隨著個人電腦運算速度的提高，CPU散熱片散熱效率的要求亦隨之提高。近年來CPU散熱片的製造技術已受到高度重視，且在開發高效能CPU的同時，其儼然成為一種不可或缺的技術。本文針對普遍應用於CPU散熱片製造的異型材擠製加工法提出導流板與模具的設計準則。以有限元素分析軟體DEFORM 3D來分析胚料在模穴中的塑性流動形態，探討產品擠製力、模具的應力與應變分佈、及產品的彎曲曲率等等，並以田口法找出其最佳設計參數。此外，以鋁6061進行熱間擠製實驗，觀察胚料在模穴中的塑性流動形態及死金屬區的範圍。實驗結果將與解析結果互相比較，以驗證解析模型的適用性。

CPU heat sinks with high efficiency of heat transfer are greatly demanded for a personal computer with high-speed computational ability. In recent years, the manufacturing technology of CPU heat sinks has got much attention and becomes indispensable for developing the high-performance CPUs.In this study, some different design criteria for the flow guide and die are proposed during an extrusion process with complex cross-sectional shapes, such as CPU heat sinks. The plastic flow pattern of the billet inside the die cavity is analyzed by using a commercial finite element package “DEFORM 3D”.The extrusion load, the stress and strain distribution of die, and the curvature of the product are investigated. Taguchi method is used to find the optimum extrusion condition of the die parameters. In addition, the experiments of extrusion using Al 6061 were carried out. The plastic flow pattern of the billet within the die and the dead metal zones were observed. The experimental data were compared with the analytical values to verify the validity of the proposed analytical models.

表目錄…..………………………………………………………………Ⅳ
圖目錄…..………………………………………………………………Ⅴ
摘要…………………………………………………..…………………Ⅸ
Abstract……………………………………………………………….....Ⅹ
第一章 緒論
1-1前言………………….………………..……………………………1
1-2文獻回顧……………….……………..……………………………5
1-2-1異型材擠製模具的設計及製程的模擬………………………5
1-2-2導流板的設計…………………………………………………6
1-2-3軸承部的設計………………………………..………………..6
1-3研究動機與目的.…………………….……….……………………7
1-4本文章節架構……….…………………..…………………………8
第二章 CPU散熱片擠製模具的設計
2-1導流板的設計……………………………………….………...….13
2-1-1擠製散熱片型材的塑性流動特性……………………….….13
2-1-2導流板幾何形狀與高度的決定…………………………..…14
2-2軸承部的設計……………………………………….……..……..15
第三章 CPU散熱片擠製的有限元素分析
3-1 DEFORM 3D模擬軟體簡介………………….…….…………...22
3-1-1前處理(Pre-processor) ……………………………….………23
3-1-2模擬引擎(Simulation engine).……………………………….24
3-1-3後處理(Post-processor).……………………………………...24
3-1-4實用模組(Utility module).…………………………………...24
3-2模擬參數的設定……………….…………………………............25
3-3應用田口實驗計劃法於模擬時加工條件的選擇……………….26
3-3-1各個模擬例的網格分佈與重要尺寸之設定………………..27
3-3-2各個模擬例的模擬結果………………..…………………....27
3-3-3田口法最佳組合下的模擬結果……………………………..28
3-4模具的變形分析………………………………………………….29
3-4-1擠製過程初期A模具的變形分析…………………..……...29
3-4-2擠製過程後期A模具的變形分析…………………..……...30
3-4-3擠製過程初期B模具的變形分析…………………..……...30
3-4-4擠製過程後期B模具的變形分析…………………..……...31
3-4-5兩組模具模擬結果的比較…………………………………..31
第四章 鋁材CPU散熱片的熱間擠製實驗
4-1模具的設計與製作………….…………………………………....57
4-1-1模具的設計………….…………………………….………....57
4-1-2模具的製作………….…………………………….………....57
4-2鋁材CPU散熱片熱間擠製實驗….…………………………..….57
4-2-1實驗器材與實驗步驟…………………………………...…...57
4-2-2實驗結果與解析結果的比較.…………………….................58
第五章 結論
5-1研究成果概述……………….…………………………………....69
5-2未來研究的方向與建議……….………………………………....70
參考文獻…..……………………………………………………………71






















表目錄
表3-1常見的各種有限元素套裝軟體之比較……...……………...…..33
表3-2模擬參數的設定……...……………….…………………............34
表3-3田口實驗計劃法的L9直交表……...……………….…………...35
表3-4各個模擬例的導流板及散熱片幾項重要幾何尺寸(單位：mm).36
表3-5模擬的θi及SN比……...……………….…………………..........37
表3-6平均值分析-控制因子對信雜比(SN)的回應表……...…………37
表3-7兩組模具導流板幾何尺寸的差異……...…………………….....38






















