本研究針對碳數範圍十至三十五之直鏈烷物種與美國EPA 制訂的優先處理
污染物中之十五個多環芳香族化合物類分析了高雄港內六個與港外十六個沈積
物樣本。直鏈烷總量濃度從0.461 至22.601 μg/g dry wt.（平均值為4.327 μg/g dry
wt.）、多環芳香族化合物總量濃度從0.088 至1.75 μg/g dry wt.（平均值為0.588
μg/g dry wt ）。直鏈烷與多環芳香族化合物最高值分別出現在高雄港內的前鎮
河口與仁愛河口，可能的污染趨勢是從仁愛河河口與前鎮河河口向外擴散。由
碳優指數之平均值接近一、兩支鏈烷之同時出現、圖譜中含有的UCM 、碳十六
比例平均值港外接近五十、港內接近十五與分量濃度之分佈情形等推測，直鏈
烷的來源應該是人為之油污染來源、生物來源與陸源性植物都佔了一定的比例。
大致而言，港外的部分陸源性植物之來源在其中是佔有一定的比例。而港內則
可能受到生物或石油化合物來源的影響較大。而由總燃燒比例（Σcomb%）與
低高分子量比例推測、多環芳香族化合物的來源在港外主要是由未燃燒的廢氣
沈降而來，而在港內則是可能由人為之油污染所造成。整體而言，本研究區域
中所含有的直鏈烷總量濃度，多環芳香族化合物濃度與大多數之海洋水體類似，
而多環芳香族化合物對於生物潛在的影響、與世界上一些獨立的標準相較，僅
Acenaphthaene 、Anthracene 、Benzo[a]anthracene 、與Fluorene 四個物種含量有
超過NOAA 訂定之低影響範圍（ER-L ）之情形。

Twenty-two sediment samples were collected from Kaohsiung Harbour, and it’s
neighboring coastal area, Taiwan and analysed for a suite of n-C10-C35 aliphatic
hydrocarbons and fifteen polycycilc aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs). The average total
concentration of n-alkanes was 4.327 μg/g dry wt. (0.461-22.601 μg/g dry wt.) and
PAHs was 0.588 μg/g dry wt. (0.088-1.75 μg/g dry wt.). The highest n-alkanes and
PAHs concentrations were recorded in samples from D and A stations in Kaohsiung
Harbour ; stations D and A are near the outlets of Chyan-Jenn and Jen-Ai rivers,
respectively. The sources of n-alkanes are probably contributed form origins of
petrogenic, biogenic and higher plants according to the value of CPI (carbon
preference index), chromatogram of UCM (unresolved complex materials), and n-C16
ratio etc.; while PAHs were contributed mainly from combustion in coastal areas and
petrogenic in harbour areas based on the ratios of total combustion and LMW/HMW
ratios. Overall, sediment concentrations of n-alkanes and PAHs in Kaohsiung coastal
area were similar to literature in the world. The potential for biological effects due to
PAHs is found to be low based as their individual PAHs concentrations are in general
lower than effects most existed sediment quality guidelines, except Acenaphthaene,
Anthracene, Benzo[a]anthracene, and Fluorene.

謝誌i
中文摘要ii
Abstract iii
目錄I
圖目錄IV
表目錄VI
第一章、概論，文獻查考p.1
1-1 、 前言，動機p.1
1-2 、 油污染p.2
1-2-1 、來源p.2
1-2-2 、內容與範圍p.3
1-2-3 、沈積物的重要性與污染物之宿命p.4
1-2-4 、毒性p.5
1-3 、 石油衍生性化合物p.6
1-3-1 、直鏈烷p.6
‥ 碳優指數p.6
‥ 碳數範圍p.7
‥ 碳十六比例與UCM p.7
‥ 支鏈化合物比例p.8
1-3-2 、多環芳香族化合物p.8
‥ 總燃燒比例p.9
‥ 低分子量與高分子量之比p.9
‥ 個別化合物之比例p.10
1-3-3 、石油化合物在海洋環境中之流佈p.10
1-4 、 高雄港與西南海域p.11
1-5 、 目的p.12
第二章、實驗方法p.18
2-1 、採樣點與採樣方法p.18
2-2 、前處理p.18
2-3 、實驗藥品、器皿清洗、儀器設備與操作條件p.19
2-3-1 實驗藥品p.19
2-3-2 器皿清洗p.20
2-3-3 儀器設備p.20
2-3-4 操作條件p.20
2-3-5 檢測物種p.21
2-4 、石油化合物計量與指標計算方法p.21
2-4-1 計量方法p.21
2-4-2 指標計算方法整理p.22
第三章、實驗結果與討論p.34
3-1 、 總量p.34
3-1-1 、結果p.34
3-1-2 、各測點之間比較p.35
3-1-3 、與各海域比較p.35
3-1-4 、粒徑分析p.37
3-2 、 直鏈烷分量與圖譜p.37
3-2-1 、分量p.37
3-2-2 、圖譜p.38
3-3 、 直鏈烷指標p.39
3-4 、 多環芳香族化合物分量p.41
3-5 、 多環芳香族化合物指標p.42
第四章、結論與建議p.96
參考文獻
附錄一、直鏈烷各測點分量濃度A
附錄二、多環芳香族化合物分量濃度a
附錄三、標準品圖譜

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