前人研究顯示，西赤道太平洋暖池區(Western Pacific Warm Pool, WPWP)水文狀態主要受沃克環流與哈德里環流圈影響，且與全球氣候息息相關。隨沃克環流增強或哈德里環流圈減弱則暖池區範圍往南北擴張，沃克環流減弱或哈德里環流圈增強則其範圍縮小。本研究利用取自WPWP南緣沉積物岩芯ODP1115B，分析其中次表水種浮游有孔蟲Neogloboquadrina dutertrei化石殼體的穩定碳氧同位素值，以反映WPWP南緣之次表層水體的水文條件；再以表水種有孔蟲Globigerinoides sacculifer的氧同位素記錄當作反映該區域表水水文狀態的指標，以此兩種氧同位素值記錄重建最近兩百廿萬年WPWP南緣垂直水層水文條件變化記錄，配合兩種浮游有孔蟲化石的碳同位素差值，本研究嘗試探討WPWP南緣垂直水層差異的長期變化趨勢，預期可反映本區過去斜溫層深度的變化。
　　根據現今水文資料，當WPWP南緣向南擴張時斜溫層深度加深，而此種變化預期在古水文記錄中也能看到，但研究結果顯示長期趨勢的變化與預期不符。根據重建資料顯示WPWP南緣斜溫層深度可能不只受到WPWP的範圍變化所影響，也受到次表水水文條件所控制。為了解WPWP南緣範圍變化與WPWP水文狀態的關係，本研究以赤道太平洋區域的ODP806、ODP847、ODP1115B及位於WPWP南方珊瑚海的MD063018共四根岩芯的古海表溫資料，當作重建暖池區表水水文狀態長期變化的指標，並嘗試解釋影響WPWP範圍變化機制與沃克環流及哈德里環流的關係。研究結果顯示WPWP南緣之水文條件在1.8 Ma前受主要WPWP與沃克環流的影響較少；而1.8~1.2 Ma之間，由於沃克環流的增強導致赤道地區暖水團對WPWP南緣影響也逐漸增加，但受到哈德里環流制衡的影響，因此並未明顯表現在WPWP的空間範圍變化上。而在1.2~0.9 Ma時，WPWP的範圍向南移動，而自0.9 Ma後，WPWP南緣的水文條件，才以沃克環流與WPWP的範圍變動為主要控制原因。同時也證明WPWP南緣的向南擴張，會導致WPWP南緣斜溫層深度加深。

The Region of Western Pacific Warm Pool (WPWP) is closely related to Global climate system. Previous studies indicate that the region of WPWP is affected by Walker circulation (WC) and Hadley cell (HC). WPWP expands when WC becomes stronger or when HC becomes weaker, and contracts when WC becomes weaker or when HC becomes stronger.

In this study, records derived from core ODP1115B, including stable oxygen and carbon isotopes are used to reconstruct the long-term hydrological variations of WPWP over the past 2.2 Ma. We compared two species of foraminifera: Neogloboquadrina dutertrei and Globigerinoides sacculifer, for the reconstruction of differences between surface water and oceanic subsurface water. We try to find out the relationships between the thermocline depth in southern WPWP, the region of WPWP, HC and WC. However, our records indicate that the depth of thermocline in southern WPWP may be effected by the region of WPWP and the hydrology of southern WPWP. According to the Paleothermometry records of ODP806, ODP847, ODP1115 and MD063018, we can explain the relationship between WC, HC and the region of WPWP. Before 1.8 Ma, southern WPWP may not be affected by weak WC. During 1.8~1.2 Ma, WC becomes stronger and effect the region of WPWP. At the period of 1.2~0.9 Ma, southward migration of WPWP enhanced the influence of WC on the region of south WPWP and the depth of thermocline, then weakened HC in the southern hemisphere. After 0.9 Ma, the variation of hydrology in southern WPWP may be affected by stronge WC, not HC. We suggest that the influence of HC in southern WPWP is resulted in the southern region of WPWP.

論文審定書.....................................................................................................................i
誌謝................................................................................................................................ii
中文摘要.......................................................................................................................iii
英文摘要.......................................................................................................................vi
目錄................................................................................................................................v
圖次..............................................................................................................................vii
表次...............................................................................................................................ix
第一章　緒論................................................................................................................1
　　1.1 研究區域的水文背景.....................................................................................1
　　1.2研究區域的氣候背景......................................................................................2
　　1.3 前人研究.........................................................................................................3
　　1.4 研究原理.........................................................................................................6
　　　1.4.1 有孔蟲殼體中的穩定碳氧同位素..........................................................6
　　　1.4.2米蘭柯維奇天文理論與有孔蟲的氧同位素地層記錄...........................9
1.5 研究目的.......................................................................................................10
第二章　研究材料與方法..........................................................................................16
　　2.1 研究材料採樣與分析...................................................................................16
　　2.2 上機前的樣本清洗.......................................................................................16
　　2.3 年代模式.......................................................................................................17
　　　2.3.1 氧同位素地層與年代模式的建立........................................................17
　　　2.3.2 天文參數調頻與年代模式檢測............................................................18
第三章　結果..............................................................................................................29
　　3.1 ODP1115B浮游性有孔蟲N. dutertrei氧同位素記錄..............................29
　　3.2 ODP1115B浮游性有孔蟲N. dutertrei碳同位素記錄..............................30
　　3.3 碳氧同位素差值變化與WPWP的斜溫層深度變化..................................30
　　3.4西赤道太平洋暖池區水文狀態的長期趨勢................................................32
第四章　討論..............................................................................................................44
　　4.1 WPWP南緣的表水、次表水水文狀態與斜溫層深度變化.........................44
　　4.2 WPWP南緣的範圍變動與WPWP南緣斜溫層深度變化的關係..............45
　　4.3影響WPWP水文狀態的氣候機制...............................................................46
　　　4.3.1 沃克環流與哈德里環流圈的長期趨勢重建與分析............................47
　　　4.3.2 WC、HC、WPWP的水文狀態三者之間的關係.....................................48
第五章　結論..............................................................................................................55
參考文獻......................................................................................................................56
附錄一..........................................................................................................................65

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