福壽螺(Pomacea canaliculata)的分佈除了遍及臺灣全島甚至延伸至離島，但梯形福壽螺(Pomacea scalaris)僅分佈於高雄及屏東一帶，除了地理分佈上的差異，目前梯形福壽螺的相關探討也極少，因此，本論文進行福壽螺及梯形福壽螺生殖生物研究並探討此兩物種對溫度反應的差異。福壽螺及梯形福壽螺皆有雌雄異型的現象，雌性殼口較窄長，雄性殼口較為寬廣；檢視2004年12月至2006年3月之樣本，福壽螺及梯形福壽螺雄螺殼長與陰莖鞘、陰莖的長度有正相關(p < 0.001)，福壽螺陰莖鞘之寬度大於梯形福壽螺；福壽螺及梯形福壽螺雌螺殼長與VP(vestigial penis)的寬度及高度有正相關(p < 0.001)，梯形福壽螺的VP寬度大於福壽螺(p = 0.02)；福壽螺生殖腺指數(Gonadosomatic index; GSI)雄性平均為68.0 %，雌性31.1 %；梯形福壽螺雄性60.1 %，雌性32.5 %，兩物種皆為全年生殖，無生殖高峰。對溫度反應結果顯示兩物種在選擇上有差異，福壽螺迴避20℃低溫度區域明顯高於梯形福壽螺，而梯形福壽螺迴避40℃高溫區域明顯高於福壽螺。24、48、72小時的低溫LT50分別為：大型福壽螺(>30mm) 9.82–11.83℃、大型梯形福壽螺(>35mm) 10.68–11.53 ℃、小型福壽螺(<20mm) 10.26–11.74℃；而24、48、72小時的高溫LT50分別為：大型福壽螺33.10–33.60℃、大型梯形福壽螺35.87–35.34℃、小型福壽螺35.87-35.81℃，兩物種的高低致死溫度沒有明顯差異。由以上結果可知，福壽螺及梯形福壽螺均為全年生殖物種，而溫度並非造成兩物種在地理分佈上有差異的主要因素。

The distribution of apple snail Pomacea canaliculata are island-wide but Pomacea scalaris is only found in southern Taiwan. In order to gain more information on the not well-known alien invasive species, comparative studies on the reproduction and thermal tolerance of P. canaliculata and P. scalaris were conducted. Sexual dimorphism in shell morphology has been found in both species, with wider operculum in males. Positive correlation between shell length and penis sheath length or penis length has been observed in male P. canaliculata and P. scalaris, based on the samples collected during the period of December 2004 and March 2006, The width of penis sheath in P. canaliculata was greater than in P. scalaris. Positive correlation between shell length and the height and width of vestigial penis in female P. canaliculata and P. scalaris was also found. The width of vestigial penis in P. scalaris was greater than in P. canaliculata. Gonadosomatic index (GSI) in male P. canaliculata and P. scalaris was 68 and 60% and 31 and 33% in females. Their reproductive cycle was annual without seasonal peaks. Significant difference in thermopreferrenda was found between P. canaliculata and P. scalaris. The 24, 48 and 72-h lethal thermal minima temperatures in P. canaliculata and P. scalaris were similar, i.e. 9.8–11.8℃. And, the 24, 48 and 72-h lethal thermal maxima temperatures were 33.1–35.9℃. Based on the results, it is known that P. canaliculata and P. scalaris reproduce year-round and temperature is not a major factor in shaping the species distribution pattern in Taiwan.

中文摘要………………………………………………………Ⅰ
英文摘要………………………………………………………Ⅱ
目錄……………………………………………………………Ⅳ
表目錄…………………………………………………………Ⅴ
圖目錄…………………………………………………………Ⅵ
一、前言………………………………………………………1
二、材料方法…………………………………………………6
三、結果………………………………………………………10
四、討論………………………………………………………15
參考文獻………………………………………………………22

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