為了解南海北部沉降顆粒化學組成之時序變化、主要來源和控制機制，本研究利用沉積物收集器於南海北部所收集之沉降顆粒進行顆粒通量、有機碳、氮、生物性蛋白石、陸源性物質以及金屬元素（鋁、鐵、錳、鎘、鋅）等成分分析。研究結果顯示，沉降顆粒通量隨季節
和深度有明顯的變化，亦會受到偶發性事件（颱風和地震）的影響。生物性顆粒通量（OM、CaCO3、opal）隨深度增加而減少；陸源性物質通量則隨深度而增加，主要係經由側向傳輸而來，且愈接近台灣通量愈高。南海生物性顆粒在冬天會有高值出現，乃因基礎生產力高且矽藻冬天比夏天多。在颱風來臨期間，上層POC 含量有升高的情形乃颱風過後基礎生產力提高所致，下層則會減少的趨勢，可能受大量陸源物質輸入稀釋所造成的結果。有機物C/N ratio 隨深度增加，顯示氮較碳優先礦化。微量金屬中，Mn、Fe 和Al 有顯著相關性，表示此區域的Mn 和Fe 主要來自於陸源，以及水體清除效應所導致。Zn 與Cd 隨深度而減少，主要因兩者為營養鹽型金屬元素，受控於生物生成與分解作用所導致。

The time-series sediment traps were deployed in the northern South China Sea (NSCS) to collect settling particles to study the spatial and temporal variations of particle fluxes, particle sources and particle compositions. Each recovered sample was analyzed to determine the particle flux, major compositions (OM, Carbonate, opal and lithogenic materials) and trace metals (Al, Fe, Mn, Cd, Zn). The data were employed to elucidate the biochemical processes in controlling particle and chemical fluxes.
The results show that the particle fluxes vary significantly in time and space, and were apparently related to terrestrial inputs and monsoon-effected processes. Episodic events such as typhoon and earthquakes also effected the fluxes considerably. Vertical fluxes generally decreased with depth for biogenic components (POC, carbonate, opal) but increased with depth for the lithogenic component. Most lithogenic fluxes below the surface were likely derived from lateral transport and decreased with distance away from Taiwan Island. Biogenic fluxes in surface layers were generally higher in winter than in otherseasons, which may be resulted from the elevated primary production in winter. Typhoons also enhanced biogenic fluxes in surface layers but biogenic fluxes were diluted in deep layers by strong lithogenic fluxes.
Carbonate dominated the biogenic fluxes in the upper layer and may play as the major ballast in the transportation of biogenic materials through the water column. The C/N ratios of organic matter increased generally with depth implying that nitrogen was preferentially decayed over carbon through the water column. Lithogenic elements such as Al, Fe, Mn were
closely correlated and increased in fluxes with depth. However, microelements associated with biogenic materials (Cd, Zn) displayed a significant decrease in content with depth, showing a rapid recycling in water columns.

致謝…………………………………………………………I
中文摘要……………………………………………………II
英文摘要……………………………………………………III
目錄…………………………………………………………IV
圖目錄………………………………………………………V
表目錄………………………………………………………VI
第一章 前言…………………………………………………1
第二章 研究區域……………………………………………4
第三章 材料及方法…………………………………………8
3.1 採樣位置及方法…………………………………8
3.2 樣品分析方法……………………………………9
3.2.1 樣品前處理……………………………………9
3.2.1-1 沉積物收集器樣品………………………9
3.2.1-2 表層沉積物樣品………………………11
3.2.2 沉降顆粒通量測……………………………11
3.2.3 有機碳氮之測定……………………………12
3.2.4 無機碳之測定………………………………14
3.2.5 生物性蛋白石含量分析……………………14
3.2.6 沉降顆粒鋁及其他金屬元素之分析………18
第四章 結果與討論………………………………………19
4.1 各測站水文特徵………………………………19
4.2 顆粒通量………………………………………19
4.2.1 M1S 及M1T 各深度顆粒通量時序變化…21
4.2.2 M2S 各深度顆粒通量時序變化…………22
4.2.3 M3 各深度顆粒通量時序變化……………30
4.2.4 KK2、KK3、KK4 各深度顆粒通量時序變化
…………………………………………… 30
4.2.5 各測站顆粒通量比較……………………32
4.3 生物性顆粒組成及通量………………………33
4.3.1 顆粒態有機碳………………………………33
4.3.2 顆粒態無機碳………………………………42
4.3.3 生物性蛋白石………………………………48
4.3.4 碳酸鈣………………………………………52
4.4 陸源性物質組成及其通量………………………57
4.5 沉降顆粒金屬元素………………………………61
4.5-1 鋁……………………………………………61
4.5-2 鐵……………………………………………63
4.5-3 錳……………………………………………63
4.5-4 鎘、鋅………………………………………70
第五章 討論………………………………………………71
5.1 南海北部沉降顆粒通量探討……………………71
5.2 生物性顆粒組成和時序變化……………………77
5.2.1 有機碳、氮…………………………………77
5.2.2 無機碳、碳酸鈣……………………………79
5.2.3 生物性蛋白石………………………………79
5.3 陸源物質含量及通量……………………………85
5.4 顆粒態金屬元素…………………………………86
第六章 結論………………………………………………88
參考文獻…………………………………………………90
中文部分……………………………………………90
英文部分……………………………………………91

中文部分
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