近岸地區海流，受到岸線地形的影響，運動方向約與岸線平行，加上不同特性風場作用，使得近岸海流動力機制更趨複雜。為了探討地形與風場對於近岸海流的影響，於高雄興達港附近海域，進行長期的海氣象觀測及分析探討。
本研究利用底錠式都卜勒海流剖面儀、溫深自錄儀、風向風速計等儀器，觀測當地流場、潮位及風場大小。將資料透過濾波處理、調和分析、頻譜分析，及不同頻率波段之相關分析。
結果顯示：（1）海陸風效應較弱時期，表層海流全日潮橢圓主軸平行於岸線，越往底層，受到海底摩擦力影響，橢圓率變小，呈往復運動；海陸風效應強盛時期，海流全日潮橢圓率變大，主軸角由原本沿岸線平行，轉為偏向海陸風運動方向，顯示海陸風場可以影響表面全日潮流場的運動。（2）冬季鋒面過境時，產生沿岸線往東南的海流。能譜分析上，風場與流場有相同週期的尖峰值，週期分別為4天、5.5天、8天，流場變化與風場相關性良好，且與地面測站氣溫與氣壓變化所觀測的週期相似。（3）夏季西南季風期間，臺灣西南近岸，有一股往西北的沿岸流，其他時間，海流方向均向東南方運動。低頻濾波分析結果顯示本地之恆流比潮流或風驅流小，代表本地海域是以潮流及短暫之風驅流成份為主。

The coastal current is influenced by coastline topography, its advection direction is parallel with coastline because different periodic of wind field function makes the ocean dynamics is more complicated in coastal. In order to treat the effects of topography and wind to coastal current variations, we make long time observation data about ocean and meteorology and analyze them near the harbor of HSinDa in Kaohsiung .
This research use bottom Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler
(bm-ADCP ) , Temperature and Pressure Logger(TP ) , anemometer and wind direction vane to observe flow field ,tidal and wind field in the locality. The collected data are analyzed through a variety of time series analysis technique , such as strain wave, harmonic analysis , Fast Fourior Transform (FFT) analysis that uses different frequency wave bands make an relevant analysis materials and then.
The results show that (1) when sea-land breeze was weak, the main axial angle of diurnal tide ellipticity of the current was parallel with the coastline direction. Because the friction of sea flow affected; the ellipticity became smaller and assumed the reciprocal motion；when sea-land breeze was stronger, diurnal tide ellipticity of the current was bigger, and main axial angle from coastline parallel changes to follow the sea-land breeze heading. It means sea-land breeze can affect the surface flow motion. (2)When a front passed in winter, it produces the current faced to the southeast along the coast. In the energy spectrum effect, the wind field and the flow field have the same peak of the period, the period was 4 days, 5.5 days, and 8 days, it means that the correlation of the flow field and wind field is good; this result is closed with the observes in land station. (3)In the period of southwest monsoon, there has coastal current toward northwest in the southwest of Taiwan straits. In the other period, the direction of current always moved toward southeast. The result of the low-frequency filter, the flow is smaller than tidal current and wind-drift current. It means that this sea area is affected by tide current and wind-drift current.

章次 頁次
謝誌…………………………………………………………………… Ⅰ
中文摘要……………………………………………………………… Ⅱ
英文摘要……………………………………………………………… Ⅲ
目錄…………………………………………………………………… Ⅴ
圖目錄………………………………………………………………… Ⅸ
第一章 緒論………………………………………………………… 1
1.1 前言…………………………………………………………… 1
1.2 前人研究回顧………………………………………………… 2
1.3 研究目的……………………………………………………… 5
第二章 現場觀測與資料蒐集……………………………………… 6
2.1 現場觀測……………………………………………………… 6
2.1.1 研究區域與儀器位置…………………………………… 6
2.1.2 海流觀測………………………………………………… 8
2.1.3 潮位觀測………………………………………………… 9
2.1.4 風向風速觀測……………………………………………10
2.2 原始時間序列資料展示………………………………………11
2.2.1 海流資料…………………………………………………11
2.2.2 水位水溫資料……………………………………………12
2.2.3 風速風向資料……………………………………………13
2.3 鄰近測站相關氣象水文資料…………………………………14
2.3.1 氣象局大鵬灣海上浮標風場資料………………………14
2.3.2 氣象局台南測站氣溫氣壓資料…………………………15
第三章 資料處理與資料分析……………………………………… 16
3.1 資料品管………………………………………………………16
3.1.1 海流資料…………………………………………………16
3.1.2 風向風速資料……………………………………………16
3.1.3 水位資料…………………………………………………17
3.2 分析方法………………………………………………………18
3.2.1 相關性分析………………………………………………18
3.2.2 迴歸分析…………………………………………………19
3.2.3 調和分析…………………………………………………20
3.2.4 低頻濾波…………………………………………………20
3.2.5 頻譜分析…………………………………………………21
3.3 資料驗證與補齊………………………………………………23
3.3.1 海流資料校正……………………………………………23
3.3.2 風資料校正………………………………………………27
3.3.3 水位資料校正……………………………………………31
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………………… 34
4.1 頻譜分析………………………………………………………34
4.1.1 風場分析…………………………………………………34
4.1.2 海流分析…………………………………………………37
4.1.3 水位分析…………………………………………………41
4.1.4 頻譜比較…………………………………………………44
4.2 海陸風與全日潮流之關係……………………………………46
4.2.1 24小時調和分析…………………………………………46
4.2.2 海陸風效應………………………………………………49
4.2.3 不同強弱海陸風之潮流橢圓分析………………………54
4.3 冬季鋒面過境之效應…………………………………………58
4.3.1 鋒面過境氣溫氣壓之變化………………………………58
4.3.2 低頻風場與流場頻譜分析………………………………62
4.3.3 低頻海流與風場比較……………………………………65
4.4 季風風場與海流之關係………………………………………70
4.4.1 季風風場介紹……………………………………………70
4.4.2 低頻風場與流場分析……………………………………71
第五章 結論………………………………………………………… 73
參考文獻……………………………………………………………… 75
附錄A……………………………………………………………………77

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