本論文提出一個創新的想法，使用雷射光來擷取手指特徵，並且對此特徵建立雷射光斑辨識系統。當雷射光照射到物體表面時，藉由蒐集射散光線，可以得到得代表物體表面的雷射光斑。我們採用兩種方法來測量射散光線，一種是雷射訊號，當雷射光線掃描過手指的時候，紀錄射散光線的強度。第二種是 雷射光斑影像，當雷射光投影到指紋並同時蒐集他的射散光線就可以藉由CCD將它成像出來。我們分別對雷射訊號和雷射光斑影像提出對應的辨識系統。除此之外，所提出的雷射光斑指紋辨識系統還結合了活體辨識，可以精準地分辨活體與非活體光斑。實驗結果證明我們提出的雷射光斑辨識系統是可行的，並且擁有很好的身分辨識能力。

In this thesis, we proposed an innovation ideal that is employment of laser to extract finger feature, and constructed laser speckle recognition systems for this kind of feature. When projecting laser on the object surface, the speckle could be obtained to represent the characteristic of object surface by collecting scattered light. Two measurement of scattered light was adopted. First is laser signal recording the strength of scattered light when laser scan across the finger. The second is laser speckle image which is demonstrated when projecting the laser on the fingerprint and simultaneously collecting the scatter light by CCD. We proposed two recognition systems for laser signal and laser speckle. Besides, the proposed laser speckle fingerprint recognition system combines biometric detection, it can accurately distinguish biometric and non-biometric speckle. Experimental results demonstrate that proposed laser speckle recognition systems are feasible and with excellent ability of identity verification.

中文摘要........................................................................................i
Abstract.........................................................................................ii
Contents........................................................................................iii
List of Figures.................................................................................v
List of Tables.................................................................................vii
CHAPTER 1 Introduction.................................................................1
1.1 Overview of recognition system................................................1
1.2 Motivation...............................................................................2
1.3 The organization of the thesis..................................................3
CHAPTER 2 Background Review.....................................................5
2.1 Overview of laser speckle........................................................5
2.2 Database clustering................................................................6
2.3 Feature matching....................................................................8
2.4 Similarity................................................................................8
CHAPTER 3 Identification and Analysis of Laser Finger Signal..........9
3.1 Overview of single laser finger signal recognition system...........9
3.2 Signal preprocessing............................................................13
3.2.1 Structure decomposition algorithm.........................................13
3.2.2 Self-validation......................................................................16
3.3 Feature extraction................................................................17
3.3.1 Principal component analysis................................................17
3.3.2 Peak detection.....................................................................19
3.3.3 Energy ratio detection...........................................................20
3.4 Overview of Multiple laser finger signal recognition system.......22
3.4.1 Finite impulse response.........................................................23
3.4.2 Signal enhancement..............................................................26
3.4.3 Discrete wavelet transform.....................................................27
CHAPTER 4 Laser Speckle Fingerprint Metrology and Its Identification................................................................................30
4.1 Overview of laser speckle fingerprint recognition.....................30
4.2 Biometric detection...............................................................31
4.2.1 Challenge.............................................................................31
4.2.2 Proposed method biometric detection based on LBP and SVM............................................................................................32
4.2.3 Local Binary Pattern.............................................................33
4.2.4 Support Vector Machine........................................................34
4.2.5 Fake finger producing...........................................................36
4.3 Traditional fingerprint recognition system................................37
4.4 Scale-invariant feature transform ...........................................40
4.5 Proposed fingerprint recognition system.................................42
4.5.1 Butterworth filter ...................................................................43
4.5.2 Gabor filter...........................................................................44
CHAPTER 5 Experimental Results..................................................46
5.1 Laser finger signal identification results..................................46
5.1.1 Single laser finger signal.......................................................46
5.1.2 Multiple laser finger signals....................................................47
5.2 Laser speckle fingerprint identification results.........................49
5.2.1 Biometric detection...............................................................49
5.2.2 Identity verification................................................................52
CHAPTER 6 Conclusions..............................................................54
Reference....................................................................................56

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