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博碩士論文 etd-0913102-070110 詳細資訊
Title page for etd-0913102-070110
論文名稱
Title
四種蟳大眼幼體在外部型態及族群動態上之差異
Differences in External Morphology and Population Dynamics among the Megalopae of Four Scylla species
系所名稱
Department
畢業學年期
Year, semester
語文別
Language
學位類別
Degree
頁數
Number of pages
76
研究生
Author
指導教授
Advisor
召集委員
Convenor
口試委員
Advisory Committee
口試日期
Date of Exam
2002-07-31
繳交日期
Date of Submission
2002-09-13
關鍵字
Keywords
蟳、型態、脫殼、大眼幼體
megalopa, morphology, Scylla, molt
統計
Statistics
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The thesis/dissertation has been browsed 5670 times, has been downloaded 2121 times.
中文摘要
本研究針對東港附近海域捕獲四種蟳之大眼幼體及第一期稚蟹之外部型態上詳加描述,並比較其差異,以作為鑑種的依據。花腳蟳大眼幼體在第五腹節具有指狀下緣,與其他三種明顯不同。紅腳蟳大眼幼體在左右第一觸角基節的剛毛數均為4, 4的組合,與其他三種的3, 3,3, 4或4, 3的組合明顯不同。貴蟳大眼幼體在第二觸角最後兩節之剛毛數為4, 5的組合,與其他三種均為3, 3的組合明顯不同。其次,四種蟳大眼幼體在第五泳足、第三顎足及第五步足都有較明顯的差異。另外,四種蟳大眼幼體在體型大小上亦有顯著差異,以額寬與頭胸甲寬為例紅腳蟳最大、花腳蟳次之、白腳蟳第三、貴蟳最小。在第一期稚蟹的形態描述亦發現:中央額齒及螯腳就如其成蟹在種間有明顯的差異。
在大眼幼體族群動態方面,本研究於1999年9月至2000年9月,自林邊溪口外海、林邊溪口海岸、番子崙外海及番子崙海岸等地採集大眼幼體。利用multiplex PCR技術大量鑑定大眼幼體的種別。在上述調查期間發現:白腳蟳最多,占67.7±21.5%;花腳蟳次之,占19.3±15.5%;紅腳蟳第三,占12.3±11.9%;而貴蟳最少,占0.7±1.7%。蟳大眼幼體之脫殼大部分發生在夜間,占77.1%。大眼幼體到達稚蟹所需要的天數自沿岸捕獲者比自外海捕獲者少一天(p<0.001),白腳蟳較紅腳蟳及花腳蟳多一天(p<0.001)。鹽度 (15-30 ppt) 對四種蟳大眼幼體的脫殼時程沒有影響(p>0.29)。

Abstract
The purpose of this research is to describe and to compare the morphology of megalopa and the first crab of four Scylla species which lives along the coast of Tungkang. The megalopa of S. serrata has dactyl lower margin on the fifth abdominal segment which is different from three other Scylla species. S. olivacea has setae number of 4,4 combination on both sides of the basal segment of antenna. It is different from three other species which are either “ 3,3” or “ 3,4” or “ 4,3” combination. S. tranquebarica has setae number of 4,5 combination on the last two segments of antennule. It is different from three other species, which have 3,3 combination. In addition, these four kinds of megalopa are different on the fifth pleopod, third maxilliped and fifth pereiopod. Furthermore, megalopa of four Scylla species have significant differences in their shape and size. For example, S. olivacea is the largest one in both rostral width and carapace length, followed by S. serrata, S. paramamosain, and S. tranquebarica is the smallest one. In the first crab, as adult,
significant differences are found on the frontal median spines and chelipeds.
From September 1999 to September 2000, megalopae of four Scylla species were collected from the coast and offshore of Linpien and Fanzilum. Large amount of megalopa can be identified in to species using of one-step multiplex PCR. Results showed that S. paramamosain is the most abundant (67.7±21.5%) , followed by S. serrata (19.3±15.5%), S. olivacea (12.3±11.9%), and S. tranquebarica (0.7±1.7%) is the least one. Most of the megalopa (77.1%) molted during the night. The megalopa caught from coast took one day (p<0.001) less to become the first crab than those caught from offshore. S. paramamosain took one day more than S. serrata and S.
olivacea.Salinity doesn’t affect the time of molt.

目次 Table of Contents
目錄
章次 頁數
中文摘要 ……………………………………………………. III
英文摘要 ……………………………………………………. IV
謝辭 …………………………………………………………. V
目錄 …………………………………………………………. VI
表目錄 ………………………………………………………. VIII
圖目錄 ………………………………………………………. IX

一、前言 ………………………………………………. 1
二、材料與方法 ………………………………………. 4
I. 材料收集及處理 ………………………………. 4
II. 大眼幼體及第一期稚蟹外部形態之描述及比較……………………………………………... 4
III. 分生鑑種 …………………………………….. 6
a. chelex-100 resin 萃取法 …………………... 6
b. Multiplex PCR ……………………………… 7
c. 洋菜膠電泳分析 …………………………... 7
IV. 大眼幼體外部形態形質分析…………………. 8
V. 四種蟳大眼幼體之分布頻度與脫殼試驗 ..…………………………………………... 8
a.四種蟳大眼幼體的分布頻度 ………….…… 8
b.鹽度對大眼幼體脫殼之影響 ..…………….. 8
三、結果 ………………………………………………. 10
I. 四種青蟹大眼幼體外部形態及形質 ………… 10
章次 頁數
a. 貴蟳 ………………………………………... 10
b. 白腳蟳 …………………………………….. 11
c. 紅腳蟳 …………………………………….. 12
d. 花腳蟳 …………………………………….. 14
e. 四種青蟹大眼幼體之比較 ……………….. 15
f. 四種青蟹大眼幼體外部形態形質分析 …... 17
II. 四種青蟹第一期稚蟹外部形態 ……………… 17
a. 貴蟳 ………………………………………... 17
b. 白腳蟳 …………………………………….. 18
c. 紅腳蟳 …………………………………….. 20
d. 花腳蟳 …………………………………….. 21
e. 四種青蟹第一期稚蟹之比較 …………….. 22
III. 脫殼實驗 …………………………………….. 23
a. 海岸及外海脫殼實驗 ……………………... 24
b. 不同鹽度脫殼實驗 ……………………….. 24
c. 光照脫殼實驗 ……………………………... 24
IV. 蟳之生態分布 ……………………………….. 24
四、討論 ……………………………………………….. 26
五、參考文獻 ………………………………………….. 29


參考文獻 References
參考文獻
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