫表 VIII
摘要 IX
Abstract X
第一章 緒論 1
1.1 微機電系統 1
1.2 乳化 1
1.3 乳化晶片文獻回顧 3
1.3.1 主動液滴生成 3
1.3.2 被動液滴生成 6
1.3.3 微液滴生成應用 13
1.4 研究動機與目的 15
1.5 論文架構 16
第二章 理論分析與晶片設計 18
2.1 乳化 18
2.1.1定義與特性 18
2.1.2界面活性劑 20
2.2 幾丁聚醣 21
2.2.1 幾丁聚醣之特性與應用 21
2.3 表面張力 21
2.3.1 接觸角與親疏水性 22
2.3 T型管道內微液滴生成原理 22
2.4雷諾數 23
2.5標準差 24
2.5變異系數 24
2.6水力直徑 25
2.7微孔洞設計概念 25
第三章 材料與方法 28
3.1 材料選擇與光罩製作 28
3.2 晶片製作 29
3.3 微孔洞水力直徑計算 33
3.4 實驗系統架設 35
第四章 結果與討論 37
4.1微液滴生成 37
4.2 界面活性劑濃度與接觸角及微液滴尺寸關係 38
4.3 微孔洞水力直徑與微液滴生成尺寸關係 39
4.4 微孔洞水力直徑與微液滴生成接觸角 45
4.5 幾丁聚醣微液滴生成 47
第五章 結論與未來展望 48
5.1 結論 48
5.2 未來展望 49
參考文獻 51
自述 56

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