圖目錄
圖1-1擠製示意圖......…………………………………………..............10
圖1-2風冷式散熱器組....……………………………………………....10
圖1-3模具崩壞情形....………………………………………………....11
圖1-4模具軸承位置示意圖....…………………………………………11
圖2-1散熱片尺寸圖....………………………………………………....17
圖2-2主模與型材相對位置圖....……………………………………....17
圖2-3主模上的流速區分圖....………………………………................18
圖2-4導流板設計的相關幾何尺寸示意圖((a)俯視圖(b)側視圖)....…18
圖2-5 R1、R2、R3、R4的效果圖…………………………………………19
圖2-6 L1的效果圖…………………………………………………..….19
圖2-7 L2的效果圖…………………………………………………..….20
圖2-8 h的效果圖((a)全擋(b)半擋)…………………………………….20
圖2-9 D的效果圖…………………………………………………........21
圖2-10模具軸承長度分佈示意圖((a)俯視圖(b)側視圖)……………..21
圖3-1 DEFORMTM 系統主要模組及功能………………………..…...39
圖3-2 Al 6061在480℃的塑流應力(MPa)………………………..…...39
圖3-3散熱片鰭部幾何中心與模具中心的距離X………………..…...40
圖3-4主模散熱片的鰭部與軸承部示意圖……………………………40
圖3-5模具組裝後各部分相關位置的示意圖…………………………41
圖3-6胚料在網格化後的示意圖……………………………................41
圖3-7模擬結果的側面圖……………………………............................42
圖3-8模擬結果的側面圖……………………………............................42
圖3-9模擬結果的側面圖……………………………............................43
圖3-10 SN比因子效果圖……………………..……..............................43
圖3-11最佳組合下的模擬結果側視圖…………………………...…...44
圖3-12田口法最佳組合下的負載-衝程圖………..…………………..44
圖3-13田口法最佳組合下胚料的Z方向流速分佈圖………..………45
圖3-14主模模具圖………..……………………………………………45
圖3-15導流板模具圖………..…………………………………………46
圖3-16 A模具擠製過程的負載-衝程圖………..……...………………46
圖3-17擠製初期模具出口之胚料變形圖………..……………………47
圖3-18模具鰭片立體圖………..………………………………………47
圖3-19中心鰭片處沿L3的有效應力分佈圖………..…………...……48
圖3-20中心鰭片處沿L3的X方向位移分佈圖………..……………...48
圖3-21中心鰭片處沿L3的X方向位移分佈圖………..……………...49
圖3-22擠製穩態期模具出口之胚料變形圖………..…………………49
圖3-23中心鰭片處沿L3的有效應力分佈圖………..…………...……50
圖3-24中心鰭片處沿L3的X方向位移分佈圖………..……………...50
圖3-25中心鰭片處沿L3的X方向位移分佈圖………..……………...51
圖3-26 B模具擠製過程的負載-衝程圖………..…………………...…51
圖3-27擠製初期模具出口之胚料變形圖………..……………………52
圖3-28中心鰭片處沿L3的有效應力分佈圖………..…………...……52
圖3-29中心鰭片處沿L3的X方向位移分佈圖………..……………...53
圖3-30中心鰭片處沿L3的X方向位移分佈圖………..……………...53
圖3-31擠製穩態期模具出口之胚料變形圖………..…………………54
圖3-32中心鰭片處沿L3的有效應力分佈圖………..…………...……54
圖3-33中心鰭片處沿L3的X方向位移分佈圖………..……………...55
圖3-34中心鰭片處沿L3的X方向位移分佈圖………..……………...55
圖3-35兩組模具模擬結果的比較圖………..…………………………56
圖4-1主模模具圖………………………………....................................60
圖4-2 A模具導流板模具圖……...………….…………..………..........61
圖4-3 B模具導流板模具圖……...………….…………..………..........62
圖4-4 A模具與B模具實際成品圖…………………………….............62
圖4-5擠型機外觀圖……...………………….…………..……..............63
圖4-6鋁6061的鋁錠……...……………………………………………63
圖4-7固定模具的插銷……...…………………………….……............64
圖4-8將模具固定於擠型機…..…...………………….……..……........64
圖4-9盛錠筒外觀圖……...………………….…………………............65
圖4-10擠型機的儀表板……...………………….……………..…........65
圖4-11推桿與盛錠筒外觀圖……...………………….………..……....66
圖4-12 A模具擠製過程的負載-衝程圖……...………………...……...66
圖4-13 A模具實驗結果與解析結果的比較……...…………………...67
圖4-14 B模具擠製過程的負載-衝程圖……...………………….…….67
圖4-15 B模具實驗結果與解析結果的比較……...…………………...68

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