於一九八八年透過《音樂的時間》一書，Jonathan D. Kramer(1942 - 2004)開啟了一個重新思考音樂作為各種時間藝術的平面，這是對於作曲與音樂作品透過當下的演奏過程中所得以描述分析的平面 : 透過時間經驗中所運用的線性與非線性兩大思維主軸裡的「等待」與「說明」，可顯露「個體時間經驗」(Personal Time Experience) 狀態中的一份強調；藉由「音樂演奏介面」(Musical Performance Interface) 得以引發出某種潛在的溝通媒介；於實際互動運作的經驗過程底下，生產出多元視點的思維平面空間，並得以比較傳統音樂分析與時間經驗處在於聆聽狀態之下，描述分析的差異所在。
《音樂的時間》一書中所探究的「時間經驗」為本文研究的主要範疇，透過分析與整合論著作者在音樂演奏介面中之個體時間經驗的描述分析，以三個主要程序所引用的描述分析為主 : (一)相關於音樂演奏介面的描述；(二)透過音樂演奏介面在不同氛圍的音樂中，創造了個體時間經驗的概念；(三)對於音樂中相關於個體時間經驗的感知，以及某種音樂母體存有狀態的強調。

In 1988, through the book of《The Time of Music》Jonathan D. Kramer (1942 - 2004) provided various point of view to understand the description analysis of the“Time Experience”of music : by way of using the methods of“waiting”and“explain”in both linear and nonlinear in the description analysis of“Time Experience”, the situation of “personal time experience”can be emphasized; via“musical performance interface”, the subconscious communication interface can be stirred; under the process of interaction experience the multiperspective image can be presented and the difference with the traditional analysis and description analysis in the time experience with listening experience situation can be compared.
To analysis and integrates the methods of description analysis in“Time Experience”from Kramer' s 《The Time of Music》 is the aim of this thesis. Through“personal time experience” in “musical performance interface”, there are three categories can be discussed such as : 1) a number of the descriptions about“musical performance interface”; 2) the concepts of“personal time experience”in music via different auras in terms of musical performance interfaces；3) the points are strongly related to the perspective of“personal time experience”in music and being the matrix of Music.

前言 1
第一章 《音樂的時間》的源起與研究定位 6
第一節 研究動機 6
第二節 研究「時間經驗」的方式 13
第二章 《音樂的時間》的時間經驗 16
第一節 時間經驗中的演奏介面 16
第二節 垂直時間與時間結構、似是而非的當下 29
第三節 創作與演奏之間的轉圜時間 35
第四節 電子音樂裡的絕對時間 41
第三章 《音樂的時間》時間經驗中的聆聽思維 48
第一節 時間的意象 48
第二節 音樂與時間 53
第三節 音樂的線性與非線性 57
第四節 音樂，演奏，聆聽與環境之融合 73
第四章 結論 81
附錄一 《音樂的時間》一書詞彙表 90
附錄二 Kramer作品總表 96
參考書目 99

中文

王育雯，2004。〈音樂現代主義、停滯感，與《春之祭》〉，《台大文史哲學報》61 期 (2004/11)，53-102。

洪雯倩。《傾聽維也納人文記事》。 台北市：允晨文化出版社，2006年。

歐諾黑。《慢活》。台北 : 大塊文化，2005年。


西文

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______. What is Philosophy? Trans. Graham Burchill and Hugh Tomlinson. London ; New York : Verso, 1994.

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Kramer, D. Jonathan. The Time of Music. London : Collier Macmillan Publishers, 1988.

Kramer, D. Jonathan. “Multiple and Nonlinear Time in Beethoven's Opus 135,” Perspectives of New Music XI/2 (1973) : 122-145.

______. “Studies of Time and Music: a Bibliography,” Music Theory Spectrum, vii (1985) : 72–106.
______. “The Fibonacci Series in Twentieth-Century Music,” Journal of Music Theory XVII/1 (1973) : 110-149.
______. “The Row as Structural Background and Audible Foreground: The First Movement of Webern's First Cantata,” Journal of Music Theory XV (1971) : 158-181.
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Rowell, Lewis.“Reviewed Work : The Time of Music: New Meanings, New Temporalities, New Listening Strategies by Jonathan D. Kramer ”Journal of Music Theory, Vol. 34, No. 2 (Autumn, 1990) : 348-359.
Theodor Adorno, Alban Berg : Master of the Smallest Link. Trans. J. Brand and C. Hailey, Cambridge : Cambridge University Press, 1991.

Theodor Adorno, Beethoven: The Philosophy of Music. Trans. Edmund Jephcott. California : Stanford University Press, 1998.

Theodor Adorno, Quasi una Fantasia: Essays on Modern Music. Trans. Rodney Livingstone. London : Verso, 1992.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2006), s. v.“Analysis, ” by Ian D. Bent / Anthony Pople.
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The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2006), s. v.“Electro-acoustic music,”by Simon Emmerson / Denis Smalley.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2006), s. v.“Hermeneutics,”by Ian D. Bent.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2006), s. v.“Kramer, Jonathan D. ”by James Chute.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2006), s. v.“Performance,”by Jonathan Dunsby.
The New Grove Dictionary of Music and Musicians (2006), s. v.“Rhythm, §III, 6: Current rhythm research: Musical time and temporality , ” by Justin London.
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Whittall, Arnold.“Music Analysis as Human Science ?” Music Analysis Vol.I (1982) : 33-53.



樂譜類

Erik Satie, Gymnopédies, Gnossiennes and other works for Piano, Dover Publication, 1989.

Ludwig van Beethoven, Sonaten II, Könemann Music Budapest, 1999.



影音資料

紀錄片

Monsaingeon, Bruno.《顧爾德的時光之旅》(Glenn Gould Hereafter, 2005)。台北 : 太古國際，2006年。

電影

Rose, Bernard. Immortal Beloved. Icon Entertainment International, 1994.

Daldry, Stephen. The Hours. Paramount Pictures, 2002.



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